Download or read book Radiation induced Segregation and the Relationship to Physical Properties in Irradiated Austenitic Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation-induced changes in composition are studied because these changes can degrade failure of materials irradiated in nuclear reactors. In this work, the effect of alloy composition on radiation-induced segregation, hardening, and void swelling is presented. Five alloys, Fe-18Cr-8Ni, Fe-16Cr-13Ni, Fe-18Cr-40Ni, Fe-16Cr-13Ni+Mo, and Fe-16Cr-13Ni+Mo+P (all compositions in wt. %), were irradiated with 3.2 MeV protons at 400 C to a dose of 0.5 displacements per atom. The change in grain boundary composition was measured using field emission gun scanning transmission electron microscopy and the hardening was measured using Vickers indentation. Void swelling is calculated from the void size distribution measured using transmission electron microscopy. After irradiation, Cr depletes and Ni enriches at grain boundaries. Increasing bulk Ni concentration causes greater Cr depletion and Ni enrichment at grain boundaries. For alloys with 16 Cr, the addition of P reduces the Cr depletion and Ni enrichment. Hardening does not directly correlate with composition, but a framework for isolating the effect of hardening and segregation on cracking is suggested. The amount of void swelling in the irradiated material is shown to correspond inversely with segregation. Those alloys with greater segregation tend to swell less.
Download or read book Influence of Radiation Induced Voids and Bubbles on Physical Properties of Austenitic Structural Alloys written by Francis A. Garner and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Void swelling in austenitic stainless steels induces significant changes in their electrical resistivity and elastic moduli, as demonstrated in this study using a Russian stainless steel irradiated as fuel pin cladding in BN-600. Precipitation induced by irradiation also causes second-order changes in these properties. When cavities are full of helium as expected under some fusion irradiation conditions, additional second-order changes are expected but they will be small enough to exclude from the analysis.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science written by Gary S. Was and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-07-16 with total page 839 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an eye-opening treatise on the fundamentals of the effects of radiation on metals and alloys. When energetic particles strike a solid, numerous processes occur that can change the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Metals and alloys represent an important class of materials that are subject to intense radiation fields. Radiation causes metals and alloys to swell, distort, blister, harden, soften and deform. This textbook and reference covers the basics of particle-atom interaction for a range of particle types, the amount and spatial extent of the resulting radiation damage, the physical effects of irradiation and the changes in mechanical behavior of irradiated metals and alloys.
Download or read book Effect of Radiation Induced Segregation on Precipitate Stability and Swelling in Irradiated Alloys written by VA. Pechenkin and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The radiation-induced segregation of alloy components near point defect sinks with a particular attention to Fe-Cr-Ni based alloys is analyzed. The influence of point defect generation rate on temperature ranges of stability for radiation-retarded M23C6 and radiation-induced Ni3Si precipitates in austenitic stainless steels is considered. A method of calculation of steady-state segregation-induced bias in irradiated binary alloys, taking into account Kirkendall forces and drift forces caused by point defect migration and formation energy gradients near sinks, is proposed. Contributions of various forces to the bias in Fe-Cr-Ni and V-Fe alloys are evaluated. The effect of void-precipitate association on swelling is analyzed. The radiation-induced segregation of components and segregation-induced bias for motionless and moving grain boundaries in a Fe-Cr-Ni alloy are calculated by solving the set of coupled diffusion equations for component and point defect concentrations.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Substructure and Mechanical Properties of Metals and Alloys written by John Moteff and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1973 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Substructure and Mechanical Properties of Metals and Alloys written by and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1973 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Pre irradiation Heat Treatments on Thermal Non equilibrium and Radiation induced Segregation Behavior in Model Austenitic Stainless Steel Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of pre-irradiation heat treatments on thermal non-equilibrium grain boundary segregation (TNES) and subsequent radiation-induced grain boundary segregation (RIS) is studied in a series of model austenitic stainless steels. The alloys used for this study are based on AISI 316 stainless steel and have the following nominal compositions: Fe-16Cr-13Ni-1.25Mn (base 316), Fe-16Cr-13Ni-1.25Mn-2.0Mo (316 + Mo) and Fe-16Cr-13Ni-1.25Mn-2.0Mo-0.07P (316 + Mo + P). Samples were heat treated at temperatures ranging from 1100 to 1300 C and cooled at 4 different rates (salt brine quench, water quench, air cool and furnace cool) to evaluate the effect of annealing temperature and quench rate on TNES. The alloys were than processed with the treatment (temperature and cooling rate) that resulted in the maximum Cr enrichment. Alloys with and without the heat treatment to enrich the grain boundaries with Cr were characterized following irradiation to 1 dpa at 400 C with high-energy protons in order to understand the influence of alloying additions and pre-irradiation grain boundary chemistry on irradiation-induced elemental enrichment and depletion profiles. Various mechanistic models will be examined to explain the observed behavior.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by Arvind S. Kumar and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1994 with total page 1319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Radiation Materials Science written by GARY S. WAS and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-08 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this established text offers readers a significantly expanded introduction to the effects of radiation on metals and alloys. It describes the various processes that occur when energetic particles strike a solid, inducing changes to the physical and mechanical properties of the material. Specifically it covers particle interaction with the metals and alloys used in nuclear reactor cores and hence subject to intense radiation fields. It describes the basics of particle-atom interaction for a range of particle types, the amount and spatial extent of the resulting radiation damage, the physical effects of irradiation and the changes in mechanical behavior of irradiated metals and alloys. Updated throughout, some major enhancements for the new edition include improved treatment of low- and intermediate-energy elastic collisions and stopping power, expanded sections on molecular dynamics and kinetic Monte Carlo methodologies describing collision cascade evolution, new treatment of the multi-frequency model of diffusion, numerous examples of RIS in austenitic and ferritic-martensitic alloys, expanded treatment of in-cascade defect clustering, cluster evolution, and cluster mobility, new discussion of void behavior near grain boundaries, a new section on ion beam assisted deposition, and reorganization of hardening, creep and fracture of irradiated materials (Chaps 12-14) to provide a smoother and more integrated transition between the topics. The book also contains two new chapters. Chapter 15 focuses on the fundamentals of corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, covering forms of corrosion, corrosion thermodynamics, corrosion kinetics, polarization theory, passivity, crevice corrosion, and stress corrosion cracking. Chapter 16 extends this treatment and considers the effects of irradiation on corrosion and environmentally assisted corrosion, including the effects of irradiation on water chemistry and the mechanisms of irradiation-induced stress corrosion cracking. The book maintains the previous style, concepts are developed systematically and quantitatively, supported by worked examples, references for further reading and end-of-chapter problem sets. Aimed primarily at students of materials sciences and nuclear engineering, the book will also provide a valuable resource for academic and industrial research professionals. Reviews of the first edition: "...nomenclature, problems and separate bibliography at the end of each chapter allow to the reader to reach a straightforward understanding of the subject, part by part. ... this book is very pleasant to read, well documented and can be seen as a very good introduction to the effects of irradiation on matter, or as a good references compilation for experimented readers." - Pauly Nicolas, Physicalia Magazine, Vol. 30 (1), 2008 “The text provides enough fundamental material to explain the science and theory behind radiation effects in solids, but is also written at a high enough level to be useful for professional scientists. Its organization suits a graduate level materials or nuclear science course... the text was written by a noted expert and active researcher in the field of radiation effects in metals, the selection and organization of the material is excellent... may well become a necessary reference for graduate students and researchers in radiation materials science.” - L.M. Dougherty, 07/11/2008, JOM, the Member Journal of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society.
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Substructure and Mechanical Properties of Metals and Alloys written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radiation induced Segregation and Precipitation in Ion irradiated Molybdenum rhenium Alloys written by Robert Alan Erck and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterisation of Radiation Damage by Transmission Electron Microscopy written by M.L Jenkins and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-11-21 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterization of Radiation Damage by Transmission Electron Microscopy details the electron microscopy methods used to investigate complex and fine-scale microstructures, such as those produced by fast-particle irradiation of metals or ion implantation of semiconductors. The book focuses on the methods used to characterize small point-defect clusters, such as dislocation loops, because the coverage in general microscopy textbooks is limited and omits many of the problems associated with the analysis of these defects. The book also describes in situ, high-resolution, and analytical techniques. Techniques are illustrated with examples, providing a solid overview of the contribution of TEM to radiation damage mechanisms. The book is most useful to researchers in, or entering into, the field of defect analysis in materials.
Download or read book Radiation induced Changes in Microstructure written by F. A. Garner and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1987 with total page 919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Radiation induced Grain Boundary Segregation in Austenitic Stainless Steels written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation-induced segregation (RIS) to grain boundaries in Fe-Ni-Cr-Si stainless alloys has been measured as a function of irradiation temperature and dose. Heavy-ion irradiation was used to produce damage levels from 1 to 20 displacements per atom (dpa) at temperatures from 175 to 550°C. Measured Fe, Ni, and Cr segregation increased sharply with irradiation dose (from G to 5 dpa) and temperature (from 175 to about 350°C). However, grain boundary concentrations did not change significantly as dose or temperatures were further increased. Although interfacial compositions were similar, the width of radiation-induced enrichment or depletion profiles increased consistently with increasing dose or temperature. Impurity segregation (Si and P) was also measured, but only Si enrichment appeared to be radiation-induced. Grain boundary Si peaked at levels approaching 10 at% after irradiation doses to 10 dpa at an intermediate temperature of 325°C. No evidence of grain boundary silicide precipitation was detected after irradiation at any temperature. Equilibrium segregation of P was measured in the high-P alloys, but interfacial concentration did not increase with irradiation exposure. Comparisons to reported RIS in neutron-irradiated stainless steels revealed similar grain boundary compositional changes for both major alloying and impurity elements.
Download or read book Isolation of the Role of Radiation induced Segregation in Irradiation assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking of Proton irradiated Austenitic Stainless Steels written by Jeremy Todd Busby and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Radiation on Materials written by Martin L. Grossbeck and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2004 with total page 767 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
