Download or read book Radial Echo Planar Spectroscopic Imaging written by Andres Saucedo and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) are powerful, non-invasive tools that are capable of assessing the concentrations and distributions of various metabolic compounds in vivo. Single-voxel MRS methods such as STEAM and PRESS measure the temporal signal from a specific, localized volume of interest. As such, single-voxel MRS does not require any type of spatial encoding, such as frequency and phase encoding which are used routinely in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although simpler to implement for clinical applications, MRS methods are nonetheless limited in their ability to efficiently acquire spectra across large anatomical regions, since only a relatively small volume can be probed per measurement. On the other hand, multi-voxel acquisitions can be done with MRSI, which incorporates additional two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) spatial encoding dimensions (i.e., k-space) to resolve multiple spectra from a large volume or slice within a single scan session. However, conventional MRSI techniques currently in clinical use depend on sequential phase encoding of each spatial dimension, which often results in long scan durations. Therefore, the focus of much research in MRSI has been to accelerate the acquisition through various means such as by undersampling or by using, often also in combination with undersampling, advanced sampling methods such as simultaneous spatiotemporal sampling of one spatial dimension and the spectral (time) dimension. The latter approach is accomplished by implementing so-called echo-planar k-t trajectories, which interleave the acquisition of one frequency-encoded spatial dimension (k) with the temporal samples (t) necessary for resolving the spectrum. The other spatial dimensions are often resolved with conventional phase encoding. Thus, echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) is able to accelerate an MRSI scan session by at least an order of magnitude. When first proposed in the mid 1980's, EPSI was done with Cartesian trajectories and, since the late 1990's, non-Cartesian trajectories such as spirals, concentric circular, rosette, and radial trajectories have been implemented for fast MRSI. These non-Cartesian trajectories provide advantageous trade-offs in imaging speed, signal-to-noise ratio, and motion robustness compared with Cartesian EPSI. More recently, as late as 2019, radial echo planar spectroscopic imaging (REPSI) has been described as a nascent subfield in proton (1H) MRSI. Although radial projections were the first to be demonstrated for MRI, the adoption of radial sampling for MRSI had only found limited applications for non-proton MRSI, such as for phosphorus (31P) and carbon (13C), and had not yet been demonstrated for in vivo 1H MRSI. This work presents a study of 1H MRSI in the human brain in vivo using radial echo-planar trajectories, as well as applications for diffusion-weighted MRSI. The capability of REPSI for further acceleration compared to Cartesian EPSI are shown within a compressed sensing framework, in which the undersampled REPSI data can be reconstructed with good fidelity by exploiting the sparsity of the data within a transform domain. In addition to its higher tolerance for accelerations, the motion robustness of REPSI is shown in free-breathing healthy liver and prostate acquisitions. Both MRS and MRSI methods are compatible with diffusion-weighted (DW) techniques. DW-MRS and DW-MRSI are able to explore the microstructural characteristics of tissues in vivo due to the predominantly intracellular compartmentalization of metabolites. Unlike water, which permeates both the intra- and extra-cellular spaces, most metabolites are confined within the intracellular space, so that their diffusion reflects the structure and function of tissues at the microscopic scale. This compartment-specific assessment of tissue structure enables a clearer understanding of the cellular-level conditions and alterations that underlie various pathologies. This work also presents the first demonstration of a diffusion-weighted technique, first proposed in the mid 1990's and early 2000's, for in vivo single voxel DW-MRS and DW-MRSI in the human brain. This so-called "single-shot diffusion trace-weighted" scheme had been untestable in humans, until recently, due to earlier hardware limitations of clinical scanners. The acquisition and processing of the single voxel DW-MRS data was optimized as a precursor for the spectroscopic imaging version of the sequence. It is shown that radial echo planar trajectories are particularly advantageous for DW-MRSI, due to their self-navigation capability that enables post-processing-based corrections of the diffusion-weighted data, which is susceptible to shot-to-shot phase and frequency inconsistencies. In the Appendix, further work in acceleration in the context of parallel imaging using low-rank approximations is also demonstrated for MRI acquisitions.
Download or read book Design Development and Assessment of an Echo planar Spectroscopic Imaging Sequence for Clinical Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Robert W. Brown and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 976 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New edition explores contemporary MRI principles and practices Thoroughly revised, updated and expanded, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Physical Principles and Sequence Design remains the preeminent text in its field. Using consistent nomenclature and mathematical notations throughout all the chapters, this new edition carefully explains the physical principles of magnetic resonance imaging design and implementation. In addition, detailed figures and MR images enable readers to better grasp core concepts, methods, and applications. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Second Edition begins with an introduction to fundamental principles, with coverage of magnetization, relaxation, quantum mechanics, signal detection and acquisition, Fourier imaging, image reconstruction, contrast, signal, and noise. The second part of the text explores MRI methods and applications, including fast imaging, water-fat separation, steady state gradient echo imaging, echo planar imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and induced magnetism. Lastly, the text discusses important hardware issues and parallel imaging. Readers familiar with the first edition will find much new material, including: New chapter dedicated to parallel imaging New sections examining off-resonance excitation principles, contrast optimization in fast steady-state incoherent imaging, and efficient lower-dimension analogues for discrete Fourier transforms in echo planar imaging applications Enhanced sections pertaining to Fourier transforms, filter effects on image resolution, and Bloch equation solutions when both rf pulse and slice select gradient fields are present Valuable improvements throughout with respect to equations, formulas, and text New and updated problems to test further the readers' grasp of core concepts Three appendices at the end of the text offer review material for basic electromagnetism and statistics as well as a list of acquisition parameters for the images in the book. Acclaimed by both students and instructors, the second edition of Magnetic Resonance Imaging offers the most comprehensive and approachable introduction to the physics and the applications of magnetic resonance imaging.
Download or read book The First International Symposium on Bioengineering written by and published by Research Publishing Service. This book was released on 2011 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Implementation and Evaluation of Slice and Volume Localized Echo planar Correlated Spectroscopic Imaging EP COSI Sequences written by Scott L. Lipnick and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy In Vivo written by Paul A. Bottomley and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 1230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook covers the entire field of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), a unique method that allows the non-invasive identification, quantification and spatial mapping of metabolites in living organisms–including animal models and patients. Comprised of three parts: Methodology covers basic MRS theory, methodology for acquiring, quantifying spectra, and spatially localizing spectra, and equipment essentials, as well as vital ancillary issues such as motion suppression and physiological monitoring. Applications focuses on MRS applications, both in animal models of disease and in human studies of normal physiology and disease, including cancer, neurological disease, cardiac and muscle metabolism, and obesity. Reference includes useful appendices and look up tables of relative MRS signal-to-noise ratios, typical tissue concentrations, structures of common metabolites, and useful formulae. About eMagRes Handbooks eMagRes (formerly the Encyclopedia of Magnetic Resonance) publishes a wide range of online articles on all aspects of magnetic resonance in physics, chemistry, biology and medicine. The existence of this large number of articles, written by experts in various fields, is enabling the publication of a series of eMagRes Handbooks on specific areas of NMR and MRI. The chapters of each of these handbooks will comprise a carefully chosen selection of eMagRes articles. In consultation with the eMagRes Editorial Board, the eMagRes Handbooks are coherently planned in advance by specially-selected Editors, and new articles are written to give appropriate complete coverage. The handbooks are intended to be of value and interest to research students, postdoctoral fellows and other researchers learning about the scientific area in question and undertaking relevant experiments, whether in academia or industry. Have the content of this handbook and the complete content of eMagRes at your fingertips! Visit the eMagRes Homepage
Download or read book Hyperpolarized Carbon 13 Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy written by Peder Larson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-28 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MRI with hyperpolarized carbon-13 agents is a powerful emerging imaging modality that can measure real-time metabolism in cells, animals, and humans. It uses endogenous, non-toxic contrast agents that a hyperpolarized, resulting in up to 100,000-fold increases in sensitivity. This technique uses no ionizing radiation, and is being applied in a range of human trials. It’s primary use is for metabolic imaging, but it can also measure perfusion, pH, and necrosis. Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy is designed to be a one stop shop for understanding hyperpolarized 13C MRI. This book explains the principles of this imaging modality, the requirements for performing studies, shows how to interpret the results, and gives an overview of current biomedical applications. It is suitable for engineers, scientists and clinicians in radiology and biomedical imaging who want to understand this technology. Presents the physics and hardware of dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization Explains the behaviour of hyperpolarized carbon-13 agents and how to image them Detailed guidance on experimental design and data interpretation Identifies promising and potential applications of hyperpolarized carbon-13 MR
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Marinus T. Vlaardingerbroek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an overall analytical treatment of MRI physics and engineering. Special attention is paid to the treatment of intrinsic artefacts of the different sequences which can be described for the different scan methods. The book contains many images, especially showing specific properties of the different scan methods. The methods discussed include RARE, GRASE, EPI and Spiral Scan. The 3rd edition deals with stranger gradient and new RF coil systems, and sequences such as Balanced FFE and q-space diffusion imaging and SENSE.
Download or read book Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 1748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
Download or read book Handbook of High Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization written by Vladimir K. Michaelis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) as a technique for sensitivity-enhancement in solid-state NMR spectroscopy This comprehensive handbook is a compendium of the current state-of-the art of high field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization—from long-proven, early developments, up to today’s hot topics. It covers all the relevant subjects that have made a direct or indirect contribution toward advancing this field, and focuses on topics such as: the theory behind the effects seen within DNP; instrumentation required for carrying out DNP; and specific applications of DNP including protein monitoring, catalysis, nanoparticles, biological and clinical studies. Development and application of techniques that have indirectly contributed to advancing MAS DNP NMR, such as DNP experiments on static solids within microwave resonant structures, and high-field EPR, are also examined. Handbook of High Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization is presented in three sections—Theoretical Aspects, DNP Development (instrumentation / radical / sample), and DNP NMR Applications. The first section offers chapters on; solid and cross effect DNP; thermal mixing; Overhauser; and dissolution DNP. The second looks at: microwave technology, gyrotron, and IOE; homebuilt and commercial DNP spectrometers; and glassing vs. solvent-free DNP. The final section provides information on; amyloid, membrane, and nanocrystalline proteins; metals, and surface enhanced DNP; pharmaceuticals; nanoparticles; and much more. Covers one of the biggest developing fields in magnetic resonance Relevant to students, academics, and industry within the physical, materials, medical, and biochemical sciences An excellent starting point and point-of-reference for researchers in the field Edited by a widely respected team with contributions from key researchers in the NMR community Part of the eMagRes Handbook Series Handbook of High Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization is an ideal reference for all researchers and graduate students involved in this complex, interdisciplinary field. About eMagRes Handbooks eMagRes publishes a wide range of online articles on all aspects of magnetic resonance in physics, chemistry, biology and medicine. The existence of this large number of articles, written by experts in various fields, is enabling the publication of a series of eMagRes Handbooks on specific areas of NMR and MRI. The chapters of each of these handbooks will comprise a carefully chosen selection of eMagRes articles. In consultation with the eMagRes Editorial Board, the eMagRes Handbooks are coherently planned in advance by specially-selected Editors, and new articles are written to give appropriate complete coverage. The handbooks are intended to be of value and interest to research students, postdoctoral fellows and other researchers learning about the scientific area in question and undertaking relevant experiments, whether in academia or industry. Have the content of this Handbook and the complete content of eMagRes at your fingertips! Visit: www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eMagRes
Download or read book Image Principles Neck and the Brain written by Luca Saba and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-21 with total page 832 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a technique used in biomedical imaging and radiology to visualize internal structures of the body. Because MRI provides excellent contrast between different soft tissues, the technique is especially useful for diagnostic imaging of the brain, muscles, and heart.In the past 20 years, MRI technology has improved si
Download or read book Nuclear Magnetic Resonance written by G. A. Webb and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation As a spectroscopic method, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) has seen spectacular growth over the past two decades, both as a technique and in its applications. Today the applications of NMR span a wide range of scientific disciplines, from physics to biology to medicine. Each volume of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance comprises a combination of annual and biennial reports which together provide comprehensive coverage of the literature on this topic. For those wanting to become rapidly acquainted with specific areas of NMR, this title provides unrivalled scope of coverage. Seasoned practitioners of NMR will find this an invaluable source of current methods and applications. Each volume of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance comprises a combination of annual and biennial reports which together provide comprehensive of the literature on this topic. This Specialist Periodical Report reflects the growing volume of published work involving NMR techniques and applications, in particular NMR of natural macromolecules which is covered in two reports: "NMR of Proteins and Acids" and "NMR of Carbohydrates, Lipids and Membranes". For those wanting to become rapidly acquainted with specific areas of NMR, this title provides unrivalled scope of coverage. Seasoned practitioners of NMR will find this an in valuable source of current methods and applications. Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.
Download or read book Ultra High Field Neuro MRI written by Karin Markenroth Bloch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-08-21 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-High Field Neuro MRI is a comprehensive reference and educational resource on the current state of neuroimaging at ultra-high field (UHF), with an emphasis on 7T. Sections cover the MR physics aspects of UHF, including the technical challenges and practical solutions that have enabled the rapid growth of 7T MRI. Individual chapters are dedicated to the different techniques that most strongly benefit from UHF, as well as chapters with a focus on different application areas in anatomical, functional and metabolic imaging. Finally, several chapters highlight the neurological and psychiatric applications for which 7T has shown benefits. The book is aimed at scientists who develop MR technologies and support clinical and neuroscience research, as well as users who want to benefit from UHF neuro MR techniques in their work. It also provides a comprehensive introduction to the field. Presents the opportunities and technical challenges presented by MRI at ultra-high field Describes advanced ultra-high field neuro MR techniques for clinical and neuroscience applications Enables the reader to critically assess the specific UHF advantages over currently available techniques at clinical field strengths
Download or read book Diffusion MRI written by Derek K Jones and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-11-11 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Derek Jones, a world authority on diffusion MRI, has assembled most of the world's leading scientists and clinicians developing and applying diffusion MRI to produce an authorship list that reads like a "Who's Who" of the field and an essential resource for those working with diffusion MRI. Destined to be a modern classic, this definitive and richly illustrated work covers all aspects of diffusion MRI from basic theory to clinical application. Oxford Clinical Neuroscience is a comprehensive, cross-searchable collection of resources offering quick and easy access to eleven of Oxford University Press's prestigious neuroscience texts. Joining Oxford Medicine Online these resources offer students, specialists and clinical researchers the best quality content in an easy-to-access format.
Download or read book Motion Correction in MR written by Andre van der Kouwe and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-10-28 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motion Correction in MR: Correction of Position, Motion, and Dynamic Changes, Volume Eight provides a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art in motion detection and correction in magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The book describes the problem of correctly and consistently identifying and positioning the organ of interest and tracking it throughout the scan. The basic principles of how image artefacts arise because of position changes during scanning are described, along with retrospective and prospective techniques for eliminating these artefacts, including classical approaches and methods using machine learning. Internal navigator-based approaches as well as external systems for estimating motion are also presented, along with practical applications in each organ system and each MR modality covered. This book provides a technical basis for physicists and engineers to develop motion correction methods, giving guidance to technologists and radiologists for incorporating these methods in patient examinations. Provides approaches for correcting scans prospectively and retrospectively Shows how motion and secondary effects such as field changes manifest in MR scans as artifacts and subtle biases in quantitative research Gives methods for measuring motion and associated field changes, quantifying motion and judging the accuracy of the motion and field estimates
Download or read book Body MR Imaging at 3 Tesla written by Ihab R. Kamel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Guides radiologists in optimizing protocols for 3T MR systems, reducing artifacts and identifying the advantages of 3T in body applications.
