Download or read book Racial Mistrust Perceptions of Discrimination and Academic Achievement Among African American Children written by Yamanda Fay Wright and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New evidence suggests that African American children's mistrust of European American teachers plays a role in sustaining racial achievement gaps. However, racial mistrust may also play a protective role for stigmatized children by facilitating perceptions of discrimination in the event that they encounter racially biased feedback. The present study investigated the relations among African American children's racial mistrust, perceptions of discrimination, and academic achievement. Participants included 67 elementary school-age children (ages 6-11 years) who completed two lab sessions assessing their mistrust of European American teachers, attributions to discrimination during a mock drawing contest designed to appear racially biased, and semester grades. I predicted that racial mistrust (1) is present among many African American children at the beginning of formal education, (2) predicts perceptions of discrimination, and (3) shows a quadratic relationship to African American children's academic achievement, such that extreme (very high and very low) levels are associated with negative academic outcomes, whereas moderate levels are associated with positive academic outcomes. Contrary to expectations, results showed that African American children expect European American teachers to be biased in favor of African Americans. Specifically, African American children expect European American teachers to show more warmth than punitiveness across their interactions with African American and European American students, but they expect the warm-punitive differential to be even more pronounced with African American students. In addition, young African American children appear highly unlikely to attribute negative feedback from European American teachers to racial discrimination, even when such a bias appears likely. Finally, neither the expectation of racial bias nor perceptions of racial discrimination predicted African American children's academic outcomes in this study. The implications and limitations of these findings are discussed in the concluding chapter.
Download or read book My Existence Didn t Make No Difference to Them written by Larissa Malone and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this qualitative research was to understand the perceptions of African-American students and their families regarding teacher expectations and the experiences that shaped these perceptions. The study sought to understand the ways in which members of the African-American community processed and responded to schooling based on their interpretation of educational institutions' expectations. Critical Race Theory served as the theoretical framework which posited that culture is critical to human agency and race is relevant, salient, and is an undeniable influence on the structure of all American institutions, including schools. Findings revealed African-Americans perceived that educational institutions of America, as a whole, are inherently designed to obstruct progress towards social justice. The emergent themes of ethnic identity, racial socialization, cultural mistrust and resilience and their relevance to and the way in which they informed perceptions of teacher expectations and the discourse surrounding majority-minority relations and cultural negotiations are discussed. This inquiry concluded that the perceptions of teachers' lower expectations influenced both African-American students' approach to schooling, but did not deter them from high achievement and encouraged African-American parents' activism in countering racial biases to guide their students through school. Implications for diverse school communities include systemic efforts of inclusion, equitable treatment of all students and racial reconciliation as an integral part of increased African-American student achievement.
Download or read book Ignored Burden written by Allison Lindsay Scott and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Theory of African American Offending written by James D. Unnever and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A little more than a century ago, the famous social scientist W.E.B. Du Bois asserted that a true understanding of African American offending must be grounded in the "real conditions" of what it means to be black living in a racial stratified society. Today and according to official statistics, African American men – about six percent of the population of the United States – account for nearly sixty percent of the robbery arrests in the United States. To the authors of this book, this and many other glaring racial disparities in offending centered on African Americans is clearly related to their unique history and to their past and present racial subordination. Inexplicably, however, no criminological theory exists that fully articulates the nuances of the African American experience and how they relate to their offending. In readable fashion for undergraduate students, the general public, and criminologists alike, this book for the first time presents the foundations for the development of an African American theory of offending.
Download or read book Understanding Prejudice Racism and Social Conflict written by Martha Augoustinos and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2001-09-25 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: `This book stands out for a number of reasons...the result is an authoritative, provocative and challenging collection, which will doubtless help to stimulate further debate in the field′ Susan Condor, Department of Psychology, Lancaster University `The authors are to be commended for assembling an unusually stimulating collection of chapters...the book is clearly distinguished by the breadth of its coverage and the theoretical insights it offers. It is a valuable addition to any collection on this topic′ Jack Dovidio, Department of Psychology, Colgate University `This is a comprehensive text that is extremely well written by top social psychologists, with all of the major theoretical perspectives represented. The editors should be commended for putting together this lively and engaging text′ Nyla Branscombe, Department of Psychology, University of Kansas A range of international events have recently focused attention on issues of prejudice, racism and social conflict: increasing tensions in former Eastern bloc countries, political conflict in Northern Ireland and the United States, as well as racial conflict in the Baltic States, Middle East, Africa, and Australasia. In light of these events, Understanding Prejudice, Racism and Social Conflict presents a timely and important update to the literature, and makes a fascinating textbook for all students who need to study the subject. A variety of theoretical and conceptual approaches are necessary to fully understand the themes of prejudice and racism. This textbook successfully presents these, uniquely, by examining how these themes manifest themselves at different levels - at the individual, interpersonal, intergroup and institutional levels. It aims to integrate the different approaches to understanding racism and prejudice and to suggest new ways to study these complex issues. This integrated, international focus should make it key reading for students in many countries. With contributions from world-leading figures, Understanding Prejudice, Racism and Social Conflict should prove to be an invaluable teaching resource, and an accessible volume for students in social psychology, as well as some neighbouring disciplines.
Download or read book The Legacy of Racism for Children written by Margaret C. Stevenson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-12 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When children become entangled with the law, their lives can be disrupted irrevocably. When those children are underrepresented minorities, the potential for disruption is even greater. The Legacy of Racism for Children: Psychology, Law, and Public Policy examines issues that arise when minority children's lives are directly or indirectly influenced by law and public policy. Uniquely comprehensive in scope, this trailblazing volume offers cutting-edge chapters on the intersections of race/ethnicity within the context of child maltreatment, child dependency court, custody and adoption, familial incarceration, school discipline and the "school-to-prison pipeline," juvenile justice, police/youth interactions, and jurors' perceptions of child and adolescent victims and defendants. The book also includes chapters focused on troubling situations that are less commonly researched, but growing in importance, including the role of race and racism in child sex trafficking and US immigration law and policy. Thus, individual chapters explore myriad ways in which law and policy shape the lives of marginalized children and adolescents - racial and ethnic minorities - who historically and presently are at heightened risk for experiencing disadvantageous consequences of law and policy. In so doing, The Legacy of Racism for Children can help social scientists to understand and work to prevent the perpetuation of racial discrimination in American laws and public policies.
Download or read book African American Students Experiences Achievement and Outcomes Examined Through the Lenses of Teacher Expectations Racial Congruence and Stereotype Threat written by Carla Postell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phenomenological study examined the retrospective perceptions of academic experiences and outcomes of 13 African American full or part-time college students enrolled in either a community college or university located in an urban area. For the purpose of this study, educational experiences are defined as self-reported academic achievements and perceived success levels attained by participants during high school. Academic outcomes are the self-reported academic achievement and success level attained at their colleges and universities. The researcher interviewed participants, using a one-on-one interview process to conduct the interviews. This study examined influences of race congruence between students and teachers. This topic was studied to determine if students find that being taught by a person who is of the same or different race influences their educational experiences and outcomes. African American college students' retrospective appraisal of the role that teacher expectations, teacher-student racial congruity, and stereotype threat played in their high school education, guided this study. Findings from the participant interviews produced four major themes: perceptions of teacher expectations, stereotypes, stereotype threat, and racial congruence. Examining this concept gives educators the opportunity to understand how African American students view their educational experiences and the role these theories play in students' academic outcomes. Results from the present study provide data to better understand the achievement gap and how to bring closure to the gap, helps educators and policymakers reset their perspectives and priorities as they relate to African American students, encourages and suggests the implementation of diversity training programs and curriculum as they relate to African American students, and reflects teacher expectations and perceptions of African American students. Recommendations for further research include: (a) examining how teacher expectations, racial congruence, and stereotype threat, as they relate to African American students, might be impacting the achhievement gap, (b) conducting a longitudinal research design to extend the study by following students throughout college to graduation to determine how racial congruence between instructors and students in college influenced their college outcomes, and (c) using a mixed-methods research design to study a multicultural group of students (e.g., Black, White, Hispanic, Asian) and teacher racial congruence.
Download or read book Voices written by Lourdes Ferrer and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-05-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prologue -- Findings -- Recommendations -- Final Thoughts -- Acknowledgments -- About the authors.
Download or read book African American Communication written by Ronald L. Jackson II and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its third edition, this text examines how African Americans personally and culturally define themselves and how that definition informs their communication habits, practices, and norms. This edition includes new chapters that highlight discussions of gender and sexuality, intersectional differences, contemporary social movements, and digital and mediated communication. The book is ideally suited for advanced students and scholars in intercultural communication, interpersonal communication, communication theory, African American/Black studies, gender studies, and family studies.
Download or read book Young Gifted and Black written by Theresa Perry and published by Beacon Press. This book was released on 2012-09-11 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An important and powerful book” that radically reframes the debates swirling around the academic achievement of African-American students (Boston Review) “The solutions offered by each essay are creative, inspirational, and good old common sense." —Los Angeles Times In 3 separate but allied essays, African-American scholars Theresa Perry, Claude Steele, and Asa Hilliard examine the alleged ‘achievement gap’ between Black and white students. Each author addresses how the unique social and cultural position Black students occupy—in a society which often devalues and stereotypes African-American identity—fundamentally shapes students’ experience of school and sets up unique obstacles. Young, Gifted and Black provides an understanding of how these forces work, opening the door to practical, powerful methods for promoting high achievement at all levels. In the first piece, Theresa Perry argues that the dilemmas African-American students face are rooted in the experience of race and ethnicity in America, making the task of achievement distinctive and difficult. Claude Steele follows up with stunningly clear empirical psychological evidence that when Black students believe they are being judged as members of a stereotyped group—rather than as individuals—they do worse on tests. Finally, Asa Hilliard argues against a variety of false theories and misguided views of African-American achievement, sharing examples of real schools, programs, and teachers around the country that allow African-American students to achieve at high levels. Now more than ever, Young, Gifted and Black is an eye-opening work that has the power to not only change how we talk and think about African-American student achievement but how we view the African-American experience as a whole.
Download or read book Closing the Racial Academic Achievement Gap written by Matthew Lynch and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to this timely analysis, the myth of the racial achievement gap has nothing to do with genetics and everything to do wotha host of embarrassing yet reversible social and pedagogical failures. For every problem raised, the text offers a levelheaded solution, culminating in a plan for closing the supposed racial achievement gap for good.
Download or read book Beyond Acting White written by Erin McNamara Horvat and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2006-03-09 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do Blacks underperform in school? Researchers continue to pursue this question with vigor not only because Blacks currently lag behind Whites on a wide variety of educational indices but because the closing of the Black-White achievement gap has slowed and by some measures reversed during the last quarter of the 20th century. The social implications of the persistent educational 'gap' between Blacks and Whites are substantial. Black people's experience with poor school achievement and equally poor access to postsecondary education reduces their probability for achieving competitive economic and social rewards and are inconsistent with repeated evidence that Black people articulate high aspirations for their own educational and social mobility. Despite the social needs that press us towards making better sense of 'the gap,' we are, nevertheless, limited in our understanding of how race operates to affect Black students' educational experiences and outcomes. In Beyond Acting White we contend with one of the most oft cited explanations for Black underachievement; the notion that Blacks are culturally opposed to 'acting White' and, therefore, culturally opposed to succeeding in school. Our book uses the 'acting White' hypothesis as the point of departure in order to explore and evaluate how and under what conditions Black culture and identity are implicated in our understanding of why Black students continue to lag behind their White peers in educational achievement and attainment. Beyond Acting White provides a response to the growing call that we more precisely situate how race, its representations, intersectionalities, and context specific contingencies help us make better sense of the Black-White achievement gap.
Download or read book The Effect of acting White Parental Support Racial Identity and Academic Competence on African American Students Academic Achievement written by Deitra Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Black and Latino Adolescents Perceptions of Racial Discrimination and School Adjustment written by Aletha Marie Harven and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this research was to explore Black and Latino adolescents' experiences with racial discrimination in school. First, a mediation model was utilized to examine the hypothesized path between teacher racial discrimination, academic goals, and school achievement - and the hypothesized path between peer racial discrimination, mental health, and school achievement. Second, moderated mediation was employed to examine the influence of parent educational advocacy on the hypothesized path between teacher racial discrimination, academic goals, and school achievement - and the influence of friendship support on the hypothesized path between peer racial discrimination, mental health, and school achievement. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to test all paths. Only mental health factors were found to mediate the relation between peer racial discrimination and school achievement for Black and Latino girls. However, moderated mediation revealed additional mediated paths that were not gender specific but were influenced by differing levels of the moderating variables. For instance, lower levels of parent educational advocacy were found to strengthen the negative impact of teacher racial discrimination on student achievement through mastery goals and performance-avoidance goals for Latino youth. Similarly, lower levels of friendship support were found to strengthen the negative impact of peer racial discrimination on student achievement through depressive symptoms for Black youth. These findings suggest that the absense of parent educational advocacy and friendship support in adverse situations can have negative psychological and academic consequences for both Black and Latino students. Implications of the findings for promoting parent educational advocacy and friendship support were discussed. Also discussed was the notion that mediation cannot always be understood alone and that differing levels of a moderator can more effectively explain a unique path.
Download or read book Racial Socialization written by LeVar Jesse Ammons and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racial tension in the academic environment has been a pervasive issue in American society since the mandated integration of Brown vs. The Board of Education. Racial socialization is a theoretical concept regarding how Black American parents develop the racial coping literacy of their children in order to assist them in navigating racial politics... Conclusions highlight the need for increasing the racial coping literacy skills of Black American students in addition to developing higher quality student/teacher relationships.
Download or read book Handbook of Race Racism and the Developing Child written by Stephen M. Quintana and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-10 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling a critical void in the literature, Race, Racism, and the Developing Child provides an important source of information for researchers, psychologists, and students on the recent advances in the unique developmental and social features of race and racism in children's lives. Thorough and accessible, this timely reference draws on an international collection of experts and scholars representing the breadth of perspectives, theoretical traditions, and empirical approaches in this field.
Download or read book Ethnic Matching written by Donald Easton-Brooks and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethnic Matching: Academic Success of Students of Color is an in-depth exploration on the impact of ethnic matching in education, the paring of students of color with teachers of the same race. Research shows that this method has a positive and long-term impact on the academic experience of students of color. This book explores what makes this phenomenon relevant in today’s classrooms. Through interviewing quality teachers of color, this book sheds a light on the impact these teachers make on the academic experience of students of color. This approach is meant to provide all teachers valuable insight into techniques for engaging with diverse learners. Also, from these conversations, the book shows how the intentionality of culturally responsive practice can enhance the academic experience of students of color. Topics such as the challenges of recruiting and retaining quality teachers of color, as well as the valuable work being done on the local, state, and national level to promote diversifying the field of education as a way to provide equitable education for all students is also explored in this book.
