Download or read book The Color of Law A Forgotten History of How Our Government Segregated America written by Richard Rothstein and published by Liveright Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-02 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New York Times Bestseller • Notable Book of the Year • Editors' Choice Selection One of Bill Gates’ “Amazing Books” of the Year One of Publishers Weekly’s 10 Best Books of the Year Longlisted for the National Book Award for Nonfiction An NPR Best Book of the Year Winner of the Hillman Prize for Nonfiction Gold Winner • California Book Award (Nonfiction) Finalist • Los Angeles Times Book Prize (History) Finalist • Brooklyn Public Library Literary Prize This “powerful and disturbing history” exposes how American governments deliberately imposed racial segregation on metropolitan areas nationwide (New York Times Book Review). Widely heralded as a “masterful” (Washington Post) and “essential” (Slate) history of the modern American metropolis, Richard Rothstein’s The Color of Law offers “the most forceful argument ever published on how federal, state, and local governments gave rise to and reinforced neighborhood segregation” (William Julius Wilson). Exploding the myth of de facto segregation arising from private prejudice or the unintended consequences of economic forces, Rothstein describes how the American government systematically imposed residential segregation: with undisguised racial zoning; public housing that purposefully segregated previously mixed communities; subsidies for builders to create whites-only suburbs; tax exemptions for institutions that enforced segregation; and support for violent resistance to African Americans in white neighborhoods. A groundbreaking, “virtually indispensable” study that has already transformed our understanding of twentieth-century urban history (Chicago Daily Observer), The Color of Law forces us to face the obligation to remedy our unconstitutional past.
Download or read book The Impacts of Racism and Bias on Black People Pursuing Careers in Science Engineering and Medicine written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-12-18 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the changing demographics of the nation and a growing appreciation for diversity and inclusion as drivers of excellence in science, engineering, and medicine, Black Americans are severely underrepresented in these fields. Racism and bias are significant reasons for this disparity, with detrimental implications on individuals, health care organizations, and the nation as a whole. The Roundtable on Black Men and Black Women in Science, Engineering, and Medicine was launched at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine in 2019 to identify key levers, drivers, and disruptors in government, industry, health care, and higher education where actions can have the most impact on increasing the participation of Black men and Black women in science, medicine, and engineering. On April 16, 2020, the Roundtable convened a workshop to explore the context for their work; to surface key issues and questions that the Roundtable should address in its initial phase; and to reach key stakeholders and constituents. This proceedings provides a record of the workshop.
Download or read book Measuring Racial Discrimination in American Housing Markets written by United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Office of Policy Development and Research. Division of Evaluation and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Public Housing and the Legacy of Segregation written by Margery Austin Turner and published by The Urban Insitute. This book was released on 2009 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the past two decades the United States has been transforming distressed public housing communities, with three ambitious goals: replace distressed developments with healthy mixed-income communities; help residents relocate to affordable housing, often in the private market; and empower former public housing families toward economic self-sufficiency. The transformation has focused on deconcentrating poverty, but not on the underlying role of racial segregation in creating these distressed communities. In Public Housing and the Legacy of Segregation, scholars and public housing officials assess whether--and how--public housing policies can simultaneously address the problems of poverty and race.
Download or read book Race for Profit written by Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LONGLISTED FOR THE 2019 NATIONAL BOOK AWARD FINALIST, 2020 PULITZER PRIZE IN HISTORY By the late 1960s and early 1970s, reeling from a wave of urban uprisings, politicians finally worked to end the practice of redlining. Reasoning that the turbulence could be calmed by turning Black city-dwellers into homeowners, they passed the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968, and set about establishing policies to induce mortgage lenders and the real estate industry to treat Black homebuyers equally. The disaster that ensued revealed that racist exclusion had not been eradicated, but rather transmuted into a new phenomenon of predatory inclusion. Race for Profit uncovers how exploitative real estate practices continued well after housing discrimination was banned. The same racist structures and individuals remained intact after redlining's end, and close relationships between regulators and the industry created incentives to ignore improprieties. Meanwhile, new policies meant to encourage low-income homeownership created new methods to exploit Black homeowners. The federal government guaranteed urban mortgages in an attempt to overcome resistance to lending to Black buyers – as if unprofitability, rather than racism, was the cause of housing segregation. Bankers, investors, and real estate agents took advantage of the perverse incentives, targeting the Black women most likely to fail to keep up their home payments and slip into foreclosure, multiplying their profits. As a result, by the end of the 1970s, the nation's first programs to encourage Black homeownership ended with tens of thousands of foreclosures in Black communities across the country. The push to uplift Black homeownership had descended into a goldmine for realtors and mortgage lenders, and a ready-made cudgel for the champions of deregulation to wield against government intervention of any kind. Narrating the story of a sea-change in housing policy and its dire impact on African Americans, Race for Profit reveals how the urban core was transformed into a new frontier of cynical extraction.
Download or read book We Gon Be Alright written by Jeff Chang and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In his most recent book, Who We Be, Jeff Chang looked at how art and culture effected massive social changes in American society. Since the book was published, the country has been gripped by waves of racial discord, most notably the protests in Ferguson, Missouri. In these highly relevant, powerful essays, Chang examines some of the most contentious issues in the current discussion of race and inequality. Built around a central essay looking at the rise of the Black Lives Matter movement and the events in Ferguson, Missouri, surrounding the death of Michael Brown, Chang questions the value of "the diversity discussion" in an era of increasing racial and economic segregation. He unpacks the return of student protest across the country and reveals how the debate over inclusion and free speech was presaged by similar protests in the 1980s and 1990s. The author of Can't Stop Won't Stop looks at how culture impacts our understanding of the politics of this polarized moment. Throughout these essays Chang includes the voices of many of the leading activists as he charts how popular voices on the ground and in social media have catalyzed the push for protest and change"--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Measuring Racial Discrimination in American Housing Markets written by United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Office of Policy Development and Research. Division of Evaluation and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Freedom to Discriminate written by Gene Slater and published by Heyday Books. This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Freedom to Discriminate uncovers realtors' definitive role in segregating America and shaping modern conservative thought"--
Download or read book Family Properties written by Beryl Satter and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2010-03-02 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part family story and part urban history, a landmark investigation of segregation and urban decay in Chicago -- and cities across the nation The "promised land" for thousands of Southern blacks, postwar Chicago quickly became the most segregated city in the North, the site of the nation's worst ghettos and the target of Martin Luther King Jr.'s first campaign beyond the South. In this powerful book, Beryl Satter identifies the true causes of the city's black slums and the ruin of urban neighborhoods throughout the country: not, as some have argued, black pathology, the culture of poverty, or white flight, but a widespread and institutionalized system of legal and financial exploitation. In Satter's riveting account of a city in crisis, unscrupulous lawyers, slumlords, and speculators are pitched against religious reformers, community organizers, and an impassioned attorney who launched a crusade against the profiteers—the author's father, Mark J. Satter. At the heart of the struggle stand the black migrants who, having left the South with its legacy of sharecropping, suddenly find themselves caught in a new kind of debt peonage. Satter shows the interlocking forces at work in their oppression: the discriminatory practices of the banking industry; the federal policies that created the country's shameful "dual housing market"; the economic anxieties that fueled white violence; and the tempting profits to be made by preying on the city's most vulnerable population. Family Properties: Race, Real Estate, and the Exploitation of Black Urban America is a monumental work of history, this tale of racism and real estate, politics and finance, will forever change our understanding of the forces that transformed urban America. "Gripping . . . This painstaking portrayal of the human costs of financial racism is the most important book yet written on the black freedom struggle in the urban North."—David Garrow, The Washington Post
Download or read book Fragile Rights Within Cities written by John Goering and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2007 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How fair are America's urban housing markets, and how effective is the government at ensuring open and diverse housing options for minority groups? To answer these questions, Fragile Rights Within Cities offers a current social science and policy examination of the understudied issue of equal opportunity trends and enforcement practices in housing. The contributors to this collection - who are among the country's major analysts of race and ethnicity, housing, and public policies - provide a rich, multi-disciplinary assessment of government programs aimed at enforcing one of America's hallmark civil rights laws. By evaluating roughly 40 years of civil rights education and enforcement within the nation's effort to promote fairness in housing markets, these experts provide a sense of possible policy options for the future.
Download or read book Housing and Race in Industrial Society written by David H. McKay and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-07-26 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comparative study of the relationship between civil rights law, housing and urban policy in Britain and the United States. It focuses on the ways in which governments have attempted to remove racial discrimination and disadvantage in private and public sector housing. The study, first published in 1977, does not simply consist of an account of administrative and judicial attempts to remove discrimination. A major concern is to place civil rights laws in their total political, economic and social environments. The book explains and compares the nature of racial residential change in both countries, and assesses the impact of civil rights law on existing patterns of discrimination and disadvantage. Other public policies, in particular housing and urban policies, are examined and their relationship to anti-discrimination measures is analysed. In explaining differences between the two countries, emphasis is placed on the role of government in urban society, the political economies of urban areas, and the social and political differences between minority groups. Finally, the study identifies the limits to effective civil rights law enforcement and provides some indication as to the policy alternatives open to decision-makers in the two countries.
Download or read book Measuring Housing Discrimination in a National Study written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002-04-14 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Federal law prohibits housing discrimination on the basis of seven protected classes including race. Despite 30 years of legal prohibition under the Fair Housing Act, however, there is evidence of continuing discrimination in American housing, as documented by several recent reports. In 1998, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) funded a $7.5 million independently conducted Housing Discrimination Survey (HDS) of racial and ethnic discrimination in housing rental, sales, and lending markets (Public Law 105-276). This survey is the third such effort sponsored by HUD. Its intent is to provide a detailed understanding of the patterns of discrimination in housing nationwide. In 1999, the Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT) of the National Research Council (NRC) was asked to review the research design and analysis plan for the 2000 HDS and to offer suggestions about appropriate sampling and analysis procedures. The review took the form of a workshop that addressed HUD's concerns about the adequacy of the sample design and analysis plan, as well as questions related to the measurement of various aspects of discrimination and issues that might bias the results obtained. The discussion also explored alternative methodologies and research needs. In addition to addressing methodological and substantive issues related specifically to the HDS, the workshop examined broader questions related to the measurement of discrimination.
Download or read book City of Segregation written by Andrea Gibbons and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A majestic one-hundred-year study of segregation in Los Angeles City of Segregation documents one hundred years of struggle against the enforced separation of racial groups through property markets, constructions of community, and the growth of neoliberalism. This movement history covers the decades of work to end legal support for segregation in 1948; the 1960s Civil Rights movement and CORE’s efforts to integrate LA’s white suburbs; and the 2006 victory preserving 10,000 downtown residential hotel units from gentrification enfolded within ongoing resistance to the criminalization and displacement of the homeless. Andrea Gibbons reveals the shape and nature of the racist ideology that must be fought, in Los Angeles and across the United States, if we hope to found just cities.
Download or read book The American Housing Question written by Randolph Hohle and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-10-20 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Housing Question reframes the question of affordable housing through the concepts of urban citizenship and racism. Randolph Hohle argues that when we consider who benefits from affordable housing, we end up with a complex story of inclusion and exclusion and of privilege and mobility centered around race and social class. Historically, affordable housing’s underlying logic was to create the conditions for white people to exercise the privilege of mobility. Affordable housing policy was first and foremost about granting white people the ability to live in racially-segregated neighborhoods within and across urban areas. When the beneficiaries of affordable housing policy were predominately white, the state proceeded with a comprehensive and multifaceted plan to supply housing, including public housing, subsidizing the construction of market rate housing, rental vouchers, and rent control. The white response to the Civil Rights era – the precursor to neoliberal urban policy – privatized public housing, switched the responsibility to provide affordable housing to the market, and created the conditions for the financialization of housing in the twenty-first century that have made housing unaffordable for everyone. As the author aptly demonstrates, solving America’s housing question means addressing both racism and revaluing the notion of the public.
Download or read book Equal Opportunity in Housing written by United States. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Library and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A World More Concrete written by N.D.B. Connolly and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-08-25 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people characterize urban renewal projects and the power of eminent domain as two of the most widely despised and often racist tools for reshaping American cities in the postwar period. In A World More Concrete, N. D. B. Connolly uses the history of South Florida to unearth an older and far more complex story. Connolly captures nearly eighty years of political and land transactions to reveal how real estate and redevelopment created and preserved metropolitan growth and racial peace under white supremacy. Using a materialist approach, he offers a long view of capitalism and the color line, following much of the money that made land taking and Jim Crow segregation profitable and preferred approaches to governing cities throughout the twentieth century. A World More Concrete argues that black and white landlords, entrepreneurs, and even liberal community leaders used tenements and repeated land dispossession to take advantage of the poor and generate remarkable wealth. Through a political culture built on real estate, South Florida’s landlords and homeowners advanced property rights and white property rights, especially, at the expense of more inclusive visions of equality. For black people and many of their white allies, uses of eminent domain helped to harden class and color lines. Yet, for many reformers, confiscating certain kinds of real estate through eminent domain also promised to help improve housing conditions, to undermine the neighborhood influence of powerful slumlords, and to open new opportunities for suburban life for black Floridians. Concerned more with winners and losers than with heroes and villains, A World More Concrete offers a sober assessment of money and power in Jim Crow America. It shows how negotiations between powerful real estate interests on both sides of the color line gave racial segregation a remarkable capacity to evolve, revealing property owners’ power to reshape American cities in ways that can still be seen and felt today.
Download or read book Segregation written by James H. Carr and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-04-18 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new imperative for equality / James H. Carr and Nandinee K. Kutty -- Origins of economic disparities : historical role of housing segregation / Douglas S. Massey -- From credit denial to predatory lending : the challenge of sustaining minority homeownership / Kathleen C. Engel and Patricia A. McCoy -- Housing and education : the inextricable link / Deborah McKoy and Jeffrey M. Vincent -- Residential segregation and employment inequality / Margery Austin Turner -- Impacts of housing and neighborhoods on health : pathways, racial/ethnic disparities, and policy directions / Dolores Acevedo-Garcia and Theresa L. Osypuk -- Neighborhood segregation, personal networks, and access to social resources / Rachel Garshick Kleit -- Continuing isolation : segregation in America today / Ingrid Gould Ellen -- Trends in the U.S. economy : the evolving role of minorities / Dean Baker and Heather Boushey -- The prospects and pitfalls of fair housing enforcement efforts / Gregory D. Squires -- Attaining a just (and economically secure) society / James H. Carr and Nandinee K. Kutty.
