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Book Racial Baggage

    Book Details:
  • Author : Sylvia Zamora
  • Publisher : Stanford University Press
  • Release : 2022-07-26
  • ISBN : 1503632253
  • Pages : 247 pages

Download or read book Racial Baggage written by Sylvia Zamora and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2022-07-26 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upon arrival to the United States, Mexican immigrants are racialized as simultaneously non-White and "illegal." This racialization process complicates notions of race that they bring with them, as the "pigmentocracy" of Mexican society, in which their skin color may have afforded them more privileges within their home country, collides with the American racial system. Racial Baggage examines how immigration reconfigures U.S. race relations, illuminating how the immigration experience can transform understandings of race in home and host countries. Drawing on interviews with Mexicans in Los Angeles and Guadalajara, sociologist Sylvia Zamora illustrates how racialization is a transnational process that not only changes immigrants themselves, but also everyday understandings of race and racism within the United States and Mexico. Within their communities and networks that span an international border, Zamora argues, immigrants come to define "race" in a way distinct from both the color-conscious hierarchy of Mexican society and the Black-White binary prevalent within the United States. In the process, their stories demonstrate how race is not static, but rather an evolving social phenomenon forever altered by immigration.

Book City Kids

    Book Details:
  • Author : Maria Kromidas
  • Publisher : Rutgers University Press
  • Release : 2016-11-03
  • ISBN : 0813584809
  • Pages : 196 pages

Download or read book City Kids written by Maria Kromidas and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cosmopolitanism—the genuine appreciation of cultural and racial diversity—is often associated with adult worldliness and sophistication. Yet, as this innovative new book suggests, children growing up in multicultural environments might be the most cosmopolitan group of all. City Kids profiles fifth-graders in one of New York City’s most diverse public schools, detailing how they collectively developed a sophisticated understanding of race that challenged many of the stereotypes, myths, and commonplaces they had learned from mainstream American culture. Anthropologist Maria Kromidas spent over a year interviewing and observing these young people both inside and outside the classroom, and she vividly relates their sometimes awkward, often playful attempts to bridge cultural rifts and reimagine racial categories. Kromidas looks at how children learned race in their interactions with each other and with teachers in five different areas—navigating urban space, building friendships, carrying out schoolwork, dealing with the school’s disciplinary policies, and enacting sexualities. The children’s interactions in these areas contested and reframed race. Even as Kromidas highlights the lively and quirky individuals within this super-diverse group of kids, she presents their communal ethos as a model for convivial living in multiracial settings. By analyzing practices within the classroom, school, and larger community, City Kids offers advice on how to nurture kids’ cosmopolitan tendencies, making it a valuable resource for educators, parents, and anyone else who is concerned with America’s deep racial divides. Kromidas not only examines how we can teach children about antiracism, but also considers what they might have to teach us.

Book White Privilege and Racism  Perceptions and Actions

Download or read book White Privilege and Racism Perceptions and Actions written by Carole L. Lund and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-19 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: White privilege is viewed by many as a birthright and is in essence an existentialist norm that is based upon the power and privilege of pigmentation. Because it is the norm for the white race, this privilege is virtually invisible, but its racist byproducts are not. It becomes common for white to believe falsely that their privilege was earned by hard work and intellectual superiority; it becomes the center of their worldview. The reality is that when they defend their pigmentary privilege, what they are really saying is that peoples of color have earned their disadvantage. This volume focuses on facilitating our understanding of the conceptual correlation between white privilege and racism and how these intertwined threads are manifested in selected areas of adult and continuing education practice. Chapters include: White Racist Ideology and the Myth of a Postracial Society The Nature of White Privilege in the Teaching and Training of Adults Racism and White Privilege in Adult Education Graduate Programs: Admissions, Retention, and Currcicula Whiteness at Work in Vocational Training in Australia White Privilege in Human Resource Development Immigration, Racial Profiling, and White Privilege: Community-Based Challenges and Practices for Adult Educators A Living Spiral of Understanding: Community-Based Adult Education The Intersections of White Privilege and Racism: Moving Forward Together the contributors have assembled a volume to ignite the much-needed discussion of linkages between the white racist ideology, white privilege, and white attitudes and behaviors behind that racism. This is the 125th volume of the Jossey-Bass higher education quarterly report series New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education. Noted for its depth of coverage, New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education is an indispensable series that explores issues of common interest to instructors, administrators, counselors, and policymakers in a broad range of adult and continuing education settings, such as colleges and universities, extension programs, businesses, libraries, and museums.

Book Fractured Hope

    Book Details:
  • Author : SIPHO MZOLO
  • Publisher : Trafford Publishing
  • Release : 2013-12-31
  • ISBN : 1490717269
  • Pages : 230 pages

Download or read book Fractured Hope written by SIPHO MZOLO and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2013-12-31 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sustainable development of a society becomes a responsibility not of the state but of the citizenry within a polity. They freely operationalise their citizenship freedom without any fear that they will be unfairly treatment by their government. Summary of reviews As always you are very direct and honest. Thank you for speaking to our issues Natasha Inspiring, uplifting and hopeful, Nomthandazo Well captured historical trip on memory lane, poignant and nostalgic Bongs What I like in the book is the upliftment programme, I cant wait to be involved Kefilwe This is pretty intense stuff, it must have been hectic for you guys Shaun

Book Interpreting Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites

Download or read book Interpreting Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites written by Kristin L. Gallas and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2014-12-23 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interpreting Slavery at Museums and Historic Sites aims to move the field forward in its collective conversation about the interpretation of slavery—acknowledging the criticism of the past and acting in the present to develop an inclusive interpretation of slavery. Presenting the history of slavery in a comprehensive and conscientious manner is difficult and requires diligence and compassion—for the history itself, for those telling the story, and for those hearing the stories—but it’s a necessary part of our collective narrative about our past, present, and future. This book features best practices for: Interpreting slavery across the country and for many people. The history of slavery, while traditionally interpreted primarily on southern plantations, is increasingly recognized as relevant at historic sites across the nation. It is also more than just an African-American/European-American story—it is relevant to the history of citizens of Latino, Caribbean, African and indigenous descent, as well. It is also pertinent to those descended from immigrants who arrived after slavery, whose stories are deeply intertwined with the legacy of slavery and its aftermath. Developing support within an institution for the interpretation of slavery. Many institutions are reticent to approach such a potentially volatile subject, so this book examines how proponents at several sites, including Monticello and Mount Vernon, were able to make a strong case to their constituents. Training interpreters in not only a depth of knowledge of the subject but also the confidence to speak on this controversial issue in public and the compassion to handle such a sensitive historical issue. The book will be accessible and of interest for professionals at all levels in the public history field, as well as students at the undergraduate and graduate levels in museum studies and public history programs.

Book The Paradoxes of Indian American Complicity

Download or read book The Paradoxes of Indian American Complicity written by Kavitha Koshy and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-10-17 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Paradoxes of Indian American Complicity: On the Racial Sidelines, Kavitha Koshy offers a timely exploration of Indian immigrant racialization at the turn of the twenty-first century. This book is a call to action for an anti-racist, decolonial practice among differentially racialized peoples. The findings of the research uncover the paradoxes of claiming deracialized, neoliberal identities, while engaging in racial contestation, benefiting from selective immigration while occupying a racialized-human capital-labor "slot" in global capitalism, and experiencing "racialized otherness" through everyday racism, despite proximity to whiteness. Koshy develops a typology of Indian immigrant racialized subjectivity amid anti-Blackness, whiteness, caste-ness, Islamophobia, "forever foreignness," and neoliberal logic.

Book Race and Reunion

    Book Details:
  • Author : David W. BLIGHT
  • Publisher : Harvard University Press
  • Release : 2009-06-30
  • ISBN : 0674022092
  • Pages : 525 pages

Download or read book Race and Reunion written by David W. BLIGHT and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No historical event has left as deep an imprint on America's collective memory as the Civil War. In the war's aftermath, Americans had to embrace and cast off a traumatic past. David Blight explores the perilous path of remembering and forgetting, and reveals its tragic costs to race relations and America's national reunion.

Book The Presidency and the Politics of Racial Inequality

Download or read book The Presidency and the Politics of Racial Inequality written by Russell Lowell Riley and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. occupation of Japan transformed a brutal war charged with overt racism into an amicable peace in which the issue of race seemed to have disappeared. During the Occupation, the problem of racial relations between Americans and Japanese was suppressed and the mutual racism transformed into something of a taboo so that the two former enemies could collaborate in creating democracy in postwar Japan. In the 1980s, however, when Japan increased its investment in the American market, the world witnessed a revival of the rhetoric of U.S.-Japanese racial confrontation. Koshiro argues that this perceived economic aggression awoke the dormant racism that lay beneath the deceptively smooth cooperation between the two cultures. This pathbreaking study is the first to explore the issue of racism in U.S.-Japanese relations. With access to unexplored sources in both Japanese and English, Koshiro is able to create a truly international and cross-cultural study of history and international relations.

Book Underground Codes

Download or read book Underground Codes written by Katheryn Russell-Brown and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2004-02 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans fear crime, are rattled by race and avoid honest discussions of both.

Book More Courageous Conversations About Race

Download or read book More Courageous Conversations About Race written by Glenn E. Singleton and published by Corwin Press. This book was released on 2012-10-03 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use courageous conversations to build racial equity in your schools and districts! Since the highly acclaimed Courageous Conversations About Race offered educators a framework and tools for promoting racial equity, many schools have implemented the Courageous Conversations Protocol. Now, author Glenn Singleton shares the challenges that have often led to random acts of equity and pockets of excellence rather than systemic transformation. In a book that′s rich with anecdote, Singleton celebrates the successes, outlines the difficulties, and provides specific strategies for moving Courageous Conversations from racial equity theory to practice at every level, from classroom to the school superintendent′s office. Voices From the Inside narratives, written by champions of racial equity, offer moving illustrations of personal, professional, and organizational transformations. Here′s the MORE in More Courageous Conversations About Race: Examines the knowing-doing gap and suggests ways to transform your passion for racial equity into a powerful purpose that can transform our nation′s schools and classrooms. Demonstrates the positive outcomes for students and their schools when educators have the will, the skill, and the knowledge to sustain courageous conversations about race. Shows how the social and political climate provides increasing challenges to ensuring that underserved students get the educational opportunities they need to succeed. Explicitly embraces other people of color in the drive for racial equity and illustrates how the Courageous Conversations Protocol can be applied to their circumstances. Offers specific advice for engaging leaders beyond the school house door—district staff, superintendents, school boards, and local community leaders—and underscores the importance of their contributions. If you are committed to exercising leadership on behalf of all students, and especially underserved students of color, More Courageous Conversations About Race provides insight and inspiration for achieving your racial equity purpose.

Book Black Ethnics

    Book Details:
  • Author : Christina M. Greer
  • Publisher : Oxford University Press
  • Release : 2013-06-27
  • ISBN : 0199989303
  • Pages : 225 pages

Download or read book Black Ethnics written by Christina M. Greer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-27 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an age where racial and ethnic identity intersect, intertwine, and interact in increasingly complex ways, Black Ethnics: Race, Immigration, and the Pursuit of the American Dream offers a superb and rigorous analysis of black politics and coalitions in the post-Civil Rights era. Using an original survey of a New York City labor population and multiple national data sources, author Christina M. Greer explores the political significance of ethnicity for new immigrant and native-born blacks. Black Ethnics concludes that racial and ethnic identities affect the ways in which black ethnic groups conceptualize their possibilities for advancement and placement within the American polity. The ethnic and racial dual identity for blacks leads to significant distinctions in political behavior, feelings of incorporation, and policy choices in ways not previously theorized. The steady immigration of black populations from Africa and the Caribbean over the past few decades has fundamentally changed the racial, ethnic, and political landscape in the U.S. An important question for social scientists is how these 'new' blacks will behave politically in the US. Should we expect new black immigrants to orient themselves to politics in the same manner as native Blacks? Will the different histories of the new immigrants and native-born blacks lead to different political orientations and behavior, and perhaps to political tensions and conflict among black ethnic groups residing in America? And to what extent will this new population fracture the black coalition inside of the Democratic party? With increases in immigration of black ethnic populations in the U.S., the political, social, and economic integration processes of black immigrants does not completely echo that of native-born American blacks. The emergent complexity of black intra-racial identity and negotiations within the American polity raise new questions about black political incorporation, assimilation, acceptance, and fulfillment of the American Dream. By comparing Afro-Caribbean and African groups to native-born blacks, this book develops a more nuanced and accurate understanding of the 'new black America' in the twenty-first century. Lastly, Black Ethnics explores how foreign-born blacks create new ways of defining and understanding black politics and coalitions in the post-Civil Rights era.

Book Philosophy and the Mixed Race Experience

Download or read book Philosophy and the Mixed Race Experience written by Tina Fernandes Botts and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophy and the Mixed Race Experience is a collection of essays by philosophers about the mixed race experience. Each essay is meant to represent one of three possible things: (1) what the philosopher sees as the philosopher’s best work, (2) evidence of the possible impact of the philosopher’s mixed race experience on the philosopher’s work, or (3) the philosopher’s philosophical take on the mixed race experience. The book has two primary goals: (1) to collect together for the first time the work of professional, academic philosophers who have had the mixed race experience, and (2) to bring these essays together for the purpose of adding to the conversation on the question of the degree to which factical identity and philosophical work may be related. The book also examines the possible relationship between the mixed race experience and certain philosophical positions.

Book Race  Rights  and the Asian American Experience

Download or read book Race Rights and the Asian American Experience written by Angelo N Ancheta and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-16 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Race, Rights, and the Asian American Experience, Angelo N. Ancheta demonstrates how United States civil rights laws have been framed by a black-white model of race that typically ignores the experiences of other groups, including Asian Americans. When racial discourse is limited to antagonisms between black and white, Asian Americans often find themselves in a racial limbo, marginalized or unrecognized as full participants. Ancheta examines legal and social theories of racial discrimination, ethnic differences in the Asian American population, nativism, citizenship, language, school desegregation, and affirmative action. In the revised edition of this influential book, Ancheta also covers post-9/11 anti-Asian sentiment and racial profiling. He analyzes recent legal cases involving political empowerment, language rights, human trafficking, immigrant rights, and affirmative action in higher education-many of which move the country farther away from the ideals of racial justice. On a more positive note, he reports on the progress Asian Americans have made in the corporate sector, politics, the military, entertainment, and academia. A skillful mixture of legal theories, court cases, historical events, and personal insights, this revised edition brings fresh insights to U.S. civil rights from an Asian American perspective.

Book Trayvon Martin  Race  and American Justice

Download or read book Trayvon Martin Race and American Justice written by Kenneth J. Fasching-Varner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-04 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trayvon Martin, Race, and “American Justice”: Writing Wrong is the first comprehensive text to analyze not only the killing of Trayvon Martin, but the implications of this event for the state of race in the United States. Bringing together contributions from a variety of disciplines and approaches, this text pushes readers to answer the question: “In the wake of the killing of Trayvon Martin, and the acquittal of his killer, how post-racial can we claim to be?” This collection of short and powerful chapters is at times angering and at times hopeful, but always thought provoking, critical, and poignant. This interdisciplinary volume is well suited for undergraduate and graduate students as well as faculty in sociology, social work, law, communication, and education. This book can also be read by anyone interested in social justice and equity through the lens of race in the 21st century. “This text is an invitation to a rebellion—the inevitable insurgency of Black youth brewing right now across the land as the descendants of enslaved workers step up to exercise their agency, and at that moment become agents of liberty and actors in history.” – William Ayers, Distinguished Professor from the University of Illinois–Chicago “... the authors [...] offer incisive and vivid examinations of the contours of white supremacy today, inviting readers into a much-needed discussion of moral questions surrounding the very foundation life in the U.S.” – Christine Sleeter, Professor Emerita, California State University Monterey “Trayvon Martin, Race, and American Justice: Writing Wrong is a powerful assemblage of voices that speak to the salience of race, gender, and their intersection. Collectively, the authors provide us with poignant reminders of the multiple forces that rail against Black males in our society. Each chapter grabs our attention, ignites our activism, and encourages us to remain steadfast in the struggle toward a true democracy for all Americans – a society where Black males’ lives are valued and they no longer face daily threats to their humanity.” – Yolanda Sealey-Ruiz, Assistant Professor, Teachers College, Columbia University “While motivated by Trayvon Martin’s unfortunate and tragic death, this impressive collection serves as a one-of-a-kind tribute to Martin and will help to keep his legacy alive. The contributions are evocative and accessible, and while the focus is on Martin, the contributions also call attention to mundane, severe, and systemic racial wrongdoings, biases in existing research, colorblindness and white privilege, and erasures of history and failures of memory.” – Tony E. Adams, Professor at Northeastern Illinois University and NCA book award winner “The editors and contributors have taken a tragic topic and presented it in a way that is engaging, effective, and surprisingly optimistic. There is a style for everyone here, making it a great text for multiple audiences and classrooms. A truly superb addition to any classroom and a great read for those interested in social justice in today’s world.” – U. Melissa Anyiwo, Professor and Coordinator of African American Studies, Curry College “Trayvon Martin, Race, and American Justice: Writing Wrong is true to its title; it focuses attention—through critical writing—on the pernicious, pervasive, and persistent violence waged against black men, especially black male youth, in American society. Using the still unpunished pre-meditated murder of Trayvon Martin as a highly emblematic example of this violence, the editors and authors use carefully crafted and sequenced poetry and prose to write truth to power about the economic, political, social, and cultural factors that produce and reproduce systemic aggression toward especially men and boys of African descent, but also toward members of other societally minoritized groups. The breadth and depth of the contributions included in Trayvon Martin, Race, and American Justice: Writing Wrong makes it a particularly valuable resource for faculty and students engaged in teaching, learning, research, service, and activism related to issues of race, racism, blackness, whiteness, class, caste, classism, language, dialect, literacy, linguicism, geographic and national origin, immigration status, sex, gender, gender identity and expression, masculinity, sexual orientation, size, appearance, and, more broadly, equity, equality, and social justice. Chapters reflect the thoughtful insight and advanced expertise of their authors, who bring increased levels of complexity to historical and contemporary dialogue, discussion, and debate about especially race and racism in the United States. The editors’ selection of contributors and organization of contributions balances pain truth-telling with hope and possibility for a more just future. In sum, Trayvon Martin, Race, and American Justice: Writing Wrong reciprocally links theory and practice relating to issues of power, privilege, oppression, discrimination—and liberation.” – Christine Clark, Professor & Senior Scholar in Multicultural Education, and Founding Vice President for Diversity and Inclusion, University of Nevada, Las Vegas “Chapters in this timely and probing book stare straight at a difficult incident, refuse to ignore injustice, but call on a higher purpose of great academic criticism in “writing the wrong.” Here the wrong is the corrosive and sometimes lethal bias by many in power toward black males, who are too often seen as dangerous and disposable in American society. The killing of Trayvon Martin and the subsequent acquittal of his killer George Zimmerman are examined by minds informed by reflection on theory and history. We hear of conversations that black parents, particularly mothers who often felt on trial themselves, had with their teenage sons. Some of these endangered sons were outraged by the act and verdict, while some others were indifferent. Chapters are devoted to the incident, the trial and aftermath, and to the future of the struggle against racial injustice. Through what T. J. Yosso calls “resistant capital” we are urged to continue to interrogate a judicial system that prosecutes not only black males but their parents and families. There is much to learn here about the current state of social justice and the way we live with and among each other. In both prose and poetry these impassioned authors strive to write the wrong of Trayvon Martin and many others like him. I recommend this volume highly and will use it in my graduate classes.” – AG Rud, Distinguished Professor, College of Education, Washington State University Kenneth J. Fasching-Varner, PhD is Shirley B. Barton Endowed Assistant Professor of Foundations and Elementary Education and holds a Ph.D in Language, Literacy, and Culture from The Ohio State University. Rema E. Reynolds, PhD is Assistant Professor of Education Policy, Organization, and Leadership and holds a doctorate in Education from the University of California, Los Angeles. Katrice A. Albert, PhD is Vice President for Equity and Diversity and holds a doctorate in Counseling from Auburn University. Lori L. Martin, PhD is Associate Professor of Sociology and African American Studies and holds a doctorate in Sociology from University of Albany, State University of New York.

Book Some of My Best Friends Are Black

Download or read book Some of My Best Friends Are Black written by Tanner Colby and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2013-07-30 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An irreverent, yet powerful exploration of race relations by the New York Times-bestselling author of The Chris Farley Show Frank, funny, and incisive, Some of My Best Friends Are Black offers a profoundly honest portrait of race in America. In a book that is part reportage, part history, part social commentary, Tanner Colby explores why the civil rights movement ultimately produced such little true integration in schools, neighborhoods, offices, and churches—the very places where social change needed to unfold. Weaving together the personal, intimate stories of everyday people—black and white—Colby reveals the strange, sordid history of what was supposed to be the end of Jim Crow, but turned out to be more of the same with no name. He shows us how far we have come in our journey to leave mistrust and anger behind—and how far all of us have left to go.

Book  I m Not a Racist  But

    Book Details:
  • Author : Lawrence Blum
  • Publisher : Cornell University Press
  • Release : 2015-06-08
  • ISBN : 1501701959
  • Pages : 272 pages

Download or read book I m Not a Racist But written by Lawrence Blum and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not all racial incidents are racist incidents, Lawrence Blum says. "We need a more varied and nuanced moral vocabulary for talking about the arena of race. We should not be faced with a choice of 'racism' or nothing." Use of the word "racism" is pervasive: An article about the NAACP's criticism of television networks for casting too few "minority" actors in lead roles asks, "Is television a racist institution?" A white girl in Virginia says it is racist for her African-American teacher to wear African attire. Blum argues that a growing tendency to castigate as "racism" everything that goes wrong in the racial domain reduces the term's power to evoke moral outrage. In "I'm Not a Racist, But . . .", Blum develops a historically grounded account of racism as the deeply morally-charged notion it has become. He addresses the question whether people of color can be racist, defines types of racism, and identifies debased and inappropriate usages of the term. Though racial insensitivity, racial anxiety, racial ignorance and racial injustice are, in his view, not "racism," they are racial ills that should elicit moral concern. Blum argues that "race" itself, even when not serving distinct racial malfeasance, is a morally destructive idea, implying moral distance and unequal worth. History and genetic science reveal both the avoidability and the falsity of the idea of race. Blum argues that we can give up the idea of race, but must recognize that racial groups' historical and social experience has been shaped by having been treated as if they were races.

Book Mapping the World Differently

Download or read book Mapping the World Differently written by Maria Christina Ramos and published by Universitat de València. This book was released on 2017-07-26 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the rich collection of travel writing about Spain by twentieth-century African American writers as Claude McKay, Langston Hughes, Richard Wright, and Frank Verby, surveying the ways in which such authors perceive Spain's place in the world. From the vantage point of Spain, these African American writers create transformative literary maps of the world that invite readers to reconsider their relations to others.