Download or read book Evidence of Trends Risk Factors and Intervention Strategies written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals of Healthy Start are to improve the quality of the local perinatal system of care, to enhance the cultural competence of providers who work within the system, and to improve women's access to the system of care. These objectives are accomplished through outreach, health education, case management, and enhanced community collaboration within the local perinatal health system. The activities of the Healthy Start program are designed to encourage pregnant and interconceptional women, providers, and other community stakeholders to address the risk factors associated with poor perinatal health outcomes. In this paper, an evidence base is provided to support the targeted interventions implemented by the national Healthy Start program and other perinatal health initiatives to reduce racial/ethnic disparities in birth outcomes.
Download or read book Race Ethnicity and Infant Mortality written by Isaac W. Eberstein and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper addresses racial/ethnic differentials in infant mortality in the US. The primary purpose of the paper is not to document these differentials, which are well known, but to review a series of risk factors in the context of a broader frame of reference which might be useful in understanding why these differentials persist. Following a description of current differentials, overall and specific to birthweight, literature concerning a range of risk factors is reviewed and illustrative data are provided. Risk factors are grouped into three categories: the social context of particular minorities, individual social and economic background characteristics, and particular medical and health circumstances immediately affecting infant health and survival. In the process of considering each mortality determinant, particular social, cultural, and biological hypotheses for racial/ethnic infant mortality differentials are examined where applicable. The conclusion of the review is that increased attention is necessary to the unique historical, cultural, and socioeconomic characteristics of minority groups in order to understand the relationships between specific risk factors and infant survival.
Download or read book Children of Immigrants written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-11-12 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immigrant children and youth are the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population, and so their prospects bear heavily on the well-being of the country. Children of Immigrants represents some of the very best and most extensive research efforts to date on the circumstances, health, and development of children in immigrant families and the delivery of health and social services to these children and their families. This book presents new, detailed analyses of more than a dozen existing datasets that constitute a large share of the national system for monitoring the health and well-being of the U.S. population. Prior to these new analyses, few of these datasets had been used to assess the circumstances of children in immigrant families. The analyses enormously expand the available knowledge about the physical and mental health status and risk behaviors, educational experiences and outcomes, and socioeconomic and demographic circumstances of first- and second-generation immigrant children, compared with children with U.S.-born parents.
Download or read book Defining Infants Race and Ethnicity in a Study of Very Low Birthweight Infants written by Donna Farley and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of racial and ethnic differentials in birth outcomes require accurate identification of the race and ethnicity of infants in the study samples. This research was part of a study that uses California Birth Cohort data to investigate racial and ethnic differences in mortality and health care costs for infants weighing less than 1,500 grams when born. The research evaluates five alternative methods for coding infants’ race and ethnicity using birth certificate information on the parents’ backgrounds. The coding rules differ in how they code infants with parents of different racial or ethnic backgrounds. The rules were found to yield similar measures of infant’s race and ethnicity and infant mortality because all but a relatively small fraction of parents were of the same background. Changes over time in parents’ self-reports of ethnicity and in coding rules were found to be important analytic issues.
Download or read book Infant Mortality Birthweight and Race ethnicity written by New Mexico. Public Health Division and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Race ethnicity Differentials in U S Infant Mortality written by Jennifer A. Stoloff and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effect on Mortality Rates of the 1989 Change in Tabulating Race written by Donna L. Hoyert and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Infant Death Rates by Race ethnicity California Birth Cohorts written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Eliminating Health Disparities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-08-09 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disparities in health and health care across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic backgrounds in the United States are well documented. The reasons for these disparities are, however, not well understood. Current data available on race, ethnicity, SEP, and accumulation and language use are severely limited. The report examines data collection and reporting systems relating to the collection of data on race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic position and offers recommendations.
Download or read book Understanding Racial and Ethnic Disparities in U S Infant Mortality Rates written by Marian F. MacDorman and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines racial and ethnic disparities in infant mortality rates in the United States. Disparities in infant mortality have been apparent since data began to be collected more than 100 years ago, and have persisted and even increased over time, suggesting that not all racial and ethnic groups have benefited equally from social and medical advances. The report presents infant mortality rates for 2007, and examines the high mortality rates for infants from non-Hispanic black, American Indian or Alaska Native, and Puerto Rican backgrounds. It also analyses two key components of infant mortality: gestational age-specific infant mortality rates, and the distribution of births by gestational age. Differences by cause of death are also examined.
Download or read book Risk of Infant Mortality by Race ethnicity Among Preterm Infants at Different Gestational Ages written by Julia C. Dettinger and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Preterm infants born at earlier gestational ages are at greater risk for mortality compared to late-preterm or term infants. There is a strong association between infant mortality and an infant's race/ethnicity at all gestational ages. This study assessed infant mortality relative to race/ethnicity among preterm infants in three gestational age groups. A secondary analysis evaluated mortality by race/ethnicity relative to the timing of death (neonatal vs. post-neonatal mortality). Methods: Washington State linked Birth and Death Certificates for infants born between 1984 and 2009 were used to identify cases, defined as live-born infants who died within the first 364 days, and controls, defined as infants who did not die in the first year. Controls were matched to cases on gestational age and year of birth. Subjects were stratified by gestational age at birth into three groups: 24-27 weeks, 28-32 weeks, and 33-36 weeks. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios for mortality by race/ethnicity within each gestational age group. Results: Among infants born at 24-27 weeks and 28-32 weeks, Black infants were less likely to die in the first year compared to White infants (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.86 and OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.91 respectively). Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander infants born at 33-36 weeks were less likely to experience infant mortality compared with White infants (OR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.91 and OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.91, respectively). Evaluation of timing of death indicated that Black infants born at 24-27 weeks were more likely to experience post-neonatal mortality relative to neonatal mortality, compared with White infants in that gestational age range (OR: 2.15, 95% CI: 1.46, 3.17). Hispanic infants born at 33-36 weeks were less likely to experience post-neonatal mortality relative to neonatal mortality compared with White infants (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 037, 0.87). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that interventions to prevent infant mortality among preterm infants must consider both the gestational age at birth and the race/ethnicity of the infant. Infants at increased risk of post-neonatal mortality require continued support and services following hospital discharge.
Download or read book Infant mortality differentials by mother s marital status and race ethnicity written by Eve Powell-Griner and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report of the Secretary s Task Force on Black Minority Health Infant mortality and low birthweight written by United States. Department of Health and Human Services. Task Force on Black and Minority Health and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-16 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good-or equally poor-health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations. Selection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.
Download or read book Neighborhood Level Disadvantage Race ethnicity and Infant Mortality in Washington DC written by Ndidiamaka Nneoma Amutah and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book Babylost written by Monica J. Casper and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. infant mortality rate is among the highest in the industrialized world, and Black babies are far more likely than white babies to die in their first year of life. Maternal mortality rates are also very high. The tragedy is twofold: it is undoubtedly tragic that babies die in their first year of life, and it is both tragic and unacceptable that most of these deaths are preventable. Babylost tracks social and cultural dimensions of infant death through 26 alphabetical entries, from Absence to ZIP Code. It centers women's loss and grief, while also drawing attention to dimensions of infant death often left unexamined.
