Download or read book R gulation de l inflammation au cours des phases pr coces des infections VIH 1 SIV chez les progresseurs lents ou non progresseurs written by Anne-Sophie Liovat and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: La progression vers le SIDA est attribuée à une activation immunitaire chronique. L'étude de l'infection par le virus de l'immunodéficience simienne (SIV) pathogène chez le Macaque (Mac) et non pathogène chez le singe vert d'Afrique (AGM), a montré une inflammation plus modérée chez l'AGM que chez le Mac en phase aiguë. Nous avons émis l'hypothèse que les niveaux d'inflammation lors de la phase aiguë d'une infection VIH-1 (PHI) sont prédictifs du profil de progression vers le SIDA. Nous avons alors étudié: (i) les niveaux d'inflammation en PHI selon le profil de progression vers le SIDA, (ii) la capacité du TGF-(31 à moduler l'inflammation en PHI, (iii) les déterminants viraux et de l'hôte impliqués dans les niveaux de production cytokinique chez l'AGM. La quantification de 29 cytokines plasmatiques chez 46 patients a montré que les concentrations de MCP-1 et IP-10 en PHI prédisent respectivement une progression lente et rapide vers le SIDA. Les patients en PHI étaient capables de répondre normalement au TGF-|31. Au contraire, des niveaux élevés de TGF-pl étaient prédictifs d'une activation immunitaire élevée. Chez l'AGM, nous avons aussi détecté une augmentation plasmatique d'IP-10 et MCP-1 en primo-infection. Toutefois, contrairement aux patients, elle n'était que transitoire, et le TGF-pl n'était pas augmenté. La stimulation par des SIV autologues in vitro conduisait à la production d'IFN-a à des taux similaires chez l'AGM et le Mac sains et chroniquement infectés. Il n'y a donc pas de défaut intrinsèque de production d'IFN-a chez l'AGM. Nos données révèlent de nouveaux biomarqueurs et suggèrent l'existence d'un mécanisme de contrôle de l'inflammation chez l'AGM in vivo.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of AIDS written by Thomas J. Hope and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Biohydrogen written by Kuan-Yeow Show and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-06-11 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In combating global warming and other environmental issues over the use of fossil fuels, extensive research has been focusing on developing hydrogen production from biological processes. Biohydrogen is considered a promising future biofuel because of its intrinsic clean and high-energy content properties and the way it is produced. In addition to being produced through environmentally friendly biological means, its conversion to energy yields only pure water, which is an ideal energy carrier in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Unlike other well-developed biofuels such as bioethanol and biodiesel, biohydrogen production is still in the early stage of development. A variety of technologies are being developed for biohydrogen production. This chapter presents a review of the state-of-the-art and perspectives of bioprocess design for biohydrogen production research in the context of pathways, microorganisms, metabolic flux analysis, process design, and reactor system. Challenges and prospects of biohydrogen production are also outlined.

Download or read book Marine Bioenergy written by Se-Kwon Kim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Bioenergy: Trends and Developments features the latest findings of leading scientists from around the world. Addressing the key aspects of marine bioenergy, this state-of-the-art text:Offers an introduction to marine bioenergyExplores marine algae as a source of bioenergyDescribes biotechnological techniques for biofuel productionExplains th

Download or read book Microbial BioEnergy Hydrogen Production written by Davide Zannoni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central theme of this book “Microbial BioEnergy: Hydrogen Production” is focused on the biological machinery that microorganisms use to produce hydrogen gas. The book summarizes the achievements over the past decade in the biochemistry, structural and molecular biology, genomics and applied aspects of microbial H2-production, including microbial fuel cells (MFC), by phototrophs such as purple sulfur and non-sulfur bacteria (Thiocapsa spp., Rhodobacter and Rhodopseudomonas spp.) microalgae (Chlamydomonas) and cyanobacteria (Anabaena spp.) along with anaerobes and thermophiles such as Caldicellulosiruptor and Thermotoga. This is the first book of this series entirely devoted to microbial bio-hydrogen production and is intended to be a precious source of information for PhD students, researchers and undergraduates from disciplines such as microbiology, biochemistry, biotechnology, photochemistry and chemical engineering, interested in basic and applied sciences.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Human Biology written by Renato Dulbecco and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1997-09-25 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Human Biology, Second Edition provides complete coverage of the vast subject area of human biology--no other reference work available offers such a detailed and comprehensive treatment of the subject. Including more than 670 articles in 37 different biological fields, this fully revised edition features one of the most renowned editorial Advisory Boards ever assembled. The Second Edition offers more than 75% new, updated, and revised content including approximately 150 new articles. In keeping with the first editions high standards, all articles have been subjected to rigorous peer review to ensure consistent presentation of the highest quality. Unlike other encyclopedias which use numerous fragmented entries to treat a subject, the Encyclopedia examines each subject in individual, cohesive articles. Arranged alphabetically for easy access, each article--about ten pages in length-contains a brief outline, glossary of unusual terms, a short concise definition of the subject, an in-depth development of the topic, recent bibliography, extensive cross references to other articles in the Encyclopedia, and tables and illustrations including more than 100 color plates. The Encyclopedia of Human Biology is already an important part of the collection of more than 2000 reference libraries. This Second Edition provides even greater value to the reader with its enlarged scope and updated content. It offers: Practicing scientists in all settings an up-to-date, authoritative, and reliable resource for preparing grant proposals, research papers, and background information on important, wide-ranging biological topics; College preparatory, undergraduate, and graduate students a one-stop source that will assist them with their course work, term papers, and dissertations; Researchers working in peripheral areas a concise explanation of the key issues and background reading suggestions in a given area; Educated general readers a broad spectrum of accurate, current information on all aspects of human biology. Second Edition of a highly regarded and widely used work originally published in 1991 All articles from the First Edition reviewed and updated for this Second Edition Articles provide coverage of 37 different subject areas Nine-volume set, including a separate index volume published simultaneously Approximately 7000 pages 673 full-length articles with cross references Articles written by more than 700 eminent contributors from around the world Renowned Editorial Board including several Nobel Laureates Thematic Table of Contents 5000 glossary entries explain key terms Further reading lists at the end of each entry, more than 4000 references in all Easy to read double-column format, large 8-1/2"x 11" page size More than 3000 figures and tables complement the text, including more than 100 color plates Entries arranged alphabetically for easy access More than 100 completely new topics added for this edition, including: AIDS Infectious Complications Cancer Prevention Cell Cycle Gene Targeting Techniques Lyme Disease In Vitro Fertilization Polymerase Chain Reaction Prions Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis) Tumor Suppressor Genes