Download or read book War and Punishment written by H. E. Goemans and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-06 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What makes wars drag on and why do they end when they do? Here H. E. Goemans brings theoretical rigor and empirical depth to a long-standing question of securities studies. He explores how various government leaders assess the cost of war in terms of domestic politics and their own postwar fates. Goemans first develops the argument that two sides will wage war until both gain sufficient knowledge of the other's strengths and weaknesses so as to agree on the probable outcome of continued war. Yet the incentives that motivate leaders to then terminate war, Goemans maintains, can vary greatly depending on the type of government they represent. The author looks at democracies, dictatorships, and mixed regimes and compares the willingness among leaders to back out of wars or risk the costs of continued warfare. Democracies, according to Goemans, will prefer to withdraw quickly from a war they are not winning in order to appease the populace. Autocracies will do likewise so as not to be overthrown by their internal enemies. Mixed regimes, which are made up of several competing groups and which exclude a substantial proportion of the people from access to power, will likely see little risk in continuing a losing war in the hope of turning the tide. Goemans explores the conditions and the reasoning behind this "gamble for resurrection" as well as other strategies, using rational choice theory, statistical analysis, and detailed case studies of Germany, Britain, France, and Russia during World War I. In so doing, he offers a new perspective of the Great War that integrates domestic politics, international politics, and battlefield developments.

Download or read book A Scrap of Paper written by Isabel V. Hull and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-16 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In A Scrap of Paper, Isabel V. Hull compares wartime decision making in Germany, Great Britain, and France, weighing the impact of legal considerations in each. She demonstrates how differences in state structures and legal traditions shaped the way the three belligerents fought the war. Hull focuses on seven cases: Belgian neutrality, the land war in the west, the occupation of enemy territory, the blockade, unrestricted submarine warfare, the introduction of new weaponry, and reprisals. A Scrap of Paper reconstructs the debates over military decision-making and clarifies the role law played—where it constrained action, where it was manipulated, where it was ignored, and how it developed in combat—in each case. A Scrap of Paper is a passionate defense of the role that the law must play to govern interstate relations in both peace and war.

Download or read book Absolute Destruction written by Isabel V. Hull and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-14 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a book that is at once a major contribution to modern European history and a cautionary tale for today, Isabel V. Hull argues that the routines and practices of the Imperial German Army, unchecked by effective civilian institutions, increasingly sought the absolute destruction of its enemies as the only guarantee of the nation's security. So deeply embedded were the assumptions and procedures of this distinctively German military culture that the Army, in its drive to annihilate the enemy military, did not shrink from the utter destruction of civilian property and lives. Carried to its extreme, the logic of "military necessity" found real security only in extremities of destruction, in the "silence of the graveyard." Hull begins with a dramatic account, based on fresh archival work, of the German Army's slide from administrative murder to genocide in German Southwest Africa (1904-7). The author then moves back to 1870 and the war that inaugurated the Imperial era in German history, and analyzes the genesis and nature of this specifically German military culture and its operations in colonial warfare. In the First World War the routines perfected in the colonies were visited upon European populations. Hull focuses on one set of cases (Belgium and northern France) in which the transition to total destruction was checked (if barely) and on another (Armenia) in which "military necessity" caused Germany to accept its ally's genocidal policies even after these became militarily counterproductive. She then turns to the Endkampf (1918), the German General Staff's plan to achieve victory in the Great War even if the homeland were destroyed in the process-a seemingly insane campaign that completes the logic of this deeply institutionalized set of military routines and practices. Hull concludes by speculating on the role of this distinctive military culture in National Socialism's military and racial policies. Absolute Destruction has serious implications for the nature of warmaking in any modern power. At its heart is a warning about the blindness of bureaucratic routines, especially when those bureaucracies command the instruments of mass death.

Download or read book The Entourage of Kaiser Wilhelm II 1888 1918 written by Isabel V. Hull and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-08 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume analyzes the entourage of the last German Kaiser to explain the peculiar decisions taken by Germany's leaders from 1888 to 1918.

Download or read book German Socialism and Weimar Democracy written by Richard Breitman and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first analysis in English of the relationship of the German Social Democratic party to the Weimar Republic, Breitman stresses the party's conflicting loyalties to both Marxist traditions and democratic principles. He explains how and why an evolutionary socialist strategy failed to promote or to prevent the rise of Nazism. The non socialist parties showed no interest in meeting the SPD halfway, and there was internal dissent over coalition with other parties. Originally published in 1981. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.

Download or read book Germany s Empire in the East written by David Hamlin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-07-03 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collapse of political and economic order in World War One prompted Germany to turn to empire in Eastern Europe.

Download or read book On Socialists and the Jewish Question After Marx written by Jack Jacobs and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This work explores the attitudes and ideologies of the late nineteenth and early twentieth century Marxist and social democratic intellectuals toward Zionism, anti-Semitism, Jewish socialist movements, and the nature and future of Jewry."-- publisher description.

Download or read book The Culture of Defeat written by Wolfgang Schivelbusch and published by Macmillan + ORM. This book was released on 2013-08-13 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating look at history's losers-the myths they create to cope with defeat and the steps they take never to be vanquished again History may be written by the victors, Wolfgang Schivelbusch argues in his brilliant and provocative book, but the losers often have the final word. Focusing on three seminal cases of modern warfare-the South after the Civil War, France in the wake of the Franco-Prussian War, and Germany following World War I-Schivelbusch reveals the complex psychological and cultural reactions of vanquished nations to the experience of military defeat. Drawing on responses from every level of society, Schivelbusch shows how conquered societies question the foundations of their identities and strive to emulate the victors: the South to become a "better North," the French to militarize their schools on the Prussian model, the Germans to adopt all things American. He charts the losers' paradoxical equation of military failure with cultural superiority as they generate myths to glorify their pasts and explain their losses: the nostalgic "plantation legend" after the fall of the Confederacy; the cult of Joan of Arc in vanquished France; the fiction of the stab in the back by "foreign" elements in postwar Germany. From cathartic epidemics of "dance madness" to the revolutions that so often follow battlefield humiliation, Schivelbusch finds remarkable similarities across cultures. Eloquently and vibrantly told, The Culture of Defeat is a tour de force that opens new territory for historical inquiry.

Download or read book The New Atlantic Order written by Patrick O. Cohrs and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-05-12 with total page 1133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sheds new light on a transformation process: the struggle to create a modern Atlantic order in the long twentieth century.

Download or read book Essential Papers on Jews and the Left written by Ezra Mendelsohn and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1997-06 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essential Papers on Jews and the Left presents a sweeping portrait of the defining impact of the left on modern Jewish politics and culture in Europe, Palestine/Israel, and the New World. The contributions in the first part, entitled The Jewish Left, discuss specifically Jewish radical organizations such as the Bund and Poale Zion. The second section, Jews in the Left, explores the activities of Jews in general left-wing politics, emphasizing their role in the Russian revolutionary movement.

Download or read book Monographic Series written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Nazi Spymaster written by Michael Mueller and published by Skyhorse. This book was released on 2017-06-13 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Admiral Wilhelm Canaris was the head of the Abwehr?Hitler's intelligence service?from 1935 to 1944. Initially a supporter of Hitler, Canaris came to vigorously oppose his policies and practices and worked secretly throughout the war to overthrow the regime. Near the end of the war, secret documents were discovered that implicated Canaris and hinted at the extent of the activities conducted by Canaris's Abwehr against the Hitler regime, and in 1945 Canaris was executed as a national traitor. But Canaris left little in the way of personal documents, and to this day he remains a figure shrouded in mystery. Drawing on newly available archival materials, Mueller investigates the double life of this legendary and enigmatic figure in the first major biography of Canaris to be published in German.

Download or read book Alfred Von Tirpitz and German Right Wing Politics 1914 1930 written by Rafael Scheck and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-21 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the activity of Great Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz after 1914, Scheck presents a fascinating combination of biographical and contextual analysis explaining the predicament of the conservative German right in the troubled transition period before the Third Reich.

Download or read book Wege in die Zeitgeschichte written by Jürgen Heideking and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1989 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Library Catalogs of the Hoover Institution on War Revolution and Peace Stanford University written by Hoover Institution on War, Revolution, and Peace and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 870 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 2009 written by Massimo Mastrogregori and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The German Social Democrats and the Inflation written by William Carl Mathews and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: