Download or read book Quantum Simulations with Neutral Atoms in Optical Lattices written by Matthias Rosenkranz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quantum Simulations with Ultracold Atoms Beyond Standard Optical Lattices written by Philipp Hans-Jürgen Hauke and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many outstanding problems in quantum physics, such as high-Tc superconductivity or quark confinement, are still - after decades of research - awaiting commonly accepted explanations. One reason is that such systems are often difficult to control, show an intermingling of several effects, or are not easily accessible to measurement. To arrive at a deeper understanding of the physics at work, researchers typically derive simplified models designed to capture the most striking phenomena of the system under consideration. However, due to the exponential complexity of Hilbert space, even some of the simplest of such models pose formidable challenges to analytical and numerical calculations. In 1982, Feynman proposed to solve such quantum models with experimental simulation on a physically distinct, specifically engineered quantum system [Int. J. Theor.Phys. 21, 467]. Designed to be governed by the same underlying equations as the original model, it is hoped that direct measurements on these so called quantum simulators (QSs) will allow to gather deep insights into outstanding problems of physics and beyond. In this thesis, we identify four requirements that a useful QS has to fulfill, relevance, control, reliability, and efficiency. Focusing on these, we review the state of the art of two popular approaches, digital QSs (i.e., special purpose quantum computers) and analog QSs (devices with always-on interactions). Further, focusing on possibilities to increase control over QSs, we discuss a scheme to engineer quantum correlations between mesoscopic numbers of spinful particles in optical lattices. This technique, based on quantum polarization spectroscopy, may be useful for state preparation and quantum information protocols. Additionally, employing several analytical and numerical methods for the calculation of many-body ground states, we demonstrate the variety of condensed-matter problems that can be attacked with QSs consisting of ultracold ions or neutral atoms in optical lattices. The chosen examples, some of which have already been realized in experiment, include such diverse settings as frustrated antiferromagnetism, quantum phase transitions in exotic lattice geometries, topological insulators, non-Abelian gauge-fields, orbital order of ultracold Fermions, and systems with long-range interactions. The experimental realization of all of these models requires techniques which go beyond standard optical lattices, e.g., time-periodic driving of lattices with exotic geometry, loading ultracold atoms into higher bands, or immersing trapped ions into an optical lattice. The chosen models, motivated by important open questions of quantum physics, pose difficult problems for classical computers, but they may be amenable in the near future to quantum simulation with ultracold atoms or ions. While the experimental control over relevant models has increased dramatically in the last years, the reliability and efficiency of QSs has received considerably less attention. As a second important part of this thesis, we emphasize the need to consider these aspects under realistic experimental conditions. We discuss specific situations where terms that have typically been neglected in the description of the QS introduce systematic errors and even lead to novel physics. Further, we characterize in a generic example the influence of quenched disorder on an analog QS. Its performance for simulating universal behavior near a quantum phase transition seems satisfactory for low disorder. Moreover, our results suggest a connection between the reliability and efficiency of a QS: it works less reliable exactly in those interesting regimes where classical calculations are less efficient. If QSs fulfill all of our four requirements, they may revolutionize our approach to quantum-mechanical problems, allowing to solve the behavior of complex Hamiltonians, and to design nano-scale materials and chemical compounds from the ground up.

Download or read book Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices written by Maciej Lewenstein and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-03-08 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum computers, though not yet available on the market, will revolutionize the future of information processing. Quantum computers for special purposes like quantum simulators are already within reach. The physics of ultracold atoms, ions and molecules offer unprecedented possibilities of control of quantum many body systems and novel possibilities of applications to quantum information processing and quantum metrology. Particularly fascinating is the possibility of using ultracold atoms in lattices to simulate condensed matter or even high energy physics. This book provides a complete and comprehensive overview of ultracold lattice gases as quantum simulators. It opens up an interdisciplinary field involving atomic, molecular and optical physics, quantum optics, quantum information, condensed matter and high energy physics. The book includes some introductory chapters on basic concepts and methods, and then focuses on the physics of spinor, dipolar, disordered, and frustrated lattice gases. It reviews in detail the physics of artificial lattice gauge fields with ultracold gases. The last part of the book covers simulators of quantum computers. After a brief course in quantum information theory, the implementations of quantum computation with ultracold gases are discussed, as well as our current understanding of condensed matter from a quantum information perspective.

Download or read book Creating Novel Quantum States of Ultracold Bosons in Optical Lattices written by Colin Joseph Kennedy and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultracold atoms in optical lattices are among the most developed platforms of interest for building quantum devices suitable for quantum simulation and quantum computation. Ultracold trapped atoms are advantageous because they are fundamentally indistinguishable qubits that can be prepared with high fidelity in well-defined states and read-out with similarly high fidelities. However, an outstanding challenge for ultracold atoms in optical lattices is to engineer interesting interactions and control the effects of heating that couple the system to states that lie outside the Hilbert space we wish to engineer. In this thesis, I describe a series of experiments and theoretical proposals that address several critical issues facing ultracold atoms in optical lattices. First, I describe experiments where the tunneling behavior of atoms in the lattice is modified to make our fundamentally neutral particles behave as though they are charged particles in a magnetic field. We show how engineering this interaction creates intrinsic degeneracy in the single particle spectrum of the many-body system and how to introduce strong interactions in the system with the goal of producing exotic many-body states such as a bosonic fractional quantum Hall states. Then, I discuss how this technique can be easily generalized to include spin and higher spatial dimensions in order to access a rich variety of new physics phenomena. Next, I report on the realization of a spin-1 Heisenberg Hamiltonian which emerges as the low energy effective theory describing spin ordering in the doubly-occupied Mott insulator of two spin components. This integer spin Heisenberg model is qualitatively different from the half-integer spin model because it contains a gapped, spin-insulating ground state for small inter-spin interaction energies which we call the spin Mott. Using a spin-dependent lattice to control the inter-spin interactions, we demonstrate high-fidelity, reversible loading of the spin-Mott phase and develop a probe of local spin correlations in order to demonstrate a spin entropy below 0.2 kB per spin. Progress on adiabatically driving the quantum phase transition from the spin Mott to the xy-ferromagnetic is discussed along with the progress towards the creation of a quantum gas microscope for single atom detection and manipulation..

Download or read book From Atom Optics to Quantum Simulation written by Sebastian Will and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-15 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis explores ultracold quantum gases of bosonic and fermionic atoms in optical lattices. The highly controllable experimental setting discussed in this work, has opened the door to new insights into static and dynamical properties of ultracold quantum matter. One of the highlights reported here is the development and application of a novel time-resolved spectroscopy technique for quantum many-body systems. By following the dynamical evolution of a many-body system after a quantum quench, the author shows how the important energy scales of the underlying Hamiltonian can be measured with high precision. This achievement, its application, and many other exciting results make this thesis of interest to a broad audience ranging from quantum optics to condensed matter physics. A lucid style of writing accompanied by a series of excellent figures make the work accessible to readers outside the rapidly growing research field of ultracold atoms.

Download or read book Quantum Simulation of Triangular Honeycomb and Kagome Crystal Structures using Ultracold Atoms in Lattices of Laser Light written by Claire K Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultracold atomic gases trapped at the interference of coherent beams of light constitute an artificial material. This optical lattice material may be used for controlled quantum simulations of condensed matter theories. The bulk of this dissertation concerns the construction and calibration of an optical superlattice that can form the triangular, honeycomb and kagome crystal structures. The properties and geometry of this artificial material may be dynamically changed, allowing for the experiments discussed in this thesis that would be impossible with real materials. The use of ultracold atoms in optical lattices for quantitative tests is challenging because of the novelty of many of the techniques in the field, and because of the myriad experimental differences between these artificial materials and true materials. This thesis reports the development of a method to characterize optical lattice potentials using matter-wave diffraction. We observe an enhancement of inversion asymmetry in matter-wave diffraction from a honeycomb lattice, which we explain using a time-independent perturbative treatment of the single-particle band structure of the lattice. Our experiment also provides new insight into a commonly used detection technique. This thesis culminates in the development and experimental realization of a quantitative test of a condensed-matter theory. The test is insensitive to the experimental differences between artificial materials and real materials. We focus on a prediction from a mean-field treatment of the Bose-Hubbard model that concerns the difference in behavior of itinerant particles on lattices that are identical but for their geometry. Using the tunable geometry of our quantum simulator, we measure the properties of ultracold atomic gases trapped in the triangular and kagome lattices under otherwise identical conditions and find that they are consistent with the mean-field scaling prediction.

Download or read book Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices written by Maciej Lewenstein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-08 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the physics of atoms frozen to ultralow temperatures and trapped in periodic light structures. It introduces the reader to the spectacular progress achieved on the field of ultracold gases and describes present and future challenges in condensed matter physics, high energy physics, and quantum computation.

Download or read book Hybrid Quantum Systems written by Yoshiro Hirayama and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents state-of-the-art research on quantum hybridization, manipulation, and measurement in the context of hybrid quantum systems. It covers a broad range of experimental and theoretical topics relevant to quantum hybridization, manipulation, and measurement technologies, including a magnetic field sensor based on spin qubits in diamond NV centers, coherently coupled superconductor qubits, novel coherent couplings between electron and nuclear spin, photons and phonons, and coherent coupling of atoms and photons. Each topic is concisely described by an expert at the forefront of the field, helping readers quickly catch up on the latest advances in fundamental sciences and technologies of hybrid quantum systems, while also providing an essential overview.

Download or read book Hubbard Model The Recent Results written by Mario G Rasetti and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1991-07-03 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of articles provides authoritative and up-to-date reviews on the Hubbard Model. It will be useful to graduate students and researchers in the field.

Download or read book Probing Correlated Quantum Many Body Systems at the Single Particle Level written by Manuel Endres and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-26 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How much knowledge can we gain about a physical system and to what degree can we control it? In quantum optical systems, such as ion traps or neutral atoms in cavities, single particles and their correlations can now be probed in a way that is fundamentally limited only by the laws of quantum mechanics. In contrast, quantum many-body systems pose entirely new challenges due to the enormous number of microscopic parameters and their small length- and short time-scales. This thesis describes a new approach to probing quantum many-body systems at the level of individual particles: Using high-resolution, single-particle-resolved imaging and manipulation of strongly correlated atoms, single atoms can be detected and manipulated due to the large length and time-scales and the precise control of internal degrees of freedom. Such techniques lay stepping stones for the experimental exploration of new quantum many-body phenomena and applications thereof, such as quantum simulation and quantum information, through the design of systems at the microscopic scale and the measurement of previously inaccessible observables.

Download or read book Cold Atoms and Permanent Magnetic Lattices written by Saeed Ghanbari and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is divided into two parts. The first one deals with the Bose-Hubbard model which describes the dynamics of ultracold atoms in periodic potentials such as optical and magnetic lattices. These lattices have potential application in quantum information processing since they can provide storage registers for qubits based on neutral atoms. Simulation of ultracold Bose gases in lattices using gauge P representation, which is an exact quantum phase space method, is discussed in the book. Simulations that are in remarkable agreement with other calculations in limiting cases are presented in the book. The second part of the book dealing with permanent magnetic lattices provides a comprehensive overview of them. The author describes lattices of microtraps for trapping and controlling Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and quantum gases. High trap frequencies and therefore the possibility of creating BECs at a fraction of mK is an advantage of magnetic lattices over optical lattices. Graduate students in condensed matter and atomic physics as well as both newcomers and experts in the exciting fields of quantum-atom optics and quantum information are encouraged to reed this book.

Download or read book Quantum Simulations with Photons and Polaritons written by Dimitris G. Angelakis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-03 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews progress towards quantum simulators based on photonic and hybrid light-matter systems, covering theoretical proposals and recent experimental work. Quantum simulators are specially designed quantum computers. Their main aim is to simulate and understand complex and inaccessible quantum many-body phenomena found or predicted in condensed matter physics, materials science and exotic quantum field theories. Applications will include the engineering of smart materials, robust optical or electronic circuits, deciphering quantum chemistry and even the design of drugs. Technological developments in the fields of interfacing light and matter, especially in many-body quantum optics, have motivated recent proposals for quantum simulators based on strongly correlated photons and polaritons generated in hybrid light-matter systems. The latter have complementary strengths to cold atom and ion based simulators and they can probe for example out of equilibrium phenomena in a natural driven-dissipative setting. This book covers some of the most important works in this area reviewing the proposal for Mott transitions and Luttinger liquid physics with light, to simulating interacting relativistic theories, topological insulators and gauge field physics. The stage of the field now is at a point where on top of the numerous theory proposals; experiments are also reported. Connecting to the theory proposals presented in the chapters, the main experimental quantum technology platforms developed from groups worldwide to realize photonic and polaritonic simulators in the laboratory are also discussed. These include coupled microwave resonator arrays in superconducting circuits, semiconductor based polariton systems, and integrated quantum photonic chips. This is the first book dedicated to photonic approaches to quantum simulation, reviewing the fundamentals for the researcher new to the field, and providing a complete reference for the graduate student starting or already undergoing PhD studies in this area.

Download or read book Nanoscale Quantum Optics written by M. Agio and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2020-10-07 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the launch of the Quantum Technology Flagship Programme by the European Commission, developments in the realization of new technologies based on quantum physics have been recognized as a priority. These are important for cryptographic techniques for telecommunications security, new computing hardware that can solve problems so far inaccessible even to the latest generation of supercomputers, and precision standards and sensors with important applications ranging from materials science to medical diagnostics. This book presents a collection of lectures from the International School of Physics Enrico Fermi on Nanoscale Quantum Optics, held in Varenna, Italy, from 23 – 28 July 2018. The course was attended by 60 students, researchers and lecturers, and provided an opportunity to train a new generation of scientists on topics that promise great innovations in science and technology. Included here are 9 lectures and seminars and 3 poster contributions from the school. Subjects covered include: basic concepts for quantum optics and quantum technologies; materials for quantum nanophotonics; quantum optics and non-classical light generation; creating quantum correlations between quantum-dot spins; platforms for telecom-entangled photon sources; nanoscale sensing and quantum coherence; and nano-optomechanics, among others. The book offers a valuable overview of the state-of-the-art and current trends in nanoscale quantum optics. It will be invaluable for all those with an interest in this subject.

Download or read book Quantum Many Body Physics of Ultracold Molecules in Optical Lattices written by Michael L. Wall and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates ultracold molecules as a resource for novel quantum many-body physics, in particular by utilizing their rich internal structure and strong, long-range dipole-dipole interactions. In addition, numerical methods based on matrix product states are analyzed in detail, and general algorithms for investigating the static and dynamic properties of essentially arbitrary one-dimensional quantum many-body systems are put forth. Finally, this thesis covers open-source implementations of matrix product state algorithms, as well as educational material designed to aid in the use of understanding such methods.

Download or read book Neutral Atom Quantum Computing written by Aishwarya Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum computers might solve several problems thought to be intractable onclassical computers. These include problems like the prime factorization of largenumbers, searching over a solution space and simulations of complex quantumsystems, out of which the latter is the most exciting for physicists. Over the pastfew years, the experimental technologies have matured enough that there has been astrong effort to build the first 50-100 qubit computers in several candidate systems,one of which is neutral atoms. Neutral atoms in light traps have been a leadingtechnology for quantum simulations for many years, but when trapped in opticallattices, they are also promising qubit candidates for a scalable quantum computer.Over the past few years, exquisite control over positions and the internal statesof individual atoms has been developed towards this goal. This thesis describesdevelopment of such control in our three dimensional array of Cesium atoms.We have developed an addressing scheme to target single atoms and executehigh fidelity quantum gates without affecting the stored quantum information inneighboring atoms, a challenging feat in a 3D geometry. As we will see, atomscannot be deterministically loaded in to these arrays, and typically only about halfthe sites have a single atom. Later in the thesis we use our single site control andcombine it with state dependent lattices to move individual atoms and re-arrangethem to yield fully-filled sub-lattices, creating nearly perfect registers of neutralatoms and initializing our quantum computer. We show that this atom "sorting" isan implementation of the famous "demon" thought experiment proposed by JamesClerk Maxwell in 1872. Our experiment, like the demon, decreases the entropy ofthe system in the process of creating an ordered state from a random disorderedone. Finally, we use our state dependent lattice to implement a loss-less statedetection protocol with 20 times lower error than any other methods.

Download or read book Trapping Single Ions and Coulomb Crystals with Light Fields written by Leon Karpa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-16 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the state-of-the-art in the emerging field of optical trapping of ions, as well as the most recent advances enabling the use of this technique as a versatile tool for novel investigations in atomic physics. The text provides a detailed explanation of the requirements for optical trapping of ions, replete with a protocol for optical ion trapping, including preparation, transfer, and detection. The book also highlights the experimental requirements for extending the presented scheme to optical trapping of linear ion chains. Lastly, this text elaborates on the key features of the described approach, such as the capability to arrange single strongly interacting atoms in scalable, state-selective and wavelength-sized optical potentials without the detrimental impact of driven radiofrequency fields conventionally used to trap ions. The described results demonstrate that the developed methods are suitable for new experimental investigations, most notably in the field of ultracold interaction of ions and atoms, but also in quantum simulations and metrology. The book's practical bent is perfect for anyone attempting to build an experiment related to the field or understand the limitations behind current experiments.

Download or read book Constructing Correlated Spin States with Neutral Atoms in Optical Lattices written by Artur Widera and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: