Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound Characterization of Responses to Radiotherapy in Vitro and in Vivo written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PhD.
Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound Characterization of Responses to Radiotherapy in Vitro and in Vivo written by Roxana Magdalena Vlad and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In clinical oncology and experimental therapeutics, changes in tumour growth rate or volume have been traditionally the first indication of treatment response. These changes typically occur late in the course of therapy. Currently, no routinely available imaging modality is capable of assessing tumour response to cancer treatment within hours or days after delivery of radiation treatment. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to develop the use of ultrasound imaging and ultrasound characterization methods with frequencies of 10 to 30 MHz to assess non-invasively tumour response to radiotherapy, early, within hours to days after delivery of radiotherapy.Responses to radiotherapy were characterized initially in vitro in a well-controlled environment using cell samples. It was demonstrated experimentally that the changes in ultrasound integrated backscatter and spectral slopes were the direct consequences of cell and nuclear morphological changes associated with cell death. The research in vitro provided a basis for the in vivo research that characterized responses to radiotherapy in cancer mouse models. The results from mouse tumour models indicated that quantitative ultrasound could detect the regions in a tumour that corresponded in histology to areas of cell death.In order to understand the cellular morphological changes responsible for ultrasound scattering at these frequencies and assist in the interpretation of experimental data, numerical simulations of ultrasound scattering from four different cell lines exposed to radiotherapy were conducted and compared to experimental results. It was concluded that the increases measured in ultrasound backscatter could in part be explained by the increase in the randomization of cell nuclei resulting from the increase in the variance of cell sizes following cell death.In this thesis, it is demonstrated that ultrasound imaging and quantitative ultrasound methods were able to detect non-invasively early responses to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism behind this detection was linked to changes in the acoustic properties of nuclei and changes in the spatial organization of cells and nuclei following cell death. This provides the groundwork for future investigations regarding the use of ultrasound in cancer patients to individualize treatments non-invasively based on their responses to specific interventions.
Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound Characterization of Responses to Radiotherapy in Vitro and in Vivo written by Roxana Magdalena Vlad and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In clinical oncology and experimental therapeutics, changes in tumour growth rate or volume have been traditionally the first indication of treatment response. These changes typically occur late in the course of therapy. Currently, no routinely available imaging modality is capable of assessing tumour response to cancer treatment within hours or days after delivery of radiation treatment. Therefore, the goal of this thesis is to develop the use of ultrasound imaging and ultrasound characterization methods with frequencies of 10 to 30 MHz to assess non-invasively tumour response to radiotherapy, early, within hours to days after delivery of radiotherapy. Responses to radiotherapy were characterized initially in vitro in a well-controlled environment using cell samples. It was demonstrated experimentally that the changes in ultrasound integrated backscatter and spectral slopes were the direct consequences of cell and nuclear morphological changes associated with cell death. The research in vitro provided a basis for the in vivo research that characterized responses to radiotherapy in cancer mouse models. The results from mouse tumour models indicated that quantitative ultrasound could detect the regions in a tumour that corresponded in histology to areas of cell death. In order to understand the cellular morphological changes responsible for ultrasound scattering at these frequencies and assist in the interpretation of experimental data, numerical simulations of ultrasound scattering from four different cell lines exposed to radiotherapy were conducted and compared to experimental results. It was concluded that the increases measured in ultrasound backscatter could in part be explained by the increase in the randomization of cell nuclei resulting from the increase in the variance of cell sizes following cell death. In this thesis, it is demonstrated that ultrasound imaging and quantitative ultrasound methods were able to detect non-invasively early responses to radiotherapy in vitro and in vivo. The mechanism behind this detection was linked to changes in the acoustic properties of nuclei and changes in the spatial organization of cells and nuclei following cell death. This provides the groundwork for future investigations regarding the use of ultrasound in cancer patients to individualize treatments non-invasively based on their responses to specific interventions.
Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound in Soft Tissues written by Jonathan Mamou and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-26 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to parallel advances in signal processing and computer hardware in the last 15 years, quantitative ultrasound techniques have reached maturity, allowing for the construction of quantitative maps or images of soft tissues. This book will focus on 5 modern research topics related to quantitative ultrasound of soft tissues: - Spectral-based methods for tissue characterization, tissue typing, cancer detection, etc.; - Envelope statistics analysis as a means of quantifying and imaging tissue properties; - Ultrasound elastography for quantifying elastic properties of tissues (several clinical ultrasound scanners now display elastography images); - Scanning acoustic microscopy for forming images of mechanical properties of soft tissues with micron resolution (desktop size scanners are now available); and - Ultrasound computer tomography for breast cancer imaging (new ultrasound tomography systems have been developed and are currently under evaluation clinically).
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanopharmaceuticals Principles and Applications Vol 3 written by Vinod Kumar Yata and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the third volume on this subject and focuses on the recent advances of nanopharmaceuticals in cancer, dental, dermal and drug delivery applications and presents their safety, toxicity and therapeutic efficacy. The book also includes the transport phenomenon of nanomaterials and important pathways for drug delivery applications. It goes on to explain the toxicity of nanoparticles to different physiological systems and methods used to assess this for different organ systems using examples of in vivo systems.
Download or read book Head and Neck Cancer Imaging written by Robert Hermans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-20 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imaging is crucial in the multidisciplinary approach to head and neck cancer management. The rapid technological development of recent years makes it necessary for all members of the multidisciplinary team to understand the potential applications, limitations, and advantages of existing and evolving imaging technologies. It is equally important that the radiologist has sufficient clinical background knowledge to understand the clinical significance of imaging findings. This book provides an overview of the findings obtained using different imaging techniques during the evaluation of head and neck neoplasms, both before and after therapy. All anatomic areas in the head and neck are covered, and the impact of imaging on patient management is discussed in detail. The authors are recognized experts in the field, and numerous high-quality images are included. This second edition provides information on the latest imaging developments in this area, including the application of PET-CT and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.
Download or read book Ultrasound contrast agents written by Gaio Paradossi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-16 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advancements in nano/micro materials and related characterization approaches allow the design of a new type of ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs) with enhanced multifunctional behaviour. This is chance is also supported by the recent achievements in modelling and signal processing. This book provides the state of art of the research activity of two successful European projects, TAMIRUT and SIGHT, addressing an integrated system, encompassing the contrast agent, the hardware equipment and the processing strategies, as a key tool for a combined diagnostic and therapeutic approaches (theranostics) in medical ultrasound. The work provides a highlight of the state of art in the research of novel ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs). Main progresses on the multifunctional aspects of next-generation UCAs concern targeting and drug release properties, perfusion and biointerface behaviour, ultrasound scattering performance, signal processing, electronic equipment.
Download or read book Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy written by Daniel M. Trifiletti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive review of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT): its physics, clinical evidence, indications, and future directions. The utilization of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is increasing internationally because of several factors. First, it offers patients a local treatment option that has demonstrated effectiveness similar to traditional surgery without the morbidity of general anesthesia and open surgical resection. Second, recent advancements in the quality of scientific evidence supporting a SRS or SBRT-containing approach in patients continues to evolve and demonstrate favorable disease-specific outcomes with little, if any, toxicity in various anatomic disease sites and for various conditions including cancer, benign tumors, and other psychiatric and neurologic conditions. Third, and most provocatively, is the notion that definitive local therapy (i.e. SRS or SBRT) in patients with cancer can boost the immune system to fight cancer in other sites throughout the body. While traditional medical knowledge would suggest that all patients with metastatic cancer are incurable, there is a mounting body of evidence that there is a subset of these patients that can be cured with definitive SRS or SBRT. This volume thus delves into each of these benefits and aspects of treatment, guiding physicians to the best treatment plan for their patients. Expert, international authors provide guidelines for SRS and SBRT use by clinicians. Chapters are divided into six main sections: Radiobiology of Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy, Intracranial Radiosurgery Technique, Intracranial Radiosurgery by Indication, Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy Technique, Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy by Indication, The Future of Radiosurgery and SBRT. Overall physics are explained, as well as specific considerations for particular surgical tools (including the Leksell Gamma Knife and Accuray CyberKnife), techniques (including fractionated and charged particle radiosurgery), and anatomic sites (including brain metastases, pituitary tumors, and the prostate). Detailed images and charts enhance the chapters. This book provides physicians with a single, practical resource incorporating both of these broad categories of treatment, SRS and SBRT, and better defines the current role and the direction of radiosurgery.
Download or read book Diagnostic Ultrasound written by K. Kirk Shung and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-09-19 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasound imaging is one of the most important and widely used diagnostic tools in modern medicine, second only to the conventional x-ray. Although considered a mature field, research continues for improving the capabilities and finding new uses for ultrasound technology while driving down the cost of newer, more complicated procedures such as int
Download or read book Angiogenesis Assays written by Carolyn A. Staton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-01-11 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from the existing vasculature, is essential for physiological growth and over 18,000 research articles have been published describing the role of angiogenesis in over 70 different diseases, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. One of the most important technical challenges in such studies has been finding suitable methods for assessing the effects of regulators of eh angiogenic response. While increasing numbers of angiogenesis assays are being described both in vitro and in vivo, it is often still necessary to use a combination of assays to identify the cellular and molecular events in angiogenesis and the full range of effects of a given test protein. Although the endothelial cell - its migration, proliferation, differentiation and structural rearrangement - is central to the angiogenic process, it is not the only cell type involved. the supporting cells, the extracellular matrix and the circulating blood with its cellular and humoral components also contribute. In this book, experts in the use of a diverse range of assays outline key components of these and give a critical appraisal of their strengths and weaknesses. Examples include assays for the proliferation, migration and differentiation of endothelial cells in vitro, vessel outgrowth from organ cultures, assessment of endothelial and mural cell interactions, and such in vivo assays as the chick chorioallantoic membrane, zebrafish, corneal, chamber and tumour angiogenesis models. These are followed by a critical analysis of the biological end-points currently being used in clinical trials to assess the clinical efficacy of anti-angiogenic drugs, which leads into a discussion of the direction future studies should take. This valuable book is of interest to research scientists currently working on angiogenesis in both the academic community and in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries. Relevant disciplines include cell and molecular biology, oncology, cardiovascular research, biotechnology, pharmacology, pathology and physiology.
Download or read book MRI for Radiotherapy written by Gary Liney and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides, for the first time, a unified approach to the application of MRI in radiotherapy that incorporates both a physics and a clinical perspective. Readers will find detailed information and guidance on the role of MRI in all aspects of treatment, from dose planning, with or without CT, through to response assessment. Extensive coverage is devoted to the latest technological developments and emerging options. These include hybrid MRI treatment systems, such as MRI-Linac and proton-guided systems, which are ushering in an era of real-time MRI guidance. The past decade has witnessed an unprecedented rise in the use of MRI in the radiation treatment of cancer. The development of highly conformal dose delivery techniques has led to a growing need to harness advanced imaging for patient treatment. With its flexible soft tissue contrast and ability to acquire functional information, MRI offers advantages at all stages of treatment. In documenting the state of the art in the field, this book will be of value to a wide range of professionals. The authors are international experts drawn from the scientific committee of the 2017 MR in RT symposium and the faculty of the ESTRO teaching course on imaging for physicists.
Download or read book Quantitative MRI of the Brain written by Paul Tofts and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-08-19 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2004 BMA Medical Book Competition Winner (Radiology category) “This is an exciting book, with a new approach to use of the MRI scanner. It bridges the gap between clinical research and general neuro-radiological practice. It is accessible to the clinical radiologist, and yet thorough in its treatment of the underlying physics and of the science of measurement. It is likely to become a classic.” British Medical Association This indispensable 'how to' manual of quantitative MR is essential for anyone who wants to use the gamut of modern quantitative methods to measure the effects of neurological disease, its progression, and its response to treatment. It contains both the methodology and clinical applications, reflecting the increasing interest in quantitative MR in studying disease and its progression. The editor is an MR scientist with an international reputation for high quality research The contributions are written jointly by MR physicists and MR clinicians, producing a practical book for both the research and medical communities A practical book for both the research and medical communities “Paul Tofts has succeeded brilliantly in capturing the essence of what needs to become the future of radiology in particular, and medicine in general – quantitative measurements of disease.” Robert I. Grossman, M.D. New York, University School of Medicine (from the Foreword)
Download or read book Quantitative Ultrasound in Soft Tissues written by Jonathan Mamou and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) continues to mature as a research field and is primed to make a swift transition to routine preclinical and clinical applications. This book will serve two main purposes: Advanced education in QUS by providing a complete and thorough review of all theoretical, physical, and engineering aspects of QUS. Review of recent development of QUS by lead contributors in the research field. This 2nd edition will focus on 6 modern research topics related to quantitative ultrasound of soft tissues: Spectral-based methods for tissue characterization, tissue typing, cancer detection, etc. Attenuation estimation for tissue characterization and improving spectral based methods Envelope statistics analysis as a means of quantifying and imaging tissue properties. Ultrasound computed tomography for preclinical and clinical imaging. Scanning acoustic microscopy for forming images of mechanical properties of soft tissues with micron resolution. Phantoms for quantitative ultrasound.
Download or read book Research Grants Index written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 1212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Subject Index of Current Extramural Research Administered by the National Cancer Institute written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
