Download or read book Quantitative Analysis of Multiply sic Charged Large Molecules in Human Or Rat Plasma Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry written by Matthew Sean Halquist and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunoassays have traditionally been employed for the determination of plasma concentration-time profiles for pharmacokinetic studies of therapeutic proteins and peptides. These ligand binding assays have high sensitivity but require significant time for antibody generation (1 to 2 years) for assay development. Despite high sensitivity, these assays suffer from cross-reactivity that can lead to inaccurate results. As an alternative to immunoassays, this dissertation was focused on the development and validation of assays that can be used for quantitative analysis of peptides or proteins in plasma using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-M.S./MS). Two approaches were considered for measurement of proteins and peptides fortified in plasma. The first approach involved employing signature peptides as quantitative surrogates of a target protein. This approach is a multistep process that includes: computer simulated (in silico) peptide predictions, protein purification, proteolytic digestion, peptide purification, and ultimately mass spectrometry. Signature peptides were determined through in silico peptide predictions and iterative tuning processes to represent Amevive℗' (Alefacept), a therapeutic for psoriasis, for quantification in human plasma. Horse heart myoglobin was chosen as a protein analogue internal standard to compensate for errors associated with matrix effects and to track recovery throughout the entire sample pretreatment process. Samples were prepared for analysis by selective precipitation of the target proteins with optimized pH and heat conditions followed by enzymatic digestion, dilution, and filtration. Combining selective precipitation and protein analogue internal standard lead to a method validated according to current FDA guidelines and achieved a linear range (250-10,000 ng/mL) suitable for monitoring the therapeutic levels of Alefacept (500 -6000 ng/mL) without the use of antibodies. A second approach exploited the mass spectrometric behavior of intact polypeptides. A polypeptide can exist in multiple charge states separated by mass to charge ratio (m/z). Herein, the charge state distribution and the formation of product ions to form selected reaction monitoring (SRM) transitions for intact polypeptide quantitative analysis was evaluated in plasma. Oxyntomodulin, a 37 amino acid anorectic peptide (4449 Da), was employed as a model for analysis in rat plasma. The +7 charge state form of OXM was used to form an SRM for quantitative analysis. Two-dimensional reversed phase ion pair chromatography, a modified solid phase extraction, and a multiply charged SRM of oxyntomodulin enabled a lower limit of quantification of 1 ng/mL. Following development of the LC-MS/MS method, a validation of this approach was performed according to FDA guidelines. Finally, to show further utility of LC-MS/MS, the validated oxyntomodulin method was used in a pharmacokinetic study with Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were dosed with oxyntomodulin through intravenous or intratracheal instillation routes of administration. Plasma concentration-time profiles were determined. Using these profiles, noncompartmental parameters were determined for each dose and routes of administration.
Download or read book Interpretation of MS MS Mass Spectra of Drugs and Pesticides written by Wilfried M. A. Niessen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-01-30 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides comprehensive coverage of the interpretation of LC–MS–MS mass spectra of 1300 drugs and pesticides Provides a general discussion on the fragmentation of even-electron ions (protonated and deprotonated molecules) in both positive-ion and negative-ion modes This is the reference book for the interpretation of MS–MS mass spectra of small organic molecules Covers related therapeutic classes of compounds such as drugs for cardiovascular diseases, psychotropic compounds, drugs of abuse and designer drugs, antimicrobials, among many others Covers general fragmentation rule as well as specific fragmentation pathways for many chemical functional groups Gives an introduction to MS technology, mass spectral terminology, information contained in mass spectra, and to the identification strategies used for different types of unknowns
Download or read book Amino Acid Analysis written by Michail A. Alterman and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2011-12-02 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amino Acid Analysis (AAA) is an integral part of analytical biochemistry. In a relatively short time, the variety of AAA methods has evolved dramatically with more methods shifting to the use of mass spectrometry (MS) as a detection method. Another new aspect is miniaturization. However, most importantly, AAA in this day and age should be viewed in the context of Metabolomics as a part of Systems Biology. Amino Acid Analysis: Methods and Protocols presents a broad spectrum of all available methods allowing for readers to choose the method that most suits their particular laboratory set-up and analytical needs. In this volume, a reader can find chapters describing general as well as specific approaches to the sample preparation. A number of chapters describe specific applications of AAA in clinical chemistry as well as in food analysis, microbiology, marine biology, drug metabolism, even archeology. Separate chapters are devoted to the application of AAA for protein quantitation and chiral AAA. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters contain introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and accessible, Amino Acid Analysis: Methods and Protocols provides crucial techniques that can be applied across multiple disciplines by anyone involved in biomedical research or life sciences.
Download or read book Non canonical Cyclic Nucleotides written by Roland Seifert and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cyclic purine nucleotides 3’,5’-cAMP and 3’,5’-cGMP are well-established second messengers. cGMP has recently been covered in a volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology (volume 191). In addition to 3’,5’-cAMP and 3’,5’-cGMP, so-called non-canonical cyclic nucleotides exist. These comprise the cyclic pyrimidine nucleotides 3’,5’-cCMP and 3’,5’-cUMP, the purine nucleotide 3’,5’-cIMP, the 2’,3’-nucleoside monophosphates and cyclic dinucleotides. In this volume of the Handbook of Pharmacology, word-leading experts in the field summarize our current knowledge on these non-canonical cyclic nucleotides, discuss open questions, future research directions and the pharmacotherapeutic implications. Special emphasis will be given to the emerging roles of 3’,5’-cCMP and 3’,5’-cUMP as second messengers with regard to generators, effectors, biological functions, inactivation and bacterial toxins. The role of 3’,5’-cIMP as potential second messenger will also be critically discussed. Furthermore, we will consider transport of cyclic nucleotides and their potential role as first messengers. The role of the cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP in the immune system will covered, too. Lastly, the book will present important methodological aspects ranging from mass-spectrometric methods for cyclic nucleotide detection to the synthesis of nucleotide analogs as experimental tools and holistic methods for analysis of cyclic nucleotide effects.
Download or read book GC MS Assays for Abused Drugs in Body Fluids written by Rodger L. Foltz and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chinmedomics written by Xijun Wang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-07-15 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chinmedomics: The Integration of Serum Pharmacochemistry and Metabolomics to Elucidate the Scientific Value of Traditional Chinese Medicine uses new experimental techniques and research to open doors in drug discovery and development related to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This book features a unique approach that combines chemometric analysis with metabolomics studies to illuminate significant changes that have occurred in syndrome states while simultaneously analyzing the efficacy of chemical ingredients in herbal medicines. Chapters provide cutting-edge information on traditional medicine, analytical technology, natural products, metabolomics, bioinformatics and their applications. This book provides a valuable resource for pharmacologists, pharmaceutical scientists, medicinal plant researchers, pharmacognosists and chemists working with TCM and highlights ways to further research and advances in this area in the future. Presents a practical guide for new practitioners of Chinmedomics with insights on the current use and future development of this method Each chapter includes an introduction, method, references to the latest literature, possible mechanisms of action and applications Edited by the leading experts of research related to Chinmedomics
Download or read book Medical Applications of Mass Spectrometry written by Karoly Vekey and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mass spectrometry is fast becoming an indispensable field for medical professionals. The mass spectrometric analysis of metabolites and proteins promises to revolutionize medical research and clinical diagnostics. As this technology rapidly enters the medical field, practicing professionals and students need to prepare to take full advantage of its capabilities. Medical Applications of Mass Spectrometry addresses the key issues in the medical applications of mass spectrometry at the level appropriate for the intended readership. It will go a long way to help the utilization of mass spectrometry in medicine.The book comprises five parts. A general overview is followed by a description of the basic sampling and separation methods in analytical chemistry. In the second part a solid foundation in mass spectrometry and modern techniques of data analysis is presented. The third part explains how mass spectrometry is used in exploring various classes of biomolecules, including proteins and lipids. In the fourth section mass spectrometry is introduced as a diagnostic tool in clinical treatment, infectious pathogen research, neonatal diagnostics, cancer, brain and allergy research, as well as in various fields of medicine: cardiology, pulmonology, neurology, psychiatric diseases, hemato-oncology, urologic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, gynecology and pediatrics. The fifth part covers emerging applications in biomarker discovery and in mass spectrometric imaging. * Provides a broad look at how the medical field is benefiting from advances in mass spectrometry.* Guides the reader from basic principles and methods to cutting edge applications.* There is NO comparable book on the market to fill this fast growing field.
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for RDX written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparative Liquid Chromatography written by B.A. Bidlingmeyer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1987-07-01 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a straightforward approach to isolation and purification problems with a thorough presentation of preparative LC strategy including the interrelationship between the input and output of the instrumentation, while keeping to an application focus.The book stresses the practical aspects of preparative scale separations from TLC isolations through various laboratory scale column separations to very large scale production. It also gives a thorough description of the performance parameters (e.g. throughput, separation quality, etc.) as a function of operational parameters (e.g. particle size, column size, solvent usage, etc.). Experts in the field have contributed a well balanced presentation of separation development strategies from preparative TLC to commercial preparative process with practical examples in a wide variety of application areas such as drugs, proteins, nucleotides, industrial extracts, organic chemicals, enantiomers, polymers, etc.
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Dinitrophenols written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Diagnostics Promises and Possibilities written by Mousumi Debnath and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-29 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rapid development in diverse areas of molecular biology and genetic engineering resulted in emergence of variety of tools. These tools are not only applicable to basic researches being carried out world over, but also exploited for precise detection of abnormal conditions in plants, animals and human body. Although a basic researcher is well versed with few techniques used by him/her in the laboratory, they may not be well acquainted with methodologies, which can be used to work out some of their own research problems. The picture is more blurred when the molecular diagnostic tools are to be used by physicians, scientists and technicians working in diagnostic laboratories in hospitals, industry and academic institutions. Since many of them are not trained in basics of these methods, they come across several gray areas in understanding of these tools. The accurate application of molecular diagnostic tools demands in depth understanding of the methodology for precise detection of the abnormal condition of living body. To meet the requirements of a good book on molecular diagnostics of students, physicians, scientists working in agricultural, veterinary, medical and pharmaceutical sciences, it needs to expose the reader lucidly to: Give basic science behind commonly used tools in diagnostics Expose the readers to detailed applications of these tools and Make them aware the availability of such diagnostic tools The book will attract additional audience of pathologists, medical microbiologists, pharmaceutical sciences, agricultural scientists and veterinary doctors if the following topics are incorporated at appropriate places in Unit II or separately as a part of Unit-III in the book. Molecular diagnosis of diseases in agricultural crops Molecular diagnosis of veterinary diseases. Molecular epidemiology, which helps to differentiate various epidemic strains and sources of disease outbreaks. Even in different units of the same hospital, the infections could be by different strains of the same species and the information becomes valuable for infection control strategies. Drug resistance is a growing problem for bacterial, fungal and parasitic microbes and the molecular biology tools can help to detect the drug resistance genes without the cultivation and in vitro sensitivity testing. Molecular diagnostics offers faster help in the selection of the proper antibiotic for the treatment of tuberculosis, which is a major problem of the in the developing world. The conventional culture and drug sensitivity testing of tuberculosis bacilli is laborious and time consuming, whereas molecular diagnosis offers rapid drug resistant gene detection even from direct clinical samples. The same approach for HIV, malaria and many more diseases needs to be considered. Molecular diagnostics in the detection of diseases during foetal life is an upcoming area in the foetal medicine in case of genetic abnormalities and infectious like TORCH complex etc. The book will be equally useful to students, scientists and professionals working in the field of molecular diagnostics.
Download or read book Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine written by Daniel Amsterdam and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2014-08-08 with total page 1196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine has been a mainstay resource for practitioners/providers, investigators, and pharmaceutical researchers of new anti-infective compounds for the past 30 years. This edition includes new chapters on the predictive value of in vitro laboratory testing and the improvement of patient care in the hospital environment through antimicrobial stewardship.
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Diazinon written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book LC MS in Drug Bioanalysis written by Q. Alan Xu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-15 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical pharmacology plays an important role in today’s medicine. Due to the high sensitivity, selectivity, and affordability of a mass spectrometer (MS), the high performance liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analytical technique is widely used in the determination of drugs in human biological matrixes for clinical pharmacology. Specifically, LC-MS is used to analyze: anticancer drugs antidementia drugs antidepressant drugs antiepileptic drugs antifundal drug antimicrobial drugs antipsychotic drugs antiretroviral drugs anxiolytic/hypnotic drugs cardiac drugs drugs for addiction immunosuppressant drugs mood stabilizer drugs This book will primarily cover the various methods of validation for LC-MS techniques and applications used in modern clinical pharmacology.
Download or read book Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms State of the Science and Research Needs written by H. Kenneth Hudnell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-13 with total page 955 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the ever-increasing incidence of harmful cyanobacterial algal blooms, this monograph has added urgency and will be essential reading for all sorts of researchers, from neuroscientists to cancer research specialists. The volume contains the proceedings of the 2005 International Symposium on Cyanobacterial Harmful Algal Blooms, and has been edited by H. Kenneth Hudnell, of the US Environmental Protection Agency. It contains much of the most recent research into the subject.
Download or read book Elemental Speciation in Human Health Risk Assessment written by P. Apostoli and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Definitions of species and speciation - - Strructural aspects of speciation - - Analytical techniques and methodology - - Bioaccessibility and bioavailability - - Toxicokinetics and biological monitoring - - Molecular and cellular mechanisms of metal toxicity - - Health effects - - Conclusions and recommendations.
Download or read book Differential Ion Mobility Spectrometry written by Alexandre A. Shvartsburg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-12-24 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, scientific and engineering interests have been shifting from conventional ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) to field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). Differential Ion Mobility Spectrometry: Nonlinear Ion Transport and Fundamentals of FAIMS explores this new analytical technology that separates and characterizes ions by the difference between their mobility in gases at high and low electric fields. It also covers the novel topics of higher-order differential IMS and IMS with alignment of dipole direction. The book relates the fundamentals of FAIMS and other nonlinear IMS methods to the physics of gas-phase ion transport. It begins with the basics of ion diffusion and mobility in gases, covering the main attributes of conventional IMS that are relevant to all IMS approaches. Building on this foundation, the author reviews diverse high-field transport phenomena that underlie differential IMS. He discusses the conceptual implementation and first-principles optimization of FAIMS as a filtering technique, emphasizing the dependence of FAIMS performance metrics on instrumental parameters and properties of ion species. He also explores ion reactions in FAIMS caused by field heating and the effects of inhomogeneous electric field in curved FAIMS gaps. Written by an accomplished scientist in the field, this state-of-the-art book supplies the foundation to understand the new technology of nonlinear IMS methods.
