Download or read book Quantifying the Impact of Two Native Predators on Juvenile Sockeye Salmon Survival in Lake Washington written by Casey Porter Clark and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the mechanisms regulating population fluctuations, such as births, reproduction, and deaths, remains a persistent question in ecology. Mortality can be incurred at any point during the lifecycle, but mortality rates can be high for juvenile animals in particular. One source of this early life history mortality is via predation. Accurately measuring predation rates requires intensive studies, and is further complicated by variability in habitats and changes in the extent of spatial and temporal overlap between predators and prey. In this study, we examined abundance, spatial distributions and diets of two piscivorous fishes and their predation impact on juvenile salmonids in a well-studied large western lake, Lake Washington. We addressed the following questions: (i) What is the abundance of cutthroat trout and northern pikeminnow in Lake Washington? (ii) At what rates do these predators consume juvenile salmon throughout the year, and how many total juvenile salmon are consumed given the predator population size? Understanding which factors influence predation and the extent of this predatory impact requires temporally and spatially explicit data on the interaction between predators and prey, including both juvenile sockeye salmon and the main alternative prey fish species. To observe these interactions, we used several overlapping sampling types across trophic levels. We used a Chapman-modified population estimation procedure to estimate a cutthroat trout population size of 22,791 ≥300 mm FL and the same procedure to estimate a northern pikeminnow population size of 13,582 ≥300 mm FL. We also used a relative catch method to estimate a northern pikeminnow population size of 112,816 ≥300 mm FL. The magnitude of predation on juvenile salmon and other prey fishes varied considerably among months and between cutthroat trout and northern pikeminnow, between small and large size classes of each predator species, and between years. In 2015, predation mortality of lake entry 2015 (sub-yearling) sockeye salmon was 20% of fry production in that year, and predation losses of lake entry 2014 (yearling) sockeye were 56% of pre-smolt production. In 2016, mortality of lake entry 2016 (sub-yearling) sockeye was 44% of fry production, and predation losses of lake entry 2014 sockeye were 473% of pre-smolt production of that year. Our work shows that the current predation rate is high enough and these predator populations are of sufficient size that predation is a significant source of mortality for juvenile sockeye and Chinook salmon in this system. This work highlights a scenario of combined physical and biological factors that influence mortality in juvenile fish, and can potentially inform the potential for predation mortality in other lake systems.
Download or read book Predation on Sockeye Salmon Fry by Piscivorous Fishes in the Lower Cedar River and Southern Lake Washington written by Roger Tabor and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Population Studies on Juvenile Sockeye Salmon in Lake Washington written by Richard E. Thorne and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Managing the Columbia River written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Water Resources Management, Instream Flows, and Salmon Survival in the Columbia River Basin and published by National Academy Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
Download or read book Physiological Ecology of Pacific Salmon written by Cornelis Groot and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2010-10-01 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, countless juvenile Pacific salmon leave streams and rivers on their migration to feeding grounds in the North Pacific Ocean and the Bering Sea. After periods ranging from a few months to several years, adult salmon enter rivers along the coasts of Asia and North America to spawn and complete their life cycle. Within this general outline, various life history patterns, both among and within species, involve diverse ways of exploiting freshwater, estuarine, and marine habitats. There are seven species of Pacific salmon. Five (coho, chinook chum, pink, and sockeye) occur in both North America and Asia. Their complex life histories and spectacular migrations have long fascinated biologists and amateurs alike. Physiological Ecology of Pacific Salmon provides comprehensive reviews by leading researchers of the physiological adaptations that allow Pacific Salmon to sustain themselves in the diverse environments in which they live. It begins with an analysis of energy expenditure and continues with reviews of locomotion, growth, feeding, and nutrition. Subsequent chapters deal with osmotic adjustments enabling the passage between fresh and salt water, nitrogen excretion and regulation of acid-base balance, circulation and gas transfer, and finally, responses to stress. This thorough and authoritative volume will be a valuable reference for students and researchers of biology and fisheries science as they seek to understand the environmental requirements for the perpetuation of these unique and valuable species.
Download or read book Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology of Atlantic Salmon and Brown Trout written by Bror Jonsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-03 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Destruction of habitat is the major cause for loss of biodiversity including variation in life history and habitat ecology. Each species and population adapts to its environment, adaptations visible in morphology, ecology, behaviour, physiology and genetics. Here, the authors present the population ecology of Atlantic salmon and brown trout and how it is influenced by the environment in terms of growth, migration, spawning and recruitment. Salmonids appeared as freshwater fish some 50 million years ago. Atlantic salmon and brown trout evolved in the Atlantic basin, Atlantic salmon in North America and Europe, brown trout in Europe, Northern Africa and Western Asia. The species live in small streams as well as large rivers, lakes, estuaries, coastal seas and oceans, with brown trout better adapted to small streams and less well adapted to feeding in the ocean than Atlantic salmon. Smolt and adult sizes and longevity are constrained by habitat conditions of populations spawning in small streams. Feeding, wintering and spawning opportunities influence migratory versus resident lifestyles, while the growth rate influences egg size and number, age at maturity, reproductive success and longevity. Further, early experiences influence later performance. For instance, juvenile behaviour influences adult homing, competition for spawning habitat, partner finding and predator avoidance. The abundance of wild Atlantic salmon populations has declined in recent years; climate change and escaped farmed salmon are major threats. The climate influences through changes in temperature and flow, while escaped farmed salmon do so through ecological competition, interbreeding and the spreading of contagious diseases. The authors pinpoint essential problems and offer suggestions as to how they can be reduced. In this context, population enhancement, habitat restoration and management are also discussed. The text closes with a presentation of what the authors view as major scientific challenges in ecological research on these species.
Download or read book Research Journal of the Water Pollution Control Federation written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1076 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microevolution Rate Pattern Process written by Andrew P. Hendry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From guppies to Galapagos finches and from adaptive landscapes to haldanes, this compilation of contributed works provides reviews, perspectives, theoretical models, statistical developments, and empirical demonstrations exploring the tempo and mode of microevolution on contemporary to geological time scales. New developments, and reviews, of classic and novel empirical systems demonstrate the strength and diversity of evolutionary processes producing biodiversity within species. Perspectives and theoretical insights expand these empirical observations to explore patterns and mechanisms of microevolution, methods for its quantification, and implications for the evolution of biodiversity on other scales. This diverse assemblage of manuscripts is aimed at professionals, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates who desire a timely synthesis of current knowledge, an illustration of exciting new directions, and a springboard for future investigations in the study of microevolution in the wild.
Download or read book Wildlife Disease Ecology written by Kenneth Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-14 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces readers to key case studies that illustrate how theory and data can be integrated to understand wildlife disease ecology.
Download or read book EPA 670 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 1973-11 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecology Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 754 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coverage: 1982- current; updated: monthly. This database covers current ecology research across a wide range of disciplines, reflecting recent advances in light of growing evidence regarding global environmental change and destruction. Major ares of subject coverage include: Algae/lichens, Animals, Annelids, Aquatic ecosystems, Arachnids, Arid zones, Birds, Brackish water, Bryophytes/pteridophytes, Coastal ecosystems, Conifers, Conservation, Control, Crustaceans, Ecosyst em studies, Fungi, Grasses, Grasslands, High altitude environments, Human ecology, Insects, Legumes, Mammals, Management, Microorganisms, Molluscs, Nematodes, Paleo-ecology, Plants, Pollution studies, Reptiles, River basins, Soil, TAiga/tundra, Terrestrial ecosystems, Vertebrates, Wetlands, Woodlands.
Download or read book Production of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar in Natural Waters written by National Research Council Canada and published by NRC Research Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Up-to-date information, knowledge and research in progress in scientific fields related to natural production of juvenile Atlantic salmon and some other ecologically similar fluvial salmonids is contained in the 25 papers and 12 abstracts contained in this publication, which were prepared for an international symposium held in St. John's, Newfoundland. Studies relate to stream ecology, invertebrates and predators, habitat improvement, competitive effects, behaviour and dispersal, habitat and production of juvenile salmon, population dynamics and relationships of juvenile salmon estimates to smolt yields. A list of participants at the conference is also provided.
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 860 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recovery Plan for the Sacramento San Joaquin Delta Native Fishes written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Ocean Ecology of Pacific Salmon and Trout written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
