Download or read book Quantifying Sedimentary Geochemical Processes written by Max Coleman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process quantification has wrought major changes in the field of sedimentary geochemistry, often resulting in more rigorous descriptions that challenge conventional wisdom. This edited volume presents a survey of those changes, from controls on sediment input to its deep burial in sedimentary basins. Throughout the book, chapter authors focus in particular on state-of-the-art developments such as the extent of carbonate production preservation in shallow shelf environments, in situ quantification of microbial community structures, the rate of early diagenetic precipitation, constraints on large scale fluid movement in basins, and the prediction of diagenetic self-organization on a number of scales. The book presents the sedimentary system holistically, identifies areas with apparent inconsistencies, and defines promising new research directions. Practical applications with respect to environmental, hydrological, and petroleum industry problems are covered in detail. Students and researchers of petroleum geology, sedimentology, and geochemistry will find this book useful and informative.
Download or read book Geochemistry of Marine Sediments written by David J. Burdige and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The processes occurring in surface marine sediments have a profound effect on the local and global cycling of many elements. This graduate text presents the fundamentals of marine sediment geochemistry by examining the complex chemical, biological, and physical processes that contribute to the conversion of these sediments to rock, a process known as early diagenesis. Research over the past three decades has uncovered the fact that the oxidation of organic matter deposited in sediment acts as a causative agent for many early diagenetic changes. Summarizing and discussing these findings and providing a much-needed update to Robert Berner's Early Diagenesis: A Theoretical Approach, David J. Burdige describes the ways to quantify geochemical processes in marine sediment. By doing so, he offers a deeper understanding of the cycling of elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, along with important metals such as iron and manganese. No other book presents such an in-depth look at marine sediment geochemistry. Including the most up-to-date research, a complete survey of the subject, explanatory text, and the most recent mathematical formulations that have contributed to our greater understanding of early diagenesis, Geochemistry of Marine Sediments will interest graduate students of geology, geochemistry, and oceanography, as well as the broader community of earth scientists. It is poised to become the standard text on the subject for years to come.
Download or read book Quantifying Sedimentary Geochemical Processes written by Royal Society (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Marine Geochemistry written by Horst D. Schulz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A summary of the latest research in this field. The topics comprise the sedimentological examination and physical properties of the sedimentary solid phase, pore water and pore water constituents, organic matter as the driving force of most microbiological processes, biotic and abiotic redox reactions, carbonates and stable isotopes as proxies for paleoclimate reconstruction, metal enrichments in ferromanganese nodules and crusts as well as in hot vents and cold seeps on the seafloor. The current model conceptions lead to the development of different types of computer models, allowing the global mass exchanges between oceans and sediments to be balanced.
Download or read book Quantifying Sedimentary Geochemical Processes written by M. L. Coleman and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Application of Geochemical Tracers to Fluvial Sediment written by Jerry R. Miller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-03 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes an in-depth look at the theory and methods inherent in the tracing of riverine sediments. Examined tracers include multi-elemental concentration data, fallout radionuclides (e.g., 210Pb, 137Cs, 7Be), radiogenic isotopes (particularly those of Pb, Sr, and Nd), and novel (“non-traditional”) stable isotopes (e.g., Cd, Cu, Hg, and Zn), the latter of which owe their application to recent advances in analytical chemistry. The intended goal is not to replace more ‘traditional’ analyses of the riverine sediment system, but to show how tracer/fingerprinting studies can be used to gain insights into system functions that would not otherwise be possible. The text, then, provides researchers and catchment managers with a summary of the strengths and limitations of the examined techniques in terms of their temporal and spatial resolution, data requirements, and the uncertainties in the generated results. The use of environmental tracers has increased significantly during the past decade because it has become clear that documentation of sediment and sediment-associated contaminant provenance and dispersal is essential to mitigate their potentially harmful effects on aquatic ecosystems. Moreover, the use of monitoring programs to determine the source of sediments to a water body has proven to be a costly, labor intensive, long-term process with a spatial resolution that is limited by the number of monitoring sites that can be effectively maintained. Alternative approaches, including the identification and analysis of eroded upland areas and the use of distributed modeling routines also have proven problematic. The application of tracers within riverine environments has evolved such that they focus on sediments from two general sources: upland areas and specific, localized, anthropogenic point sources. Of particular importance to the former is the development of geochemical fingerprinting methods that quantify sediment provenance (and to a much lesser degree, sediment-associated contaminants) at the catchment scale. These methods have largely developed independently of the use of tracers to document the source and dispersal pathways of contaminated particles from point-sources of anthropogenic pollution at the reach- to river corridor-scale. Future studies are likely to begin merging the strengths of both approaches while relying on multiple tracer types to address management and regulatory issues, particularly within the context of the rapidly developing field of environmental forensics.
Download or read book Sedimentary Processes Quantification Using Radionuclides written by J. Carroll and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-09-19 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of radionuclide methods in geochronology has revolutionized our understanding of modern sedimentary processes in aquatic systems. This book examines the principles of the method and its use as a quantitative tool in marine geology, with emphasis on the Pb-210 method. The assumptions and consequences of models and their behaviour are described providing the necessary background to assess the advantages and trade-offs involved when choosing a particular model for application. One of the purposes of this volume is to disentangle the influences of complicating factors, such as sediment flux variations, post-depositional diffusion of radionuclides, and bio-irrigation of sediments, to arrive at sediment ages and to properly assess the attendant data uncertainty. Environmental impacts of chemical, nuclear, or other waste material are of concern in a variety of areas around the world today. A number of relevant examples are included, demonstrating how dating models are useful for determining sources of contaminants and interpreting their influence on the environment. The book is set at a level so that an able student or professional should have no difficulty in following the procedures and methods developed. Each chapter includes case histories showing the strengths and weaknesses of a given procedure with respect to a data example. Included with this volume is the computer source code of a new generation of modelling tools based on inverse numerical analysis techniques. This first generation of the modelling tool is included, along with detailed instructions and examples for its use, in an appendix.
Download or read book Chemistry of Marine Water and Sediments written by Antonio Gianguzza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most important processes on the Earth`s surface occur in the Ocean where materials and energy are primarily exchanged. In the case of marine chemistry different fields of chemistry from organic to inorganic as well as thermodynamics and biochemistry are involved. Analytical Chemistry is a very important tool for the quantification of biogeochemical processes by providing correct and even more sophisticated methodologies. These are often directly applied 'in situ', in order to detect trace and ultra-trace natural and anthropogenic substances. Kinetic and thermodynamic studies allow us to establish whether the process occurs. Once discovered it is then possible to build up general models for environmental systems. This book gathers many aspects with the aim of creating a general picture of the chemical processes occurring in the marine environment
Download or read book Geochemical Processes written by Horst D. Schulz and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2002-12-25 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a result of the Priority Programme 546 run by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. It presents the various ideas, concepts and conclusions that resulted from this Programme on the subject of geochemical processes with long-term effects in anthropogenically influenced drainage and ground water.
Download or read book Geochemical Processes written by Abraham Lerman and published by Krieger Publishing Company. This book was released on 1979 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Using Geochemical Data written by Hugh Rollinson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-06 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is a complete rewrite, and expansion of Hugh Rollinson's highly successful 1993 book Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Presentation, Interpretation. Rollinson and Pease's new book covers the explosion in geochemical thinking over the past three decades, as new instruments and techniques have come online. It provides a comprehensive overview of how modern geochemical data are used in the understanding of geological and petrological processes. It covers major element, trace element, and radiogenic and stable isotope geochemistry. It explains the potential of many geochemical techniques, provides examples of their application, and emphasizes how to interpret the resulting data. Additional topics covered include the critical statistical analysis of geochemical data, current geochemical techniques, effective display of geochemical data, and the application of data in problem solving and identifying petrogenetic processes within a geological context. It will be invaluable for all graduate students, researchers, and professionals using geochemical techniques.
Download or read book DGT based Measurement of Phosphorus in Sediment Microzones and Rhizospheres written by Shengrui Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-19 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the development of DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) and the related techniques for measuring and investigating the geochemical process and P transfer across the sediment/water or sediment/root interface in lakes. A series of DGT techniques such as new types of probes, test methods in sediment or the rhizosphere, DIFS (DGT induced fluxes in sediments and soils) model for kinetic P exchange, CID (computer imaging densitometry) for S(-II), and microchelex gel/LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) have been developed. The corresponding chapters on the theory and methodology of DGT, the “internal P loading” or P transfer across sediment/root in two lakes, provide insights into the research method and conclusions, including the P release mechanism, the quantification of “internal P loading”, kinetic P exchange in DGT/sediment interface, Fe- or S(-II)-microniches at submillimeter scales in sediments for the prediction of P release, and DGT as a surrogate for the prediction of P uptake by roots. It also offers new perspectives in the fields of P analysis and P process in micro-interfaces in lakes using DGT techniques. The P remobilization from Fe-bound P, the coupled Fe-S(-II)-P geochemical reaction and algae biomass breakdown causing P release, are elucidated using DGT methods in sediment layers. DGT parameters and curves for time or distance derived from DIFS can be used to assess kinetic P release in the sediment microzone. CID and LA-ICP-MS methods deliver Fe- and S(-II) images at submillimeter scales, which can be used for the quantification of flux related to microniche peaks and the prediction of P release from Fe-microniche or Fe-S(-II)-P geochemical reactions. DGT measurements in-situ in rhizosphere or rhizonbox can give CE (effective concentration) and CDGT values for the prediction of P accumulated in plant tissues. This book provides a valuable reference resource for senior graduate students, lecturers and researchers in the fields of the geochemical process of eutrophic elements in lakes, lake eutrophication mechanism and environmental analysis.
Download or read book In Situ produced Cosmogenic Nuclides and Quantification of Geological Processes written by Lionel L. Siame and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2006 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In situ-produced cosmogenic nuclides can provide chronologies of environmental change over the past few thousand to several millions of years and may be used to quantify a wide range of weathering and sediment transport processes. These nuclides are thus now used across a broad spectrum of earth science disciplines, including paleoclimatology, geomorphology, and active tectonics. This book is organized around sections that focus on specific aspects of the utilization of cosmogenic nuclides in earth sciences: (1) development of new methods for application of in situ-produced cosmogenic nuclides (burial dating methods, extending their utilization to carbonate-rich and mafic environments); (2) glacial geology (Laurentide Ice Sheet, northern Alps); (3) active tectonics, focusing on applications to constrain slip rates of active faults in Asia (Tibet and Mongolian Gobi-Altay); and (4) landscape development (quantifying sediment production or erosion rates and processes and application of exposure dating to landslides in Hong Kong)."--Publisher's website.
Download or read book A Study of the Sediment Composition and Sedimentary Geochemical Processes in the Vicinity of the Pacific Antarctic Ridge written by Ivar Zemmels and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Geochemistry written by Benedetto DeVivo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Geochemistry: Site Characterization, Data Analysis and Case Histories, Second Edition, reviews the role of geochemistry in the environment and details state-of-the-art applications of these principles in the field, specifically in pollution and remediation situations. Chapters cover both philosophy and procedures, as well as applications, in an array of issues in environmental geochemistry including health problems related to environment pollution, waste disposal and data base management. This updated edition also includes illustrations of specific case histories of site characterization and remediation of brownfield sites. Covers numerous global case studies allowing readers to see principles in action Explores the environmental impacts on soils, water and air in terms of both inorganic and organic geochemistry Written by a well-respected author team, with over 100 years of experience combined Includes updated content on: urban geochemical mapping, chemical speciation, characterizing a brownsfield site and the relationship between heavy metal distributions and cancer mortality
Download or read book Geochemical Sediments and Landscapes written by David J. Nash and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-18 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This state-of-the-art volume reviews both past work and current research, with contributions from internationally recognized experts. The book is organized into fourteen chapters and designed to embrace the full range of terrestrial geochemical sediments. An up-to-date and comprehensive survey of research in the field of geochemical sediments and landscapes Discusses the main duricrusts, including calcrete, laterite and silcrete Considers deposits precipitated in various springs, lakes, caves and near-coastal environments Considers the range of techniques used in the analysis of geochemical sediments, representing a significant advance on previous texts
Download or read book Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments written by William M. Last and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theory Instrumentation NIR analysis of sediment samples Uses of NIRS in palaeolimnology Future perspectives Summary References Fly-ash particles. Neil Rose 319 12. Introduction A brief history Methods of extraction and enumeration Temporal distribution Spatial distribution Source apportionment The future Summary Acknowledgements References Part III: Stable Isotope Techniques 13. Application of stable isotope techniques to inorganic and biogenic carbonates. Emi Ito 351 Introduction Nomenclature and systematics of lake-water Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratios of lake-water of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) Carbonates in lake-sediments Mollusks Ostracodes Charaphytes Isotope analysis Preparation of carbonate samples for isotope analysis Conclusions Summary Acknowledgments References 14. Carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of lake sediment cellulose: methods and applications. Brent B. Wolfe, Thomas W. D. Edwards, Richard J. Elgood & Kristina R. M. Beuning 373 xi Introduction Stable isotope tracers in lake Historical development Methods Key criteria for paleohydrologic reconstruction Applications Future research directions Summary Acknowledgements References Nitrogen isotopes in palaeolimnology. Michael R. Talbot 15. 401 Introduction Nitrogen in lakes: forms and distribution Nitrogen isotopes Nitrogen isotope studies in palaeolimnology: sampling and measurement Some examples Closing remarks Summary Acknowledgments References Glossary, acronyms and abbreviations 441 Index 493 xiii PREFACE The explosive growth of paleolimnology over the past two decades has provided impetus for the publication of this series of monographs detailing the numerous advances and new techniques being applied to the interpretation of lake histories. This is the second volume in the series and deals mainly with physical and geochemical analytical techniques.
