Download or read book Quantifying and Reducing Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Waste and Water Treatment Processes Phase 1 written by Adriane Brotto and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas Emission and Mitigation in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants written by Xinmin Zhan and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wide adoption of wastewater treatment processes and use of novel technologies for improvement of nitrogen and phosphorus removals from wastewater have been introduced to meet stringent discharge standards. Municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs) are one of major contributors to the increase in the global GHG emissions and therefore it is necessary to carry out intensive studies on quantification, assessment and characterization of GHG emissions in wastewater treatment plants, on the life cycle assessment from GHG emission prospective, and on the GHG mitigation strategies. Greenhouse Gas Emission and Mitigation in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants summarizes the recent development in studies of greenhouse gas emissions (N2O, CH4 and CO2) in MWWTPs. It also summarizes the development in life cycle assessment on GHG emissions in consideration of the energy usage in MWWTPs. The strategies in mitigating GHG emissions are discussed and the book provides an overview for researchers, students, water professionals and policy makers on GHG emission and mitigation in MWWTPS and industrial wastewater treatment processes. The book is a valuable resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students in the water, climate, and energy areas of research. It is also a useful reference source for water professionals, government policy makers, and research institutes.
Download or read book Quantification and Modelling of Fugitive Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Water Systems written by Liu Ye and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2022-04-15 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With increased commitment from the international community to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from all sectors in accordance with the Paris Agreement, the water sector has never felt the pressure it is now under to transition to a low-carbon water management model. This requires reducing GHG emissions from grid-energy consumption (Scope 2 emissions), which is straightforward; however, it also requires reducing Scope 1 emissions, which include nitrous oxide and methane emissions, predominantly from wastewater handling and treatment. The pathways and factors leading to biological nitrous oxide and methane formation and emissions from wastewater are highly complex and site-specific. Good emission factors for estimating the Scope 1 emissions are lacking, water utilities have little experience in directly measuring these emissions, and the mathematical modelling of these emissions is challenging. Therefore, this book aims to help the water sector address the Scope 1 emissions by breaking down their pathways and influencing factors, and providing guidance on both the use of emission factors, and performing direct measurements of nitrous oxide and methane emissions from sewers and wastewater treatment plants. The book also dives into the mathematical modelling for predicting these emissions and provides guidance on the use of different mathematical models based upon your conditions, as well as an introduction to alternative modelling methods, including metabolic, data-driven, and AI methods. Finally, the book includes guidance on using the modelling tools for assessing different operating strategies and identifying promising mitigation actions. A must have book for anyone needing to understand, account for, and reduce water utility Scope 1 emissions.
Download or read book Quantifying the Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Wastewater Treatment Plants written by L.J.P. Snip and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an interest to determine the carbon footprints of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to global warming. The boundaries chosen for the estimation of the carbon footprint are according to Scope 2 the direct GHG emissions during the processes of the treatment, the indirect GHG emissions due to the use of energy, the production of biogas, the indirect GHG emissions due to sludge disposal, the power credit due to the biogas usage, and the indirect GHG emissions due to chemicals usage. Within this model different PI anti windup controllers were implemented to see the effect of different oxygen, ammonia and nitrate concentrations on the production of GHGs.
Download or read book The Greenhouse Gas Protocol written by and published by World Business Pub.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Download or read book Anaerobic Digestion Model No 1 ADM1 written by IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IWA Task Group for Mathematical Modelling of Anaerobic Digestion Processes was created with the aim to produce a generic model and common platform for dynamic simulations of a variety of anaerobic processes. This book presents the outcome of this undertaking and is the result of four years collaborative work by a number of international experts from various fields of anaerobic process technology. The purpose of this approach is to provide a unified basis for anaerobic digestion modelling. It is hoped this will promote increased application of modelling and simulation as a tool for research, design, operation and optimisation of anaerobic processes worldwide. This model was developed on the basis of the extensive but often disparate work in modelling and simulation of anaerobic digestion systems over the last twenty years. In developing ADM1, the Task Group have tried to establish common nomenclature, units and model structure, consistent with existing anaerobic modelling literature and the popular activated sludge models (See Activated Sludge Models ASM1, ASM2, ASM2d and ASM3, IWA Publishing, 2000, ISBN: 1900222248). As such, it is intended to promote widespread application of simulation from domestic (wastewater and sludge) treatment systems to specialised industrial applications. Outputs from the model include common process variables such gas flow and composition, pH, separate organic acids, and ammonium. The structure has been devised to encourage specific extensions or modifications where required, but still maintain a common platform. During development the model has been successfully tested on a range of systems from full-scale waste sludge digestion to laboratory-scale thermophilic high-rate UASB reactors. The model structure is presented in a readily applicable matrix format for implementation in many available differential equation solvers. It is expected that the model will be available as part of commercial wastewater simulation packages. ADM1 will be a valuable information source for practising engineers working in water treatment (both domestic and industrial) as well as academic researchers and students in Environmental Engineering and Science, Civil and Sanitary Engineering, Biotechnology, and Chemical and Process Engineering departments. Contents Introduction Nomenclature, State Variables and Expressions Biochemical Processes Physicochemical Processes Model Implementation in a Single Stage CSTR Suggested Biochemical Parameter Values, Sensitivity and Estimation Conclusions References Appendix A: Review of Parameters Appendix B: Supplementary Matrix Information Appendix C: Integration with the ASM Appendix D: Estimating Stoichiometric Coefficients for Fermentation Scientific & Technical Report No.13
Download or read book Quantification and Modelling of Fugitive Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Urban Water Systems written by Jose Porro and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solid Waste Management and Greenhouse Gases written by Barry Leonard and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2003-06 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 21st century, management of municipal solid waste (MSW) continues to be an important environmental challenge facing the U.S. Climate change is also a serious issue, & the U.S. is embarking on a number of voluntary actions to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that can intensify climate change. By presenting material-specific GHG emission factors for various waste management options, this report examines how the two issues -- MSW management & climate change -- are related. The report's findings may be used to support a variety of programs & activities, including voluntary reporting of emission reductions from waste management practices. Charts, tables & graphs.
Download or read book The MBR Book written by Simon Judd and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-18 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MBR Book
Download or read book Climate Change and Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 2nd IWA Leading Edge on Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies written by Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2005-04-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater and drinking water treatment are essential elements of urban infrastructure. In the course of the last century there has been enormous technical development, so successful that for the general public in industrialized countries this infrastructure is hardly noticed. Nevertheless there is ongoing activity to further improve the existing processes. The IWA Leading Edge Technology conference held in Prague helped to stimulate this development and this book helps disseminate the results. A selection of presentations from the conference are included in this volume. Wastewater and drinking-water treatment are normally considered as two separate fields due to the very different boundary conditions that apply. Nevertheless several issues such as membrane processes, removal of micropollutants and water reuse are of crucial importance to both. This potential for cross-fertilization further enhances the value of this collection of high-quality articles that delineate the leading edge of research and development in water and wastewater treatment.
Download or read book Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Various Methods of Organic Waste Disposal written by Andrew James Spring and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater Treatment Processes written by Anna Ribera Guàrdia and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on the study of the global green house gas (GHG) emissions from wastewater systems. Nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) are the main GHG directly emitted from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). In this thesis, different studies were performed in order to determine the N2O production when using different combination of electron acceptors during denitrification. Firstly, three different external carbon sources where used in a mixed denitrifying culture. Secondly, a denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organism (dPAO) and a denitrifying glycogen accumulating organism (dGAO) enriched cultures were used to assess the effect of using an internal carbon source (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHA) for denitrification on the N2O production. Results indicated that electron competition during the reduction of different nitrogen oxides is a significant factor in ordinary heterotrophic denitrification processes using external carbon sources as the electron donor, but not in PHA-driven denitrification processes conducted by dPAO or dGAO. Results also showed that generally, higher N2O accumulation was detected in the tests conducted with dGAO than those conducted with dPAO, especially when nitrite was used as electron acceptor. Later, the effect of DO at a constant pH level and the effect of pH at a constant DO level on N2O and NO production in a partial nitrification sequencing batch reactor (SBR) were explored. Also, the relationship between NO production and the ammonia oxidation rate (AOR) as well as the N2O production rate and the AOR were studied. Results showed that these relationships were linear and exponential, respectively. This investigation highlighted the importance of also monitoring NO emissions since they may lead to N2O emissions. The last investigation of this thesis was a long-term full-scale study in the WWTP of Girona in order to assess the N2O and CH4 emission dynamics of the plug-flow reactors. Results showed seasonal and spatial variations on N2O emissions but only spatial variations on CH4 emissions. Finally, the overall carbon footprint of the plug-flow reactor was assessed.
Download or read book Quantifying the Transition to Low Carbon Cities written by Eugene A. Mohareb and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ecotechnologies for Wastewater Treatment written by Juan Pablo Silva Vinasco and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecotechnologies for wastewater treatment (EWWT) have been used as a cost-effective alternative to conventional wastewater treatment methods for improving the removal of organic carbon, nutrients and pathogenic microorganisms from wastewater. However, due to biochemical transformations of organic matter and nutrients EWWT are net sources of CO2, CH4 and N2O greenhouse gases (GHGs), which may be transferred into the atmosphere contributing to global warming. Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Ecotechnologies for Wastewater Treatment provides scientific information about greenhouse gas, such as CO2, CH4 and N2O, generation and emissions from different municipal EWWT. The main EWWT considered in this book are anaerobic ponds, facultative ponds, duckweed-based ponds, and a freshwater natural wetland perturbed by anthropogenic activities such as wastewater discharge and nutrients from agricultural run-off. The book includes a full literature review of recent publications about GHGs emissions from EWWT. It also introduces the calculation of GHGs flux using a static chamber technique. Besides, the book presents information on the influence of environmental factors such as temperature, pH, DO, and nutrients on GHG emissions produced in EWWT under tropical conditions. This book will be a useful reference for researches and students interested in the broader area of water and climate change subjects. The publication may also be of interest to policy makers concerned with climate change, water sector planning, and wastewater treatment.
Download or read book Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-02-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the quest to mitigate the buildup of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere, researchers and policymakers have increasingly turned their attention to techniques for capturing greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, either from the locations where they are emitted or directly from the atmosphere. Once captured, these gases can be stored or put to use. While both carbon storage and carbon utilization have costs, utilization offers the opportunity to recover some of the cost and even generate economic value. While current carbon utilization projects operate at a relatively small scale, some estimates suggest the market for waste carbon-derived products could grow to hundreds of billions of dollars within a few decades, utilizing several thousand teragrams of waste carbon gases per year. Gaseous Carbon Waste Streams Utilization: Status and Research Needs assesses research and development needs relevant to understanding and improving the commercial viability of waste carbon utilization technologies and defines a research agenda to address key challenges. The report is intended to help inform decision making surrounding the development and deployment of waste carbon utilization technologies under a variety of circumstances, whether motivated by a goal to improve processes for making carbon-based products, to generate revenue, or to achieve environmental goals.
Download or read book Methods for Measuring Greenhouse Gas Balances and Evaluating Mitigation Options in Smallholder Agriculture written by Todd S. Rosenstock and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-23 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides standards and guidelines for quantifying greenhouse gas emissions and removals in smallholder agricultural systems and comparing options for climate change mitigation based on emission reductions and livelihood trade-offs. Globally, agriculture is directly responsible for about 11% of annual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and induces an additional 17% through land use change, mostly in developing countries. Farms in the developing countries of sub-Saharan Africa and Asia are predominately managed by smallholders, with 80% of land holdings smaller than ten hectares. However, little to no information exists on greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation potentials in smallholder agriculture. Greenhouse gas measurements in agriculture are expensive, time consuming, and error prone, challenges only exacerbated by the heterogeneity of smallholder systems and landscapes. Concerns over methodological rigor, measurement costs, and the diversity of approaches, coupled with the demand for robust information suggest it is germane for the scientific community to establish standards of measurements for quantifying GHG emissions from smallholder agriculture. Standard guidelines for use by scientists, development organizations will help generate reliable data on emissions baselines and allow rigorous comparisons of mitigation options. The guidelines described in this book, developed by the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security (CCAFS) and partners, are intended to inform anyone conducting field measurements of agricultural greenhouse gas sources and sinks, especially to develop IPCC Tier 2 emission factors or to compare mitigation options in smallholder systems.
