EBookClubs

Read Books & Download eBooks Full Online

EBookClubs

Read Books & Download eBooks Full Online

Book Quality Requirements for Bentonite in Geosynthetic Clay Liners and the Validity of Test Methods

Download or read book Quality Requirements for Bentonite in Geosynthetic Clay Liners and the Validity of Test Methods written by K. von Maubeuge and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GCLs are primarily used to seal against water, because its very low permeability property. This very good sealing performance is caused by bentonite as sealing material, which is interspersed between two geotextiles as an approximately 10 mm thin layer of powder or granulate. The objective of performance tests of new bentonites in GCLs, is primarily to investigate how low the water permeability of the bentonite is, after its processing into a pulverised or granulate form, as it is required for their use in GCLs. The production of a test GCL for the purpose of performance testing, is very costly. Mainly due to economical reasons, producers of bentonites and GCLs are anxious to be able to predict the permeability by use of simpler test methods. The laboratory tests for bentonites commonly applied are methylene blue test, the fluid loss test ASTM D 5891, and the swelling volume after ASTM D 5890. However, they are only to a limited extend suitable for this purpose. But even highly sophisticated mineralogical and chemical investigations like x-ray diffraction and ion distribution are not helpful to forecast the water permeability value in the produced GCL.

Book Advances in Geosynthetic Clay Liner Technology

Download or read book Advances in Geosynthetic Clay Liner Technology written by Robert E. Mackey and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2004 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soon after the inception of ASTM D35.04 Subcommittee on Geosynthetic Clay Liners, the first symposium on Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs), STP 1308, was held on 29 January 1996, in Atlanta, Georgia. The intention of the symposium was to bring together the current knowledge and understanding regarding this relatively new product used in containment systems. Since that symposium, numerous GCL standards have been developed along with a greater appreciation of the product's capabilities and limitations. ASTM D35 determined it was time to assess the current state of GCL technology to better address possible revisions of the present ASTM GCL standards and determine what new standards will be required in the future.

Book Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Download or read book Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by Larry W. Well and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1997 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An engineering perspective on the liners, which are used as barriers for containing liquid and in conjunction with geomembranes in landfills and capping systems. Explore aspects of testing for shear strength and long-term creep, issues and methods of testing for hydraulic conductivity, and specifica

Book Clay Geosynthetic Barriers

Download or read book Clay Geosynthetic Barriers written by H. Zanzinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clay geosynthetic barriers are most frequently used in environmental areas, such as landfill cover systems. This work discusses the durability and lifetime aspects of clay geosynthetic barriers related to the synthetic yarns and fibres.

Book Hydraulic Conductivity

Download or read book Hydraulic Conductivity written by Lakshmanan Elango and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-11-23 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are several books on broad aspects of hydrogeology, groundwater hydrology and geohydrology, which do not discuss in detail on the intrigues of hydraulic conductivity elaborately. However, this book on Hydraulic Conductivity presents comprehensive reviews of new measurements and numerical techniques for estimating hydraulic conductivity. This is achieved by the chapters written by various experts in this field of research into a number of clustered themes covering different aspects of hydraulic conductivity. The sections in the book are: Hydraulic conductivity and its importance, Hydraulic conductivity and plant systems, Determination by mathematical and laboratory methods, Determination by field techniques and Modelling and hydraulic conductivity. Each of these sections of the book includes chapters highlighting the salient aspects and most of these chapters explain the facts with the help of some case studies. Thus this book has a good mix of chapters dealing with various and vital aspects of hydraulic conductivity from various authors of different countries.

Book Alternate Procedures for Swell Index Testing of Granular Bentonite from GCLs

Download or read book Alternate Procedures for Swell Index Testing of Granular Bentonite from GCLs written by J. Scalia and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two procedures are proposed for expediting swell index (SI) tests on the bentonite component of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) based on ASTM D5890, Standard Test Method for Swell Index of Clay Mineral Component of Geosynthetic Clay Liners. The Fast Alternative Swell Test procedure involves testing 2.0 g of bentonite that passes the No. 40 sieve but is retained on the No. 60 sieve that is added to the graduated cylinder in 0.5-g increments over a period of 10 s with 1 min between each additional increment; for a single test, this procedure is >50 times faster than the standard SI test. The Multiple Alternative Swell Test procedure involves testing 2.0 g of bentonite that passes the No. 40 sieve but is retained on the No. 60 sieve added to the graduated cylinder in 1.0-g increments over a period of 30 s with a 10-min interval between incremental additions; for ten tests conducted concurrently, this procedure is >10 times faster than the standard SI test. Replicate comparative tests were conducted with seven bentonites used in GCLs with the following hydration liquids: deionized (DI) water; 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500 mM potassium chloride (KCl); and 5, 10, 50, 100, and 500 mM calcium chloride. Both expedited methods yield similar SIs with DI water and KCl solutions and slightly underestimate the SI obtained with the standard method.

Book Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Aqueous Solutions

Download or read book Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Hydraulic Properties of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Permeated with Potentially Incompatible Aqueous Solutions written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Chinese Standard GB GB T GBT JB JB T YY HJ NB HG QC SL SN SH JJF JJG CJ TB YD YS NY FZ JG QB SJ SY DL AQ CB GY JC JR JT

Download or read book Chinese Standard GB GB T GBT JB JB T YY HJ NB HG QC SL SN SH JJF JJG CJ TB YD YS NY FZ JG QB SJ SY DL AQ CB GY JC JR JT written by https://www.chinesestandard.net and published by https://www.chinesestandard.net. This book was released on 2018-01-01 with total page 7266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document provides the comprehensive list of Chinese National Standards and Industry Standards (Total 17,000 standards).

Book Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Download or read book Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Peel Testing and Moisture Effects for Coated Laminated Geosynthetic Clay Liners

Download or read book Peel Testing and Moisture Effects for Coated Laminated Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by Gary T. Torosian and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ASTM D6496, "Standard Test Method for Determining Average Bonding Peel Strength between the Top and Bottom Layers of Needle-punched Geosynthetic Clay Liners," is used as an index test for quality control in the manufacturing of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) and as an acceptance test for the delivery of materials to a project. As its title indicates, it is normally used to measure the peel strength between the top and bottom geotextile layers within a GCL. This paper evaluates the use of this test method to measure the peel strength between the thin film/coating of a laminated GCL and the geotextile it is adhered to. This paper also shows how the moisture content and hydrating conditions affect the peel strength in these products.

Book Compatibility of Geosynthetic Clay Liners with Acidic Solutions

Download or read book Compatibility of Geosynthetic Clay Liners with Acidic Solutions written by Yang Liu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are widely used as hydraulic barriers because of their sealing capacity in contact with water. However, with the increasing interest in their use in mining applications, the compatibility issues of GCLs to mining leachates are of some concern. This research work has been undertaken to enhance our understanding of compatibility of GCLs with strong acidic leachates, as for example, which may occur in mining leachates. Three types of bentonites were selected for this research program. Tests included index tests such as Atterberg limits, swell index, fluid loss and suspension rheology under various concentrations of sulfuric acid solutions. The results indicate that all index parameters degraded when the materials were exposed to acidic solutions. The degradation of these indices would indicate a high probability for the degradation of hydraulic performance of GCLs to occur based on established correlations between hydraulic conductivity and these indices. The mineralogical analyses on bentonite components of GCLs before and after reaction with sulfuric acid solutions were conducted using X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The dissolution of bentonite, loss of water from smectite interlayers, and the collapse of smectite layers were observed using these methods, these observations explained in part the degradation of the engineering indices and hydraulic performance of bentonites or GCLs. A series of flexible-wall permeameter tests were conducted to directly evaluate the hydraulic performance of GCLs when subjected to different concentrations of sulfuric acid solutions. Effective stress and prehydration condition, both of which can affect the hydraulic performance, were also considered. The hydraulic conductivity was observed to increase with increasing sulfuric acid concentration, but specimens prehydrated with water had lower resulting hydraulic conductivity to sulfuric acid leachates than non-prehydrated specimens. Higher applied effective stress tended to decrease the hydraulic conductivity presumably by compressing the specimens thereby resulting in smaller hydraulically active pores. Three powdered polymers, having either negative, positive or neutral charges, were used in this study to determine whether the hydraulic performance of bentonites under acidic conditions could be improved. Any improvements achieved were only observed under deionized water and low sulfuric acid concentration (≤0.015 M). Generally, no significant differences in test parameters caused by the polymer types (cationic, non-ionic and anionic) were observed under DI water and low sulfuric acid concentration (≤ 0.015 M). However, at higher acid concentrations, these polymers tended to lose effectiveness due probably to pH induced changes in polymer conformation, from presumably elongation to aggregate, at the clay surface. Sulfuric acid is detrimental to the hydraulic performance of GCLs, even if GCLs are prehydrated with good quality water. With better knowledge of how GCLs behave under strong acidic conditions, the geotechnical engineering community will be better equipped to approach and resolve potential problems involving interaction between GCLs and acidic solutions.

Book Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers

Download or read book Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-08-22 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: President Carter's 1980 declaration of a state of emergency at Love Canal, New York, recognized that residents' health had been affected by nearby chemical waste sites. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, enacted in 1976, ushered in a new era of waste management disposal designed to protect the public from harm. It required that modern waste containment systems use "engineered" barriers designed to isolate hazardous and toxic wastes and prevent them from seeping into the environment. These containment systems are now employed at thousands of waste sites around the United States, and their effectiveness must be continually monitored. Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers assesses the performance of waste containment barriers to date. Existing data suggest that waste containment systems with liners and covers, when constructed and maintained in accordance with current regulations, are performing well thus far. However, they have not been in existence long enough to assess long-term (postclosure) performance, which may extend for hundreds of years. The book makes recommendations on how to improve future assessments and increase confidence in predictions of barrier system performance which will be of interest to policy makers, environmental interest groups, industrial waste producers, and industrial waste management industry.