Download or read book QTL Analysis of Drought Tolerance in Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum L written by Seifeldin Elrayah Ibrahim Mohamed and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mapping of Drought Tolerance and Leaf Rust Resistance in Wheat written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water availability is commonly the most limiting factor to crop production, especially in drought prone areas like the Midwest. This study was conducted to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in drought tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to enable their use for marker assisted selection (MAS) in breeding. A population of 122 F[subscript]7 derived recombinant inbred lines from a cross between Dharwar Dry and Sitta, spring wheat lines with contrasting drought tolerances, was analyzed using the amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) technique and Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers to create a QTL map. Of the 256 AFLP primer combinations evaluated, 151 were found to be polymorphic between the parents and were used to screen the population. A linkage map of 48 groups was created from the combined DArT markers, AFLP data, and SSR markers. This was used to create a QTL map which identified QTL in 24 of these groups. Using these markers for MAS in a breeding program could overcome the difficulties of selecting for drought tolerance. Another serious limitation to wheat production is leaf rust caused by the pathogen Puccinia triticina. Leaf rust causes between 1% and 20% yield loss on average and tends to be the worst in years with high yield potential. PI 289824 contains a single, dominant gene for seedling resistance mapping to chromosome 5BS and thought to be different from Lr52. An F[subscript]2 mapping population from a cross between PI 289824 and Jagger was used to try to identify markers very closely linked to the gene and therefore useful for MAS. The population presented some mapping challenges, but with the use of SSR and EST-STS markers, the gene was flanked. However, the markers were at too a great distance to be useful for mapping.
Download or read book Improving Drought Tolerance in Wheat with Physiological and Molecular Tools written by Surya Laxmi Shrestha and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought is a limiting factor for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in the low precipitation regions of the Pacific Northwest (PNW). To improve wheat performance in drought, this study focused on three main objectives. Our first objective was to determine water use efficiency (WUE) in the PNW wheat lines through carbon isotope discrimination (CID) technique. Genotypic variation of CID was found in soft spring and hard winter wheat lines. Low CID or high WUE was found important for increasing yield of soft spring wheat lines in drought and semi-drought environments but not in other wheat types. The second objective of this study was to determine important physiological traits associated with yield. Fifteen spring wheat, 140 Alpowa/Express (AE) recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and 165 Hollis/Drysdale (HD) RILs, were evaluated in replicated field trials in two moisture environments, rainfed and irrigated, in different years. The wheat materials were screened for physiological (CT, CID, FLS: Flag leaf senescence), agronomic and phenological traits. The low canopy temperature (CT) was consistently associated with high yield in all wheat lines. The study found that CT was the main driver of wheat adaptation in drought in studied environmental conditions. Our third objective was to identify genomic regions associated with the studied traits through quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. In the AE population, yield and test weight QTL were identified on chromosome 1B in the irrigated environments but none of the QTL for physiological traits was found in this chromosomal region. The major QTL associated with yield and CT (at milking), which explained 15 and 22% of the phenotypic variation, were found on chromosome 3B in terminal drought environment. In the HD population, two QTL associated with yield were identified on chromosomes 2A and 4A in averaged rainfed environments in which yield QTL on chromosome 4A explained 35% of the phenotypic variation. These QTL for yield were associated with later FLS. Through the genetic dissection of yield into component traits, this study may help to incorporate quantitative traits into wheat drought breeding programs through marker-assisted selection.
Download or read book Proceedings of the 11th International Wheat Genetics Symposium 24 29 August 2008 Brisbane Qld Australia written by Rudi Appels and published by Sydney University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers herein are volume 1 of the proceedings of the 11th International Wheat Genetics Symposium, held in Brisbane, Australia, in 2008. The series presents the science of the genetic sciences applied to bread and durum wheats and other species.
Download or read book Plant Breeding for Water Limited Environments written by Abraham Blum and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-09 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume will be the only existing single-authored book offering a science-based breeder’s manual directed at breeding for water-limited environments. Plant breeding is characterized by the need to integrate information from diverse disciplines towards the development and delivery of a product defines as a new cultivar. Conventional breeding draws information from disciplines such as genetics, plant physiology, plant pathology, entomology, food technology and statistics. Plant breeding for water-limited environments and the development of drought resistant crop cultivars is considered as one of the more difficult areas in plant breeding while at the same time it is becoming a very pressing issue. This volume is unique and timely in that it develops realistic solutions and protocols towards the breeding of drought resistant cultivars by integrating knowledge from environmental science, plant physiology, genetics and molecular biology.
Download or read book Salinity and Water Stress written by M. Ashraf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-26 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salinity and water stress limit crop productivity worldwide and generate substantial economic losses each year, yet innovative research on crop and natural resource management can reveal cost-effective ways in which farmers can increase both their productivity and their income. Presenting recent research findings on salt stress, water stress and stress-adapted plants, this book offers insights into new strategies for increasing the efficiency of crops under stressful environments. The strategies are based on conventional breeding and advanced molecular techniques used by plant physiologists, and are discussed using specific case studies to illustrate their potential. The book emphasizes the effects of environmental factors on specific stages of plant development, and discusses the role of plant growth regulators, nutrients, osmoprotectants and antioxidants in counteracting their adverse affects. Synthesising updated information on mechansisms of stress tolerance at cell, tissue and whole-plant level, this book provides a useful reference text for post graduate students and researchers involved in the fields of stress physiology and plant physiology in general, with additional readership amongst researchers in horticulture, agronomy, crop science, conservation, environmental management and ecological restoration.
Download or read book QTL Mapping in Crop Improvement written by Shabir Hussain Wani and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-11-19 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: QTL Mapping in Crop Improvement: Present Progress and Future Perspectives presents advancements in QTL breeding for biotic and abiotic stresses and nutritional improvement in a range of crop plants. The book presents a roadmap for future breeding for resilience to various stresses and improvement in nutritional quality. Crops such as rice, wheat, maize, soybeans, common bean, and pigeon pea are the major staple crops consumed globally, hence fulfilling the nutritional requirements of global populations, particularly in the under-developed world, is extremely important. Sections cover the challenges facing maximized production of these crops, including diseases, insect damage, drought, heat, salinity and mineral toxicity. Covering globally important crops including maize, wheat, rice, barley, soybean, common bean and pigeon pea, this book will be an important reference for those working in agriculture and crop improvement. Uses the latest molecular markers to identify QTLs/genes responsible for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants Includes multiple core crops for efficient comparison and translational learning Provides a ready reference for improving quality traits through the use of the latest technologies
Download or read book Plant Soil Water Relationships A Modern Synthesis written by Paul J. Kramer and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants written by Mirza Hasanuzzaman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-10 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents various aspects of salt and drought stress signaling in crops, combining physiological, biochemical, and molecular studies. Salt and drought stress are two major constraints on crop production worldwide. Plants possess several mechanisms to cope with the adverse effects of salt and drought. Among these mechanisms, stress signaling is very important, because it integrates and regulates nuclear gene expression and other cellular activities, which can help to restore cellular homeostasis. Accordingly, understanding the signaling cascades will help plant biologists to grasp the tolerance mechanisms that allow breeders to develop tolerant crop varieties. This book is an essential resource for researchers and graduate students working on salt and drought stress physiology and plant breeding.
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of a Region Associated with Heat and Drought Tolerance on Chromosome 3B of Hexaploid Wheat Triticum Aestivum written by Julien Bonneau and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought and heat can occur during the growth cycle of crops and severely reduce yield. A QTL associated with yield and yield-related component was found in four wheat populations (Triticum aestivum L.) on the long arm of chromosome 3B "qYDH.3BL". The four populations were grown under various climatic conditions including drought, heat and combinations of both in a number of different areas (Australia and Mexico). Linear mixed models that partition and account for genetic and non-genetic or extraneous variation were used to detect loci in single-environment and/or multi-environment QTL analysis using ASReml-R. The alleles carried by RAC875, Excalibur or Drysdale improved grain yield by between 5% and 12.5%. Two doubled haploid populations (RAC875/Kukri and Excalibur/Kukri) and two recombinant inbred line populations (RAC875/Kukri and Gladius/Drysdale) were used to fine map qYDH.3BL and identify candidate gene(s). A total of thirty-seven molecular markers were mapped on one or both genetic maps of chromosome 3B enabling development of a consensus genetic map of the qYDH.3BL region. The markers were selected based on comparisons with a published "neighbour map" of chromosome 3B or designed using either BAC-end, contig or gene sequences from the chromosome 3B sequencing project; 3BSEQ (http://urgi.versailles.inra.fr/) (cv. Chinese Spring). A positional cloning approach was used to identify candidate genes for qYDH.3BL. Molecular markers from the targeted region were assigned to physical contigs by screening the chromosome 3B BAC library experimentally using PCR or in silico by sequence comparison. A total of eight physical contigs containing 85 genes, were anchored to the qYDH.3BL region. Public and in-house resources of wheat transcript sequences were used to restrict the gene list to 65 expressed genes. Based on comparison of the 65 gene sequences to gene probes in a drought transcriptomic database, three genes were found to be differentially expressed between RAC875 and Kukri under drought conditions. Short genomic sequence reads (10x coverage) from each of the five parental lines (RAC875, Kukri, Excalibur, Gladius and Drysdale) were mapped against the 65 genes for polymorphism discovery. One gene exhibited sequence polymorphism between the drought tolerant parents (RAC875, Excalibur and Drysdale) and the drought-sensitive parents (Gladius and Kukri). In addition, presence/absence polymorphisms were consistently detected throughout a region containing 12 genes, indicating that the drought tolerant parents may have a deletion (or alien introgression) in this region. Thus, in this work, we confirmed the genetic effect of qYDH.3BL in multiple environments and multiple populations, saturated the target region with new molecular markers and defined a preliminary list of genes located in the qYDH.3BL region and selected candidate genes for further investigations.
Download or read book Genetic Analyses of Wheat and Molecular Marker Assisted Breeding Volume 1 written by Jichun Tian and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book mainly describes the QTL mappings and efficacy analyses that are associated with wheat productivity, quality, physiology and various stress resistances and provides summaries of results from studies conducted both at home and abroad. It presents comparable data and analyses, helping readers to arrive at a more comprehensive understanding of the latest development in this field. The book provides a wealth of novel information, broad range of applications and in-depth findings on crop genetics and molecular breeding, making it valuable not only for plant breeders but also for academic faculties, senior researchers and advanced graduate students who are involved in plant breeding and genetics. Dr. Jichun Tian is a professor at the Department of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China.
Download or read book Physiological Breeding written by Alistair Pask and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 2012 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Evaluation of Drought Tolerance Traits in Hard Red Spring Wheat Triticum Aestivum L Genotypes written by Luis M. Viega and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wheat Blast written by Sudheer Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat Blast provides systematic and practical information on wheat blast pathology, summarises research progress and discusses future perspectives based on current understanding of the existing issues. The book explores advance technologies that may help in deciding the path for future research and development for better strategies and techniques to manage the wheat blast disease. It equips readers with basic and applied understanding on the identification of disease, its distribution and chances of further spread in new areas, its potential to cause yield losses to wheat, the conditions that favour disease development, disease prediction modelling, resistance breeding methods and management strategies against wheat blast. Features: Provides comprehensive information on wheat blast pathogen and its management under a single umbrella Covers disease identification and diagnostics which will be helpful to check introduction in new areas Discusses methods and protocol to study the different aspects of the disease such as diagnostics, variability, resistance screening, epiphytotic creation etc. Gives deep insight on the past, present and future outlook of wheat blast research progress This book’s chapters are contributed by experts and pioneers in their respective fields and it provides comprehensive insight with updated findings on wheat blast research. It serves as a valuable reference for researchers, policy makers, students, teachers, farmers, seed growers, traders, and other stakeholders dealing with wheat.
Download or read book Inheritance and Improvement of Disease Resistance or Stress Tolerance for Triticeae Crops written by Pengtao Ma and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-03-28 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Wheat Genetics From Genome to Field written by Yasunari Ogihara and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-15 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings is a collection of 46 selected papers that were presented at the 12th International Wheat Genetics Symposium (IWGS). Since the launch of the wheat genome sequencing project in 2005, the arrival of draft genome sequences has marked a new era in wheat genetics and genomics, catalyzing rapid advancement in the field. This book provides a comprehensive review of the forefront of wheat research, across various important topics such as germplasm and genetic diversity, cytogenetics and allopolyploid evolution, genome sequencing, structural and functional genomics, gene function and molecular biology, biotic stress, abiotic stress, grain quality, and classical and molecular breeding. Following an introduction, 9 parts of the book are dedicated to each of these topics. A final, 11th part entitled “Toward Sustainable Wheat Production” contains 7 excellent papers that were presented in the 12th IWGS Special Session supported by the OECD. With rapid population growth and radical climate changes, the world faces a global food crisis and is in need of another Green Revolution to boost yields of wheat and other widely grown staple crops. Although this book focuses on wheat, many of the newly developed techniques and results presented here can be applied to other plant species with large and complex genomes. As such, this volume is highly recommended for all students and researchers in wheat sciences and related plant sciences and for those who are interested in stable food production and food security.
Download or read book Wheat in a Global Environment written by Z. Bedo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat breeders have achieved significant results over the last fifty years in research on mankind's one of the most important crops. Classical genetic and breeding methods, far broader international cooperation than was experienced in earlier periods, and improvements in agronomic techniques have led to previously unimaginable development in the utilisation of wheat for human consumption. The contribution of wheat researchers is particularly noteworthy since these results have been achieved at a time when the world population has grown extremely dynamically. Despite this demographic explosion, of a proportion never previously experienced, thousands of millions of people have been saved from starvation, thus avoiding unpredictable social consequences and situations irreconcilable with human dignity. Despite these developments in many regions of the world food supplies are still uncertain and the increase in the world's wheat production has not kept pace with the population increase during the last decade. Due to the evils of civilisation and the pollution of the environment there is a constant decline in the per capita area of land suitable for agricultural production. Based on population estimates for 2030, the present wheat yield of around 600 million tonnes will have to be increased to almost 1000 million tonnes if food supplies are to be maintained at the present level.
