Download or read book Pytheas of Massalia written by Lionel Scott and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2021-11-21 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pytheas of Massalia (Marseille), mariner, explorer, geographer and astronomer, made a pioneering voyage into the then unknown Atlantic around 325 BC, reaching Britain and the Baltic; this book collects and translates the references to him and his book (which is lost), and discusses and explains them. The Greeks of Pytheas' time knew virtually nothing of northern Europe beyond the often-fantastical stories of traders, and Pytheas was the first person to provide factual, first-hand information on this region. His journey covered Iberia, France, Britain, from where he travelled so far north that he encountered ice floes; he then reached the Baltic. It was he who recorded Thule, and his astronomy enabled him to locate it on the Arctic Circle. Two thirds of our references to Pytheas come from Pliny and Strabo; their methods of work, as well as the perils of manuscript transmission, are explored in this volume. Scott also includes discussions and appendices on these areas to enable the scope of available references to be understood as a whole. There are some details of Pytheas' voyage that are lost, but the book offers balanced reasons for proposing how we may reasonably fill them in. The breadth of Pytheas' achievements and the areas and topics his work covers mean that he has a wide range of appeal within classical studies and ancient history. This volume provides an invaluable resource to undergraduate and postgraduate students of early geography and astronomy, and Greece’s knowledge of and relationship to the rest of Europe in this period.
Download or read book The Extraordinary Voyage of Pytheas the Greek written by Barry Cunliffe and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2002-04-01 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The archaeologist-author of The Ancient Celts provides an in-depth account of the fourth-century B.C. expedition of Pytheas, a Greek explorer who traveled from the Greek colony of Massalia (Marseille) to the distant lands of northern Europe, including Britain, Denmark, and, possibly, Iceland.
Download or read book On the Ocean written by Pytheas (of Massalia.) and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pytheas of Massalia written by Lionel Scott and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-21 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pytheas of Massalia (Marseille), mariner, explorer, geographer and astronomer, made a pioneering voyage into the then unknown Atlantic around 325 BC, reaching Britain and the Baltic; this book collects and translates the references to him and his book (which is lost), and discusses and explains them. The Greeks of Pytheas' time knew virtually nothing of northern Europe beyond the often-fantastical stories of traders, and Pytheas was the first person to provide factual, first-hand information on this region. His journey covered Iberia, France, Britain, from where he travelled so far north that he encountered ice floes; he then reached the Baltic. It was he who recorded Thule, and his astronomy enabled him to locate it on the Arctic Circle. Two thirds of our references to Pytheas come from Pliny and Strabo; their methods of work, as well as the perils of manuscript transmission, are explored in this volume. Scott also includes discussions and appendices on these areas to enable the scope of available references to be understood as a whole. There are some details of Pytheas' voyage that are lost, but the book offers balanced reasons for proposing how we may reasonably fill them in. The breadth of Pytheas' achievements and the areas and topics his work covers mean that he has a wide range of appeal within classical studies and ancient history. This volume provides an invaluable resource to undergraduate and postgraduate students of early geography and astronomy, and Greece’s knowledge of and relationship to the rest of Europe in this period.
Download or read book The Greek Empire of Marseille written by Christopher Gunstone and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2013-07-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Where does the name Britain come from and who gave it? The astronomer Pytheas of Massalia (Marseille) exploring the North Atlantic in the 320s B.C. discovered, measured, circumnavigated and named Britain 265 years before the Romans. He took measurements at five points on his journey, which have been verified. He corrected the position of the North Pole and developed the theory that the earth was a sphere. Marseille (Massalia) in France was founded by Greeks in 600 B.C. en route to get silver from Spain. Due to the Persian invasion in 546 B.C. Greek refugees from Ionia swelled their western colonies and settlements. Marseille now led and founded several cities of its own in France, Spain, Monaco and Corsica still existing today as Nice, Monaco, Antibes, Le Brusc, Agde, Roses, Sant Marti d'Empuries and Aleria. Marseille saved Rome from extinction when besieged by the Celts in 390 B.C. and played a crucial part in stopping supplies from Spain reaching Hannibal fighting the Romans in Italy. Hannibal and his elephants went over the Alps to avoid a well-fortified Marseille blocking the fabled coastal road used by mythical Hercules. Aristotle, Strabo and Cicero praised Marseille's government as the 'best ordered' of all the aristocracies. Marseille (Massalia) the city founded by merchants could be described, given another definition of an empire, as 'an extensive enterprise under a unified authority'. Marseille lasted as an independent Greek city-state over 700 years: continuing as a Greek city under the Romans: and for a period under the Franks from the sixth century A.D. After a long siege Marseille suffered its first defeat by Julius Caesar in the civil war with Pompey losing most of its empire. With Caesar dead attempts to regain its lost territories were blocked by Mark Antony while the city itself was allowed to stay independent. Marseille continued as a Greek university city of famous schools where 'notable' Romans and the consul Agricola, Governor of Britain, were educated. Quotes from primary sources give you the words of the time together with archaeological evidence on a remarkable and little known part of our history.
Download or read book Through the Pillars of Herakles written by Duane W. Roller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this first study of the Greek and Roman exploration for over half a century, Duane W. Roller presents an important examination of the impact of the Greeks and Romans on the world through the Pillars of Herakles and beyond the Mediterranean Roller chronicles a detailed account of the series of explorers who were to discover the entire Atlantic coast; north to Iceland, Scandinavia and the Baltic, and south into the Africa tropics. His account examines these early pioneers and their discoveries, and contributes a brand new chapter to the history of exploration. Based not only on the literary evidence, but also personal knowledge of the areas from the Arctic to west Africa, the book looks at the people, from the earliest Greeks, through the Carthaginians to the Romans, and examines their exploration of this vast and largely unfamiliar territory. Discussing for the first time the relevance of Iceland and the Arctic to Greco-Roman culture, this groundbreaking work is an enthralling and informative read that will be an invaluable study resource for Greek and Roman history courses
Download or read book Brill s Companion to Ancient Geography written by Serena Bianchetti and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-11-24 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brill's Companion to Ancient Geography is the first collection of studies on historical geography of the ancient world that focuses on topics considered crucial for understanding the development of geographical thought.
Download or read book North to Thule written by John Frye and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Eratosthenes Geography written by Eratosthenes and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-24 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first modern edition and first English translation of one of the earliest and most important works in the history of geography, the third-century Geographika of Eratosthenes. In this work, which for the first time described the geography of the entire inhabited world as it was then known, Eratosthenes of Kyrene (ca. 285-205 BC) invented the discipline of geography as we understand it. A polymath who served as librarian at Alexandria and tutor to the future King Ptolemy IV, Eratosthenes created the terminology of geography, probably including the word geographia itself. Building on his previous work, in which he determined the size and shape of the earth, Eratosthenes in the Geographika created a grid of parallels and meridians that linked together every place in the world: for the first time one could figure out the relationship and distance between remote localities, such as northwest Africa and the Caspian Sea. The Geographika also identified some four hundred places, more than ever before, from Thoule (probably Iceland) to Taprobane (Sri Lanka), and from well down the coast of Africa to Central Asia. This is the first collation of the more than 150 fragments of the Geographika in more than a century. Each fragment is accompanied by an English translation, a summary, and commentary. Duane W. Roller provides a rich background, including a history of the text and its reception, a biography of Eratosthenes, and a comprehensive account of ancient Greek geographical thought and of Eratosthenes' pioneering contribution to it. This edition also includes maps that show all of the known places named in the Geographika, appendixes, a bibliography, and indexes.
Download or read book Pytheas written by Charles Francis Christopher Hawkes and published by Board of Management of Myres Memorial Fund. This book was released on 1977 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploration written by Stewart Angas Weaver and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This clear, succinct, and elegant contribution to the 'Very Short Introductions' series surveys the history of global exploration and assesses the motives, for good and ill, of those who undertook it. Stewart Weaver traces the history of exploration from the first explorers (including Polynesian and Micronesian peoples, the ancient Greeks, Marco Polo, and Ibn BattÐta), to the European discover of America, the Enlightenment and exploration (focusing on James Cook), and the race to the north and south poles
Download or read book The Amber Seeker written by Mandy Haggith and published by Saraband. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Ambitious and imaginative, believable and compelling." The ScotsmanNorthern Britain, Iron Age. Pytheas of Massalia, the famed Greek explorer, roves the icy northern lands of Celtic Britain and beyond, in search of amber and other precious goods. But he also craves another encounter with Rian, the slave he fell in love with during a former voyage, who continues to haunt him. Rian, however, has other ideas. She has no desire to see Pytheas, and she won’t let go of her family, or her freedom, without a fight. As Pytheas navigates plundered riches, feuding warlords and an ancient curse, will he succeed in finding what he set out for? In the second volume of this extraordinary, imaginative trilogy, Mandy Haggith takes us back to prehistoric times for an intergenerational saga ranging from the Sub-Arctic to the Mediterranean. The Amber Seeker revisits the unforgettable cast of characters we met in The Walrus Mutterer, weaving another visceral tale of loss, longing and revenge in 320 BC.
Download or read book Geography in Classical Antiquity written by Daniela Dueck and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the earliest ideas of geography in antiquity and how much knowledge there was of the physical world.
Download or read book The Boat of a Million Years written by Poul Anderson and published by Open Road Media. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A New York Times Notable Book and Hugo and Nebula Award Finalist: This epic chronicle of ten immortals over the course of history “succeeds admirably” (The New York Times). The immortals are ten individuals born in antiquity from various cultures. Immune to disease, able to heal themselves from injuries, they will never die of old age—although they can fall victim to catastrophic wounds. They have walked among mortals for millennia, traveling across the world, trying to understand their special gifts while searching for one another in the hope of finding some meaning in a life that may go on forever. Following their individual stories over the course of human history and beyond into a richly imagined future, “one of science fiction’s most revered writers” (USA Today) weaves a broad tapestry that is “ambitious in scope, meticulous in detail, polished in style” (Library Journal).
Download or read book The Extraordinary Voyage of Pytheas the Greek written by Barry Cunliffe and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2003-03-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around 330 b.c., a remarkable adventurer named Pytheas set out from the Greek colony of Massalia (now Marseille) on the Mediterranean Sea to explore the fabled, terrifying lands of northern Europe. Renowned archaeologist Barry Cunliffe here re-creates Pytheas's unprecedented journey, which occurred almost 300 years before Julius Caesar landed in Britain. Beginning with an invaluable pocket history of early Mediterranean civilization, Cunliffe illuminates what Pytheas would have seen and experienced—the route he likely took to reach Brittany, then Britain, Iceland, and Denmark; and evidence of the ancient cultures he would have encountered on shore. The discoveries Pytheas made would reverberate throughout the civilized world for years to come, and in recounting his extraordinary voyage, Cunliffe chronicles an essential chapter in the history of civilization.
Download or read book Negotiating Identity in the Ancient Mediterranean written by Denise Demetriou and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-22 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the creation of identities through cross-cultural interactions in multiethnic commercial settlements in the Archaic and Classical Mediterranean.
Download or read book Closing the Helix written by Margarett Mirley and published by Troubador Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2007 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opulent eastern cities were still reeling from Alexander's devastating conquests when Pytheas the Greek adventurer quietly slipped moorings at Massalia in southern Gaul to face the unknown ocean and explore the remote north. Pytheas the adventurer, who rounded Britain and even ventured as far as the Baltic Sea so long ago, is a fascinating enigma. What inspired him to do it? Adventure? Trade? The pursuit of knowledge? Or had he personal reasons? Not only an educated adventurer who survived to write two books, Pytheas was surely young to embark on such a gruelling and hazardous expedition.He was also clearly familiar with celestial navigation and ships - as would any merchant who traded out of Massalia. Only fragments and reference to his accounts remain, yet such were his revelations that 200 years on the Roman geographer Strabo, who never went beyond the straits of Sicily, called him a lying fantasist...because Pytheas also claimed to have ventured far beyond Britain to a mysterious place called Thoule. Not only were his astronomical observations there used by ancient scholars to prove that the earth was a sphere, tantalising hints reveal what else Pytheas recorded of that extraordinary three year expedition. But what of Pytheas the man? Who went with him? How did they travel such distances - and get by hostile Phoenicians who controlled access to the great ocean?
