Download or read book Pupil Reactions in Response to Human Mental Activity written by Minoru Nakayama and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-28 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on a development for assessing mental changes using eye pupil reactions, namely extracting emotional change from the response to evaluate the viewer's interest in visual information. The pupil of the eye reacts to both brightness and emotional state, including interest, enjoyment, and mental workload. Because pupillary change is a biological signal, various artifacts influence measurements of eye images. Technical procedures are required to extract mental activities from pupillary changes, and they are summarized here step by step, although some procedures contain earlier techniques such as analog video processing. This study examines the possibility of estimating the viewer's interest and enjoyment of viewing movies by measuring the dynamic pupillary changes, blinking, and subjective interest responses. In evaluation of pupil size, there was a significant difference in pupil size between the higher and the lower shot for the degree of subject interest response in each kind of movies. The first part of the book shows a pupil reaction model for brightness changes to extract mental activities. Pupil reactions were observed for various visual stimuli in brightness changes. With regard to the characteristics of pupillary changes, a model with a three-layer neural network was developed and the performance was evaluated. Characteristics of pupil reactions during model development are summarized here. The second part examines the possibility of estimating the viewer's interest and enjoyment of television programs by measuring dynamic pupillary changes, blinking, and subjective interest responses. The final part describes a development of estimation model of pupil size for blink artifact. The model development was able to estimate pupillary changes and pupil size while the viewer was blinking and was applied to pupillary changes in viewing television programs.

Download or read book Human Computer Interaction INTERACT 2017 written by Regina Bernhaupt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-19 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The four-volume set LNCS 10513—10516 constitutes the proceedings of the 16th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, INTERACT 2017, held in Mumbai, India, in September 2017. The total of 68 papers presented in these books was carefully reviewed and selected from 221 submissions. The contributions are organized in topical sections named: Part I: adaptive design and mobile applications; aging and disabilities; assistive technology for blind users; audience engagement; co-design studies; cultural differences and communication technology; design rationale and camera-control. Part II: digital inclusion; games; human perception, cognition and behavior; information on demand, on the move, and gesture interaction; interaction at the workplace; interaction with children. Part III: mediated communication in health; methods and tools for user interface evaluation; multi-touch interaction; new interact ion techniques; personalization and visualization; persuasive technology and rehabilitation; and pointing and target selection.

Download or read book Psychophysiology written by John L. Andreassi and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2010-05-26 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As new technology fuels the rapid growth of research in psychophysiology, it is essential that those new to the field receive a comprehensive introduction. Psychophysiology: Human Behavior and Physiological Response provides students with elementary information regarding the anatomy and physiology of various body systems, recording techniques, integrative reviews of literature, and concepts in the field. Highly accessible, this book fills a gap between edited handbooks that are often difficult for beginners, and journal articles that may also be a challenge to digest. In this new edition, John L. Andreassi incorporates: *a glossary of terms at the end of each chapter to help students learn definitions of novel terms introduced throughout the book; *a new chapter focusing on the proliferation of neuroimaging studies, including positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI); and *content changes in all chapters to cover new areas of research, as well as to update findings in traditional topics of interest. Upper level undergraduate and beginning graduate students in psychophysiology, biological psychology, cognitive neuroscience, and physiological psychology will benefit immensely from this important text, just as professionals new to psychophysiology will find this book exceptionally useful in their work.

Download or read book Current Directions in Ostracism Social Exclusion and Rejection Research written by Selma Rudert and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume provides an up-to-date review of current research on ostracism, social exclusion, and rejection. The book shows why exclusion and rejection occur, how they affect the excluded individuals, and the consequences they might have for individuals and organizations. Ostracism, social exclusion, and rejection are common phenomena, both at the individual level, such as ostracism in the classroom or at the workplace, as well as on a societal or even global scale, such as immigration or asylum policies. Examining key concepts such as the long-term effects of ostracism, the developmental and cultural perspective on ostracism, and the detrimental impact that social exclusion may have on individuals and societies, the authors provide an up-to-date overview of the research field and present new conceptual models and methodological approaches. Featuring discussion of promising areas, novel pathways for research, and cutting-edge developments, this is the most comprehensive bringing-together of research on this topic. The book gives both a broad state-of-the-art overview of the field as well as discussing cutting-edge ideas and promising areas for future research; it is essential for students, researchers of social psychology, and policy makers interested in this field.

Download or read book Modern Pupillometry written by Megan H. Papesh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pupillometry, the study of the eyes’ pupils, has a rich history dating back to the 1800s. For example, to appear “dark with desire,” women once used atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade) as a cosmetic, because the atropine dilated their pupils, making them appear more romantically aroused. We now know that this relationship is largely driven by the activity of the sympathetic nervous system; specifically, a small brainstem nucleus known as the locus coeruleus (LC). Because of tight connections between the musculature of the eyes and LC, monitoring the pupils can reveal important insights into brain activity during mental processes. Many of these processes are related to attention and arousal (cognitive or emotional), with the LC controlling mental readiness via secretion of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. While these complicated neurochemical processes happen in the brain, they are often overtly observable via pupil dilation. Although pupillometry was popular in the 1960s and 1970s, it fell out of favor until experiencing a renaissance approximately 10 years ago. With the advent of new eye-tracking and neural recording technology, measuring (and analyzing) pupil size is now easier than ever. Because all modern eye-trackers use pupil size in the calculation of gaze location, they also provide researchers with moment-by-moment pupil size measures in output files. Although previously considered “extra” data to support gaze location analyses, researchers have begun to conduct eye-tracking studies solely to gain access to pupil size data. These data have been used to study thought processes in many domains, including cognitive science, psychopathologies, business/marketing, security contexts, and the study of addiction. The diversity of interest in pupillometry is matched by the diversity in approaches taken to data collection, analysis, and interpretation. To date, there exists no book or tutorial review devoted specifically to ensuring that researchers carry out rigorous and reproducible work across these varied domains. Modern Pupillometry: Cognition, Neuroscience, and Practical Applications fills this gap by exploring the history, neuroscience, and methodological considerations of pupillometry research within and beyond psychology. .

Download or read book Internet Addiction written by Christian Montag and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this successful book provides further and in-depth insight into theoretical models dealing with Internet addiction, as well as includes new therapeutical approaches. The editors also broach the emerging topic of smartphone addiction. This book combines a scholarly introduction with state-of-the-art research in the characterization of Internet addiction. It is intended for a broad audience including scientists, students and practitioners. The first part of the book contains an introduction to Internet addiction and their pathogenesis. The second part of the book is dedicated to an in-depth review of neuroscientific findings which cover studies using a variety of biological techniques including brain imaging and molecular genetics. The third part of the book focuses on therapeutic interventions for Internet addiction. The fourth part of the present book is an extension to the first edition and deals with a new emerging potential disorder related to Internet addiction – smartphone addiction. Moreover, in this second edition of the book new content has been added. Among others, the reader will find an overview of theoretical models dealing with Internet addiction, results from twin studies in the context of Internet addiction and additional insights into therapeutic approaches to Internet addiction.

Download or read book Advances in Experimental Social Psychology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1982-03-22 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Experimental Social Psychology

Download or read book Pupillary Movements During Acute and Chronic Fatigue written by Otto Lowenstein and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Biobehavioral Approaches to Self Regulation written by Guido H.E. Gendolla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-22 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​How can people master their own thoughts, feelings, and actions? This question is central to the scientific study of self-regulation. The behavioral side of self-regulation has been extensively investigated over the last decades, but the biological machinery that allows people to self-regulate has mostly remained vague and unspecified. Handbook of Biobehavioral Approaches to Self-Regulation corrects this imbalance. Moving beyond traditional mind-body dualities, the various contributions in the book examine how self-regulation becomes established in cardiovascular, hormonal, and central nervous systems. Particular attention is given to the dynamic interplay between affect and cognition in self-regulation. The book also addresses the psychobiology of effort, the impact of depression on self-regulation, the development of self-regulation, and the question what causes self-regulation to succeed or fail. These novel perspectives provide readers with a new, biologically informed understanding of self-awareness and self-agency. Among the topics being covered are: Self-regulation in an evolutionary perspective. The muscle metaphor in self-regulation in the light of current theorizing on muscle physiology. From distraction to mindfulness: psychological and neural mechanisms of attention strategies in self-regulation. Self-regulation in social decision-making: a neurobiological perspective. Mental effort: brain and autonomic correlates in health and disease. A basic and applied model of the body-mind system. Handbook of Biobehavioral Approaches to Self-Regulation provides a wealth of theoretical insights into self-regulation, with great potential for future applications for improving self-regulation in everyday life settings, including education, work, health, and interpersonal relationships. The book highlights a host of exciting new ideas and directions and is sure to provoke a great deal of thought and discussion among researchers, practitioners, and graduate-level students in psychology, education, neuroscience, medicine, and behavioral economics.

Download or read book Multiple Task Performance written by D Damos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with theories of multiple-task performance and focuses on learning and performance. It is primarily for professionals in human factors, psychology, or engineering who are interested in multiple-task performance but have no formal training in the area.

Download or read book A Handbook of Process Tracing Methods written by Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-10 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Handbook of Process Tracing Methods demonstrates how to better understand decision outcomes by studying decision processes, through the introduction of a number of exciting techniques. Decades of research have identified numerous idiosyncrasies in human decision behavior, but some of the most recent advances in the scientific study of decision making involve the development of sophisticated methods for understanding decision process—known as process tracing. In this volume, leading experts discuss the application of these methods and focus on the best practices for using some of the more popular techniques, discussing how to incorporate them into formal decision models. This edition has been expanded and thoroughly updated throughout, and now includes new chapters on mouse tracking, protocol analysis, neurocognitive methods, the measurement of valuation, as well as an overview of important software packages. The volume not only surveys cutting-edge research to illustrate the great variety in process tracing techniques, but also serves as a tutorial for how the novice researcher might implement these methods. A Handbook of Process Tracing Methods will be an essential read for all students and researchers of decision making.

Download or read book Cyber Physical Human Systems written by Anuradha M. Annaswamy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-06-08 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyber–Physical–Human Systems A comprehensive edited volume exploring the latest in the interactions between cyber–physical systems and humans In Cyber–Physical–Human Systems: Fundamentals and Applications, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a robust and up-to-date volume of contributions from leading researchers on Cyber–Physical–Human Systems, an emerging class of systems with increased interactions between cyber–physical, and human systems communicating with each other at various levels across space and time, so as to achieve desired performance related to human welfare, efficiency, and sustainability. The editors have focused on papers that address the power of emerging CPHS disciplines, all of which feature humans as an active component during cyber and physical interactions. Articles that span fundamental concepts and methods to various applications in engineering sectors of transportation, robotics, and healthcare and general socio-technical systems such as smart cities are featured. Together, these articles address challenges and opportunities that arise due to the emerging interactions between cyber–physical systems and humans, allowing readers to appreciate the intersection of cyber–physical system research and human behavior in large-scale systems. In the book, readers will also find: A thorough introduction to the fundamentals of cyber–physical–human systems In-depth discussions of cyber–physical–human systems with applications in transportation, robotics, and healthcare A comprehensive treatment of socio-technical systems, including social networks and smart cities Perfect for cyber–physical systems researchers, academics, and graduate students, Cyber–Physical–Human Systems: Fundamentals and Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of research and development professionals working in industry and government agencies.

Download or read book What Is the Evidence on the Role of the Arts in Improving Health and Well Being written by Daisy Fancourt and published by . This book was released on 2019-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two decades, there has been a major increase in research into the effects of the arts on health and well-being, alongside developments in practice and policy activities in different countries across the WHO European Region and further afield. This report synthesizes the global evidence on the role of the arts in improving health and well-being, with a specific focus on the WHO European Region. Results from over 3000 studies identified a major role for the arts in the prevention of ill health, promotion of health, and management and treatment of illness across the lifespan. The reviewed evidence included study designs such as uncontrolled pilot studies, case studies, small-scale cross-sectional surveys, nationally representative longitudinal cohort studies, community-wide ethnographies and randomized controlled trials from diverse disciplines. The beneficial impact of the arts could be furthered through acknowledging and acting on the growing evidence base; promoting arts engagement at the individual, local and national levels; and supporting cross-sectoral collaboration.

Download or read book Intelligent Human Systems Integration IHSI 2022 Integrating People and Intelligent Systems written by Tareq Ahram, Waldemar Karwowski, Pepetto Di Bucchianico, Redha Taiar, Luca Casarotto and Pietro Costa and published by AHFE International. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 1411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2022): Integrating People and Intelligent Systems, February 22–24, 2022, Venice, Italy

Download or read book Global Action Plan on Physical Activity 2018 2030 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2019-01-21 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and treat noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease stroke diabetes and breast and colon cancer. It also helps to prevent hypertension overweight and obesity and can improve mental health quality of life and well-being. In addition to the multiple health benefits of physical activity societies that are more active can generate additional returns on investment including a reduced use of fossil fuels cleaner air and less congested safer roads. These outcomes are interconnected with achieving the shared goals political priorities and ambition of the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030. The new WHO global action plan to promote physical activity responds to the requests by countries for updated guidance and a framework of effective and feasible policy actions to increase physical activity at all levels. It also responds to requests for global leadership and stronger regional and national coordination and the need for a whole-of-society response to achieve a paradigm shift in both supporting and valuing all people being regularly active according to ability and across the life course. The action plan was developed through a worldwide consultation process involving governments and key stakeholders across multiple sectors including health sports transport urban design civil society academia and the private sector.

Download or read book The Superior Colliculus written by William C. Hall and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-25 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Superior Colliculus: New Approaches for Studying Sensorimotor Integration discusses new experimental and theoretical approaches to investigating how the brain transforms sensory signals into the motor commands that are used to shift the direction of gaze. The material includes the potential models for sensorimotor integration in the primate bra

Download or read book The Pupil Behavior Anatomy Physiology and Clinical Biomarkers written by Andrew J. Zele and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-06-22 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.