Download or read book Pulsed laser Induced Dewetting of Metallic Nanostructures written by Christopher Aidan Hartnett and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores the fluid dynamics of nano and microscale liquid metal filaments, with an emphasis on experimentally investigating the influences and causes of filament breakup and metallic nanostructure formation. Understanding and manipulating the liquid state properties of materials, especially metals, have the potential to advance the development of future technology, particularly nanoscale technology. The combination of top-down nanofabrication techniques with bottom-up, intrinsic self-assembly mechanisms are a powerful fusion, because it permits new and unusual nanostructures to be created, whilst revealing interesting nanoscale physics. In fluid dynamics, wetting and dewetting is the spontaneous natural process that occurs when a liquid supported on a substrate seeks to minimize its systems energy. Either by covering the substrate surface, in the case of wetting, or by rupturing and assembling into a collection of smaller liquid fragments; typically droplets, with minimal contact and surface area with the substrate and the surrounding gaseous environment. Due to metal's unique liquid state properties, like low viscosity and high surface energy, the dewetting phase is the prescient realm to experimentally access and study the governing dynamics, instabilities, and mass transport behind metallic nanostructure formation. The work contained in this dissertation seeks to address some basic scientific questions, such as: How to develop reasonably simple but predictive models to describe the competition between instability mechanisms that result in filament coalescence or fragmentation, as a function of filament extent? How to manipulate the intrinsic material properties of liquid metals, like surface energy, to initiate instabilities, like those similar to the Rayleigh-Plateau instability, to encourage self-assembly at the nanoscale? A focused and collaborative approach is contained herein where experiments will be used to drive theoretical and computational simulations and vice versa.

Download or read book Nanoscale Metal Thin Film Dewetting Via Nanosecond Laser Melting written by Yueying Wu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscale metal thin film dewetting via laser treatment is studied in this dissertation. The purpose is to understand: 1) the spatial and temporal nature of intrinsic instabilities; and 2) mass transportation involved in dewetting pattern evolution in metal thin films as well as in lithographically patterned nanostructures; and finally 3) to explore advanced control of metallic nanostructure fabrication via the confluence of top down nanolithography and pulsed laser induced dewetting. This study includes three sections. In first section, thin film Cu-Ni alloys ranging from 2-8nm were synthesized and laser irradiated. The evolution of the spinodal dewetting process is investigated as a function of the thin film composition which ultimately dictates the size distribution and spacing of the nanoparticles, and the optical measurements of the copper rich alloy nanoparticles revealed characteristic plasmonic peaks. In section two, the dewetting behavior of nanolithographically patterned copper rings on Silicon substrate was studied. The self assembly of the rings into ordered nanoparticle/nanodrop arrays was accomplished via nanosecond pulsed laser heating. The resultant length scale of the 13nm and 7nm thick copper rings was correlated to the competition between transport and instabilities time scales during the liquid lifetime of the melted copper rings. To explore the influence of different substrates with different surface energy, the pulsed laser heated assembly of lithographically patterned copper rings on SiO2 substrate was studied in the last section. The correlated transport and instabilities show modified timescales. It is demonstrated again that the original geometry dictates the instability pathway, which for narrow rings obeys the Rayleigh-Plateau instability and for wider rings are influenced by the thin film instability.

Download or read book Nanoscale Pattern Formation from Laser Induced Thin Film Instabilities written by Sagar Prasad Yadavali and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulsed laser assisted pattern formation in single and bilayer metal films was investigated in this dissertation. The overall goals were: (1) to overcome limitations in conventional pulsed laser dewetting techniques, (2) to better understand the role of effects such as thermal gradients, dispersion forces, pressure gradients, and electric fields on pattern formation, and (3) to investigate nanostructure morphology and its progression in the dewetting of bilayer metal films. This study was divided into two parts. In the first part, pulsed laser-induced instabilities of single layer metal films was discussed. The spinodal dewetting of Au films, a novel Rayleigh-Taylor instability induced by pressure gradients, and the role of DC electric field on pattern formation is presented. In pulsed laser dewetting of Au, the trend in particle spacing and diameter was consistent with the predictions of classical spinodal dewetting theory. The early stage dewetting morphology changed from bicontinuous structures to hole like, and thermal gradient forces were found to be significantly weaker than dispersive forces in Au. Next, we showed through experiment and theory that nanoscale Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities can be seen in thin metal films. This instability was a result of pressure gradients developed when Au films were melted inside a bulk fluid like glycerol. One of the primary findings in this pattern formation was that the spacing of the nanoparticles was independent of the film thickness and could be tuned by the magnitude of the pressure gradients. Finally, we concluded this part by presenting the discovery of phase array self assembly of metallic nanoparticles under the application of a DC electric (E) field. In the second part, the morphology evolution under pulsed laser dewetting of a bilayer of the immiscible metals Ag and Co was investigated. We found multiple transitions in morphology for bilayers and correlated these transitions with an experimentally constructed dewetting morphology phase diagram. Finally, the role of thermal gradients was assessed in the formation of a variety of bimetal nanostructure. Work by our collaborator using computational non-linear dynamics showed that different nanoscale morphologies such as core-shell, embedded, or stacked cases could be formed in the Co-Ag system.

Download or read book Pulsed Laser Ablation written by Ion N. Mihailescu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pulsed laser–based techniques for depositing and processing materials are an important area of modern experimental and theoretical scientific research and development, with promising, challenging opportunities in the fields of nanofabrication and nanostructuring. Understanding the interplay between deposition/processing conditions, laser parameters, as well as material properties and dimensionality is demanding for improved fundamental knowledge and novel applications. This book introduces and discusses the basic principles of pulsed laser–matter interaction, with a focus on its peculiarities and perspectives compared to other conventional techniques and state-of-the-art applications. The book starts with an overview of the growth topics, followed by a discussion of laser–matter interaction depending on laser pulse duration, background conditions, materials, and combination of materials and structures. The information outlines the foundation to introduce examples of laser nanostructuring/processing of materials, pointing out the importance of pulsed laser–based technologies in modern (nano)science. With respect to similar texts and monographs, the book offers a comprehensive review including bottom-up and top-down laser-induced processes for nanoparticles and nanomicrostructure generation. Theoretical models are discussed by correlation with advanced experimental protocols in order to account for the fundamentals and underline physical mechanisms of laser–matter interaction. Reputed, internationally recognized experts in the field have contributed to this book. In particular, this book is suitable for a reader (graduate students as well as postgraduates and more generally researchers) new to the subject of pulsed laser ablation in order to gain physical insight into and advanced knowledge of mechanisms and processes involved in any deposition/processing experiment based on pulsed laser–matter interaction. Since knowledge in the field is given step by step comprehensively, this book serves as a valid introduction to the field as well as a foundation for further specific readings.

Download or read book Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 2017 written by ConferenceSeries and published by ConferenceSeries. This book was released on 2017-03-24 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: March 30- 31, 2017 Madrid, Spain Key Topics ; Nano Particles, Nano Electronic devices, Nano Scale Materials, Scope of Nanomaterials, Nanomaterials characterisation and synthesis, Nanozymes, Nanomaterials manufacturing technologies, Nano Structures, Nanomaterials Safety and regulations, Materiomics, Insilico nanostructure modelling, Applications of Nanomaterials, Characterization and properties of Nanomaterials, Advanced Nanomaterials, Nanotech products, Nanodevices and Systems, Nanomedical Devices, Nanotechnology applications, Biomedical Nanomaterials,

Download or read book Noble and Precious Metals written by Mohindar Seehra and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of copper, silver, gold and platinum in jewelry as a measure of wealth is well known. This book contains 19 chapters written by international authors on other uses and applications of noble and precious metals (copper, silver, gold, platinum, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, ruthenium, and rhenium). The topics covered include surface-enhanced Raman scattering, quantum dots, synthesis and properties of nanostructures, and its applications in the diverse fields such as high-tech engineering, nanotechnology, catalysis, and biomedical applications. The basis for these applications is their high-free electron concentrations combined with high-temperature stability and corrosion resistance and methods developed for synthesizing nanostructures. Recent developments in all these areas with up-to-date references are emphasized.

Download or read book Advanced Materials Interfaces written by Ashutosh Tiwari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Material Interfaces is a state-of-the-art look at innovative methodologies and strategies adopted for interfaces and their applications. The 13 chapters are written by eminent researchers not only elaborate complex interfaces fashioned of solids, liquids, and gases, but also ensures cross-disciplinary mixture and blends of physics, chemistry, materials science, engineering and life sciences. Advanced interfaces operate fundamental roles in essentially all integrated devices. It is therefore of the utmost urgency to focus on how newly-discovered fundamental constituents and interfacial progressions can be materialized and used for precise purposes. Interfaces are associated in wide multiplicity of application spectrum from chemical catalysis to drug functions and the advancement is funnelled by fine-tuning of our fundamental understanding of the interface effects.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Nanofabrication Techniques and Applications written by Bo Cui and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2011-12-02 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology has experienced a rapid growth in the past decade, largely owing to the rapid advances in nanofabrication techniques employed to fabricate nano-devices. Nanofabrication can be divided into two categories: "bottom up" approach using chemical synthesis or self assembly, and "top down" approach using nanolithography, thin film deposition and etching techniques. Both topics are covered, though with a focus on the second category. This book contains twenty nine chapters and aims to provide the fundamentals and recent advances of nanofabrication techniques, as well as its device applications. Most chapters focus on in-depth studies of a particular research field, and are thus targeted for researchers, though some chapters focus on the basics of lithographic techniques accessible for upper year undergraduate students. Divided into five parts, this book covers electron beam, focused ion beam, nanoimprint, deep and extreme UV, X-ray, scanning probe, interference, two-photon, and nanosphere lithography.

Download or read book Nanoplasmonics written by Grégory Barbillon and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-06-21 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoplasmonics is a young topic of research, which is part of nanophotonics and nano-optics. Nanoplasmonics concerns to the investigation of electron oscillations in metallic nanostructures and nanoparticles. Surface plasmons have optical properties, which are very interesting. For instance, surface plasmons have the unique capacity to confine light at the nanoscale. Moreover, surface plasmons are very sensitive to the surrounding medium and the properties of the materials on which they propagate. In addition to the above, the surface plasmon resonances can be controlled by adjusting the size, shape, periodicity, and materials' nature. All these optical properties can enable a great number of applications, such as biosensors, optical modulators, photodetectors, and photovoltaic devices. This book is intended for a broad audience and provides an overview of some of the fundamental knowledges and applications of nanoplasmonics.

Download or read book Dewetting Properties of Ag Ni Alloy Thin Films written by Benjamin Scott Wolf and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, pulsed laser induced dewetting of both patterned and continuous Nickel (Ni)-Silver(Ag) thin films was investigated extensively as a novel way to perform directed assembly of nano-particles. First, continuous Ni-Ag thin film dewetting was studied on both bulk and TEM (Transmission electron microscope) membrane substrates at a variety of compositions to better understand the dewetting dynamics of the Ni-Ag system. Then, patterned Ni-Ag thin film dewetting was studied on both bulk and TEM membrane substrates to understand how different patterns and thin film configurations effect nano-particle distribution and formation. All of this work was done in anticipation of the reception of a laser TEM attachment which will allow for in-situ pulsed laser induced dewetting experiments. Our results show that directed assembly of nano-particles is possible by using pulsed laser induced dewetting and that a variety of nano-particle formations and structures can be achieved through this method.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Nanomaterial Synthesis by Pulsed Laser Heating Under Fluids PLHUF written by Venkatanarayana Prasad Sandireddy and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metallic nanoparticles on surfaces have applications in biosensing, reaction monitoring, and solar energy harvesting etc. due their unique properties which are absent in the bulk metal. The size, spacing, shape, areal density and stability are some of the key parameters that determine suitability in applications. Metallic thin film melting in air has been investigated to produce nanoparticles as a relatively inexpensive approach with a predictable size and spacing. However, the main limitation is independent control of particle size and spacing. Recently, Yadavali and Kalyanaraman [1] showed that laser melting of Au films under glycerol lead to the independent control of particle size and spacing. This dissertation is focused on understanding of the behavior of nanoscale Ag metallic systems heated under bulk fluids. Ag thin films, irregular nanostructures, single and bilayer nanopyramids were fabricated using e-beam evaporation and nanosphere lithography then heating either by furnace annealing or nanosecond laser heating in vacuum, air and water-glycerol mixtures. Annealing of Ag/Co bilayer nanopyramids in air at temperature between 373 K to 573 K led to the discovery of the kinetic anchoring mechanism where the high surface energy and lower surface diffusivity of cobalt resulted in the Ag shape stabilization. Nanosecond laser heating of discontinuous Ag nanostructures under water produced a monomodal distribution of nanoparticles with smaller sizes than in air. High pressure gradients generated in the water vapor phase were attributed to this phenomenon. Pulsed laser melting of nanopyramids and thin films under water-glycerol mixtures produced nanoparticles with higher contact angles than in air. This was explained by the change of interfacial energies of quartz and metal surface by introduction of bounding fluids. Finally, nanosecond laser heating of nanopyramids and thin films beyond the boiling temperature of silver led to explosive vaporization in vacuum resulting in formation of small nanoparticles due to re-deposition onto the substrate. Overall, the thermodynamic properties and dispersive properties of the bounding fluid were found to play important roles in the Pulsed Laser Heating Under Fluids or PLHUF process.

Download or read book Laser Induced Synthesis and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Metal Nanoparticles written by Jean-Pierre Abid and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid Based Synthesis of Nanoparticles written by Geetika Bajaj and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pulsed laser ablation in liquid media (PLAL) is a rapidly emerging technique in material science for fabricating metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles. The advantage of this method over the conventional chemical methods is the lower cost, high purity and absence of defects in the formed nanoparticles (NPs). The technique requires the minimum amount of chemical species for synthesis compared to the conventional chemical process and provides greater flexibility in controlling the properties of NPs by suitable choice of laser parameters and liquid medium. This work discuss effect of various laser parameters, surrounding liquid and surfactants on synthesized metal oxide nanostructures. Different approaches to extend PLAL technique to multicomponent material fabrication has been discussed. These multicomponent nanocomposites exhibit modified optical properties, enhanced stability and functionalities.

Download or read book Metal oxide Nanostructures Fabricated from Reactive Laser Ablation in Liquid written by Mallory G. John and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of metal-oxide nanostructures is a growing area due to their applications in diverse fields spanning energy conversion and storage, chemical manufacturing, and en- vironmental technology. This interest in catalytically active nanomaterials has prompted the synthesis and investigation of highly functionalized nanoparticles (NPs), including core- shell, silicate-stabilized, and bi- and multi-metallic nanocomposites. While wet-chemical synthesis methods of metal-oxide nanostructures have led to several morphologies, compositions, and shapes, these syntheses often require high temperatures, toxic solvents or reducing agents, and long reaction times. Laser synthesis and processing of colloids (LSPC) encompasses both 'top down' and 'bottom up' approaches to synthesize metal-oxide nanostructures. Pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) involves focusing laser pulses onto a solid target immersed in a liquid in which target atoms coalesce to form nanostructured materials once ejected into solution. Laser reduction in liquid (LRL) is a second laser-assisted approach to synthesizing nanomaterials, where photochemical reduction of metal salts is achieved by focusing the laser beam into solution. Both PLAL and LRL are able to generate metal and semiconductor NPs at room temperature in aqueous solutions without added surfactants or stabilizers, giving them an advantage over conventional wet-chemical methods. Recently, these two approaches have been combined into a single step- referred to as reactive laser ablation in liquid (RLAL), in which laser ablation of a solid target is carried out in a metal salt solution. This work goes through the synthesis and characterization of femtosecond-RLAL (fs-RLAL)-generated silica-metal nanostructures, and discusses the relationship between the precursor solution composition, the product morphology, and the catalytic activity toward a model para-nitrophenol (PNP) reduction reaction. First, silica-Au NPs were synthesized, exhibiting two populations of product nanoparticles which resulted from reaction dynamics occurring on two distinct timescales. Next, silica-Cu NPs were synthesized under different pH conditions, yielding pH-dependent product morphology. The different morphologies resulted from the surface charge of ablated silica species, which repelled the Cu2 ions in solution at low pH yielding core/shell morphology, and attracted the Cu2+ ions at high pH, forming well-dispersed

Download or read book Ultrafast Laser Nanostructuring written by Razvan Stoian and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-06 with total page 1243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together contributions from leading experts in the field, this book reviews laser processing concepts that allow the structuring of material beyond optical limits, and methods that facilitate direct observation of the underlying mechanisms by exploring direct structuring and self-organization phenomena. The capacity to nanostructure material using ultrafast lasers lays the groundwork for the next generation of flexible and precise material processing tools. Rapid access to scales of 100 nm and below in two and three dimensions becomes a factor of paramount importance to engineer materials and to design innovative functions. To reflect the dynamic nature of the field at all levels from basic science to applications, the book is divided into three parts, Fundamental Processes, Concepts of Extreme Nanostructuring, and Applications, each of which is comprehensively covered. This book will be a useful resource for graduate students and researchers in laser processing, materials engineering, and nanoscience.

Download or read book Emerging Nanomedicines for Diabetes Mellitus Theranostics written by Michael K Danquah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-04-09 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging Nanomedicines for Diabetes Mellitus Theranostics provides readers with information on the development of efficacious nanomedicines as potential theranostic agents for diabetes. The book discusses the application of various novel nanomaterials and nanocomposites for targeted delivery of insulin, glucose sensing, including nano-tattoos as glucose monitors, biosynthesized nanoparticles for diabetes treatment, and pre-clinical and clinical assays to evaluate the efficacy of nanomedicines for diabetes treatment. This is an important references source for materials scientists, pharmaceutical scientists and biomedical engineers who want to increase their understanding of how nanotechnology is being used to improve diabetes treatment. Diabetes has emerged as one of the most common diseases associated with lifestyle choices in the modern world, with significant mortality rates. Conventional treatment methods mainly involve insulin-based therapies. However, insulin therapy possesses several limitations such as weight gain and hypoglycemia. Thus, advanced research in nanomedicine is targeting the development of new and improved diagnostics and treatment methods for diabetes. Explores the significance of nanomaterials and nanocomposites for the controlled delivery of insulin and effective diagnosis of diabetes Assesses the efficacy of novel nano-tattoos as an emerging glucose monitoring system and the potential of biosynthesized nanoparticles as pharmaceutical ingredients for diabetes treatment Describes various pre-clinical and clinical assays to evaluate the toxicity of nanomedicines, along with methods to mitigate the challenges associated with effective diabetes therapy via the use of nanorobots, nanoformulations and smartphone-based technologies

Download or read book Characterization of Pulsed Laser Deposited Metal Oxide Nanoparticles written by Samuli Komulainen and published by . This book was released on 2016-10-07 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: