Download or read book Pugio gladius Brevis Est written by Marco Saliola and published by BAR International Series. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines in depth the pugio (pl. pugiones), a short dagger-sword and one of the weapons of choice of the Roman army - it was the weapon that killed Julius Caesar. Its rich decoration and the use of precious metals have given it legendary status, which has been enhanced by a scarcity of literary sources and the lack of a clear explanation of its function or the specific use soldiers made of it. This work tries to fill this gap, basing its finds exclusively on undisputed data and sources. This study of the pugio takes us through the history and evolution of the Roman army itself.
Download or read book The Roman Gladius and the Ancient Fighting Techniques written by Fabrizio Casprini and published by Frontline Books. This book was released on 2023-01-06 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The backbone of the Roman army was the infantry, armed with a javelin, or pilum, and sword, or gladius. This study investigates not just the weapon itself, and its design and manufacture, but how the sword was originally conceived and how it was employed on the battlefield as an expression of the Roman state. The authors start examining the early swords employed across the Italian Peninsula during the Bronze Age and how these evolved into the gladius, which itself changed in the period of Monarchy with the introduction of the cross-hilt. During Rome’s Consular period, the gladius changed again, and, over time, both the length of the blade and its width were altered. Relying exclusively on historical and archaeological evidence, The Roman Gladius and the Ancient Fighting Techniques shows how the Roman army developed into a highly disciplined body and how fundamental the gladius was to its method of fighting. It also shows how the combat techniques of the Romans evolved as did those of their enemies. The training methods and tactics of the Roman infantry are fully explored and its performance at some of the great battles of the monarchical and consular periods are examined as the area under Roman rule fluctuated with victory or defeat. For the Roman people, the gladius was the object that better than any other showed their identity, since it was a weapon that accompanied the history of the Roman people from its earliest days, changing in shape and design as it was adapted to the varying social, political and military needs. The Roman Gladius and the Ancient Fighting Techniques is the most comprehensive study of this hugely important weapon, which also provides the reader with a complete overview of Roman society, which in this first volume is treated until the end of the Consular period. The book is richly illustrated throughout with drawings and photographs of original weapons and equipment.
Download or read book Army of the Roman Emperors written by Thomas Fischer and published by Casemate Publishers. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 1105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An illustrated history exploring the Imperial Roman army’s many facets, including uniforms, weapons, buildings, and their duties. Compared to modern standard, the Roman army of the Imperial era was surprisingly small. However, when assessed in terms of their various tasks, they by far outstrip modern armies—acting not only as an armed power of the state in external and internal conflicts, but also carrying out functions nowadays performed by police, local government, customs, and tax authorities, as well as constructing roads, ships, and buildings. With this volume, Thomas Fischer presents a comprehensive and unique exploration of the Roman military of the Imperial era. With over 600 illustrations, the costumes, weapons and equipment of the Roman army are explored in detail using archaeological finds dating from the late Republic to Late Antiquity, and from all over the Roman Empire. The army’s buildings and fortifications are also featured. Finally, conflicts, border security, weaponry, and artifacts are all compared, offering a look at the development of the army through time. This work is intended for experts as well as to readers with a general interest in Roman history. It is also a treasure-trove for re-enactment groups, as it puts many common perceptions of the weaponry, equipment, and dress of the Roman army to the test.
Download or read book Hadrian written by Beatriz Santillian and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2017-07-15 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The height of the Roman Empire�s power was during the reign of Hadrian. While endless predecessors and their rivals fought for expansion, Hadrian focused on sustaining his domain and his people�s livelihood. Readers will learn how even such an internal focus can lead to tragedy, specifically by intersecting religion with absolute statesmanship, as the Bar Kokhbah Revolt demonstrated. Regardless, conducting massive city-building projects, fortifying the borders of the empire, and other feats christen Hadrian as the third of the Five Good Emperors. Santillian and Morgan�s exhaustive research culminates in a comprehensive examination of all that Hadrian left in his wake.
Download or read book Roman Swords written by Source Wikipedia and published by University-Press.org. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 36. Chapters: Gladius, Parazonium, Pugio, Sica, Spatha.
Download or read book Ancient Arms Race Antiquity s Largest Fortresses and Sasanian Military Networks of Northern Iran written by Eberhard Sauer and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2023-03-13 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Which ancient army boasted the largest fortifications, and how did the competitive build-up of military capabilities shape world history? Few realise that imperial Rome had a serious competitor in Late Antiquity. Late Roman legionary bases, normally no larger than 5ha, were dwarfed by Sasanian fortresses, often covering 40ha, sometimes even 125-175ha. The latter did not necessarily house permanent garrisons but sheltered large armies temporarily – perhaps numbering 10-50,000 men each. Even Roman camps and fortresses of the Early and High Empire did not reach the dimensions of their later Persian counterparts. The longest fort-lined wall of the late antique world was also Persian. Persia built up, between the fourth and sixth centuries AD, the most massive military infrastructure of any ancient or medieval Near Eastern empire – if not the ancient and medieval world. Much of the known defensive network was directed against Persia’s powerful neighbours in the north rather than the west. This may reflect differences in archaeological visibility more than troop numbers. Urban garrisons in the Romano-Persian frontier zone are much harder to identify than vast geometric compounds in marginal northern lands. Recent excavations in Iran have enabled us to precision-date two of the largest fortresses of Southwest Asia, both larger than any in the Roman world. Excavations in a Gorgan Wall fort have shed much new light on frontier life, and we have unearthed a massive bridge nearby. A sonar survey has traced the terminal of the Tammisheh Wall, now submerged under the waters of the Caspian Sea. Further work has focused on a vast city and settlements in the hinterland. Persia’s Imperial Power, our previous project, had already shed much light on the Great Wall of Gorgan, but it was our recent fieldwork that has thrown the sheer magnitude of Sasanian military infrastructure into sharp relief.
Download or read book First Latin Reader written by Edward Conner Chickering and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Concordantia in Isidori Hispaliensis Etymologias A D written by Ana-Isabel Magallón García and published by Georg Olms Verlag. This book was released on 1995 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Concordantia in Isidori Hispaliensis Etymologias a lemmatized concordance to the Etymologies of Isidore of Sevilla written by Ana-Isabel Magallón García and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Totius latinitatis lexicon written by Egidio Forcellini and published by . This book was released on 1828 with total page 1434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Concordantia in Isidori Hispaliensis Etymologias E L written by Ana-Isabel Magallón García and published by Georg Olms Verlag. This book was released on 1995 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Roman Army of the Principate 27 BC AD 117 written by Nic Fields and published by Osprey Publishing. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Imperial Army established by Augustus drew heavily on the nomenclature and traditions of the late Roman Republic, but was revolutionary in its design. He decided to meet all the military needs of the Empire from a standing, professional army. Military service became a career, and pay and service conditions were established that took account of the categories of soldier in the army: the Praetorian Guard, the citizen legionary troops, and the non-citizen auxiliaries. Enlistment was for 25 years (16 in the Guard), and men were sometimes retained even longer. The loyalty of the new army was to the emperor as commander-in-chief, and not to either the Senate or the People of Rome. Imperial legions became permanent units with their own numbers and titles and many were to remain in existence for centuries to come. Likewise, the auxiliary units (auxilia) of the army were completely reorganized and given regular status. Trained to the same standards of discipline as the legions, the men were long-serving professional soldiers like the legionaries and served in units that were equally permanent. Drawn from a wide range of peoples throughout the provinces, especially on the fringes of the Empire, the auxilia were non-citizens and would receive Roman citizenship upon completion of their twenty-five years under arms.
Download or read book Josephi Dobrowsky Institutiones linguae slavicae dialecti veteris quae quum apud Russos written by J. Dobrovsk? and published by Рипол Классик. This book was released on with total page 805 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Junior Latin Reader written by Frederick Warren Sanford and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cephalopod Culture written by José Iglesias and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cephalopod Culture is the first compilation of research on the culture of cephalopods. It describes experiences of culturing different groups of cephalopods: nautiluses, sepioids (Sepia officinalis, Sepia pharaonis, Sepiella inermis, Sepiella japonica Euprymna hyllebergi, Euprymna tasmanica), squids (Loligo vulgaris, Doryteuthis opalescens, Sepioteuthis lessoniana) and octopods (Amphioctopus aegina, Enteroctopus megalocyathus, Octopus maya, Octopus mimus, Octopus minor, Octopus vulgaris, Robsonella fontaniana). It also includes the main conclusions which have been drawn from the research and the future challenges in this field. This makes this book not only an ideal introduction to cephalopod culture, but also a valuable resource for those already involved in this topic.
Download or read book Gildersleeve s Latin Grammar written by Basil Lanneau Gildersleeve and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Initium written by Reginald Bainbridge Appleton and published by . This book was released on 1916 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
