Download or read book Psychosocial Predictors of Glycemic Control I Underserved Type 2 Diabetics written by Dawn B. Van Alphen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that can be maintained with adjustments in lifestyle and medical intervention that has been proven to minimize complications that occur over time if the disease is not controlled. The benchmark of determining diabetic status is maintenance of glycemic control, which frequently involves radical lifestyle changes, medication management, and stress reduction. Incidence of Type 2 diabetes in underserved minority populations is increasing rapidly; subsequently, those lacking financial resources, medical insurance coverage, education, and family support have even lower rates of glycemic control. Psychological, social, and physical stressors contribute negatively to treatment adherence and overall disease outcome. Uninsured/underinsured minorities have more difficulty achieving and maintaining glycemic control and therefore have poorer overall diabetes outcomes when compared with diabetics who have adequate resources. In order to improve long-term treatment prognosis in this population, current methods of assessing psychosocial factors should be tailored to meet the special needs of this population. The purpose of the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between control of Type 2 diabetes and psychosocial factors in a group of uninsured/underinsured diabetic individuals receiving care at an urban public hospital. Medical records, demographic data, and information obtained from self-report instruments were collected at initial outpatient visits. The current study involved analysis of three self-report instruments designed to measure emotional, psychiatric, and general difficulties involved in maintaining the recommended diabetic lifestyle. From the 62 participants who met the inclusion criteria, completed the questionnaires and self-reports instruments, a total of 50 participants were randomly assigned to either a control or experimental group. These 50 participants were assigned to either a single session of Motivational Interviewing (MI) or psychiatric intake interview/treatment as usual (TAU) in order to determine the effect of brief MI on glycemic control and readiness to change health related behaviors. Information gathered from the remaining 12 participants was included in all but the MI/TAU data analyses. All participants completed questionnaires and self-report instruments of the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Stages of Change (SOC), and Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT). Data was examined using regression and correlation models to investigate the predictive value of psychosocial factors on glycemic control. Results of this study did not successfully demonstrate a significant relationship between glycemic control (HbAlc) emotional stress; psychiatric symptoms and general problems related to diabetes in the population sampled nor did they illustrate a significant relationship between glycemic control and readiness to change health related behaviors or additional variables such as employment status, and activity level. Cultural factors affecting the current findings are discussed along with the importance of exploring ethnic variables related to lifestyle changes and limitations of current treatment protocols. Recommendations for future research including underserved minority populations are addressed.

Download or read book Psychosocial and Demographic Predictors of Self care Behaviors and Glycemic Control in Type II Diabetics written by Ma̲ del Rocío Vindas and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Satisfaction with Life and Biopsychosocial spiritual Health Among Underserved Patients with Diabetes written by Kenneth W. Phelps and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to escalate, especially among vulnerable and underserved populations (CDC, 2008); however, the current landscape of literature has not kept pace with the trends of those most affected. Available data have often pertained to nonunderserved groups and only address part of patients' physical, mental, social, or spiritual lives. The literature review and research articles included in this dissertation integrate available knowledge pertaining to the comprehensive experiences of underserved groups with type 2 diabetes and specifically the understudied concept of satisfaction with life (SWL) among African American and Hispanic minority groups. The first article presented is a literature review written to synthesize studies of underserved populations with type 2 diabetes, including individuals who were of a minority ethnic group, socioeconomically disadvantaged, elderly, uninsured, and/or of lower educational level. The objective of this review was to amalgamate current evidence for underserved groups using a biopsychosocial-spiritual framework (Engel, 1977; Hodgson, Lamson, & Reese, 2007; Wright, Watson, & Bell, 1996). Themes and gaps in knowledge from approximately 1995 to the present were identified. Fifty-one studies were reviewed and grouped into three themes pertaining to overall health and disease management, including: psychological influences; marital, familial, and environmental influences; and spiritual influences. Researchers documented a number of psychological, social, and spiritual variables influencing glycemic control. In particular, depression and relational conflict adversely influenced glycemic control in some cases, whereas availability of social support or spiritual resources frequently assisted in better disease management. Lack of demographic data and attention to diverse groups, as well as, incomplete empirical knowledge prompt the need for further research of the influences of disease management among underserved groups. Three recommendations are suggested: 1) further exploration of the relationship between psychosocial-spiritual influences on diabetes management for uniquely underserved groups; 2) investigation of demographic differences or similarities; and 3) development and use of clinical models incorporating a multidisciplinary, collaborative stance in addressing diabetes for vulnerable populations. The second article extends current literature and aims to meet a number of the above mentioned recommendations. This article is focused on two groups with noted health disparities, African American and Hispanic minorities with type 2 diabetes. It was written to examine associations found between biomedical markers of disease management and psychosocial constructs and assess the correlates and predictors of variability for SWL. Data were collected from 142 minority patients (65 African American and 77 Hispanic) during their first visit within a collaborative care program. Pearson product moment correlations, multiple linear regressions, and one-way analysis of variance were used to examine research questions in this descriptive, quantitative study. Only one weak, significant relationship was noted for BMI and somatization; otherwise, no noteworthy relationships were documented between psychosocial or spiritual constructs and biomedical markers of disease management (HbA1c and body mass index). Psychological distress, social support, and spirituality accounted for 63% of the variance in SWL for African American participants and 29% of the variance in SWL for Hispanic participants. Social support was the strongest predictor of SWL for African American participants, while psychological distress was the strongest predictor of SWL for Hispanic participants. Social support moderated the relationship between psychological distress and SWL for Hispanic participants, while social support did not moderate this relationship for African American participants. Spirituality did not moderate the relationship between psychological distress and SWL for either ethnic group. Clinicians and researchers who work with and study minority patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes may see improvement in patients' SWL when screening for and treating psychopathology, interpersonal strain, and existential struggles. Attention to ethnic variation in research and clinical practice is important since dissimilarity existed in the determinants of SWL and moderators of psychological distress and SWL.

Download or read book An Evaluation of the Relationship Between Stress Depression and Glycemic Control in Low income Patients with Type 2 Diabetes written by Kristen Jennifer Wells and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ABSTRACT: People in low socioeconomic status groups are at increased risk for diabetes mellitus, a group of diseases associated with high levels of blood glucose. High rates of depression have been found in people with diabetes. The study examined the relationship between stress, depression, and glycemic control in low-income type 2 diabetes patients. Participants were recruited at two community health centers that provide free medical care. The following hypotheses were examined: (1) experiencing stressful life events is positively correlated with blood glucose level; (2) negative stressful events have a greater association with glucose level than positive stressful events; (3) depression mediates the relationship between negative stressful events and glucose level (mediation model); (4) the effect of experiencing both negative stressful events and depression is predictive of glucose level (additive model); (5) the interaction between negative stressful events and depression is predictive of glucose level (interactive model); and (6) perceptions of control moderates the relationship between stress and depression. Stressful life events and depression were not related to blood glucose levels in bivariate correlations. The data did not support any of the three models of the relationship between stress, depression, and glycemic control. The strongest predictor of glycemic control was Hispanic ethnicity, however, income and education appear to confound this relationship. Depression was positively correlated with the total number of stressful events and negative stressful events and negatively correlated with perceptions of control. Participants in the study with less than a high school education had the highest amount of depression. In post-hoc analyses, four variables (education, perceptions of control, stressful life events, blood glucose) predicted 58% of the variance in depression, and education and perceptions of control were the strongest predictors. Perceptions of control was a significant partial mediator of the relationship between education and depression and also partially mediated the relationship between stress and depression. The results of the study indicate that decreasing stressful life events and increasing perceptions of control is important in reducing low-income diabetes patients' level of depression.

Download or read book Quality Through Collaboration written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-24 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the innovative Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm, Quality Through Collaboration: The Future of Rural Health offers a strategy to address the quality challenges in rural communities. Rural America is a vital, diverse component of the American community, representing nearly 20% of the population of the United States. Rural communities are heterogeneous and differ in population density, remoteness from urban areas, and the cultural norms of the regions of which they are a part. As a result, rural communities range in their demographics and environmental, economic, and social characteristics. These differences influence the magnitude and types of health problems these communities face. Quality Through Collaboration: The Future of Rural Health assesses the quality of health care in rural areas and provides a framework for core set of services and essential infrastructure to deliver those services to rural communities. The book recommends: Adopting an integrated approach to addressing both personal and population health needs Establishing a stronger health care quality improvement support structure to assist rural health systems and professionals Enhancing the human resource capacity of health care professionals in rural communities and expanding the preparedness of rural residents to actively engage in improving their health and health care Assuring that rural health care systems are financially stable Investing in an information and communications technology infrastructure It is critical that existing and new resources be deployed strategically, recognizing the need to improve both the quality of individual-level care and the health of rural communities and populations.

Download or read book Psychosocial Care for People with Diabetes written by Deborah Young-Hyman and published by American Diabetes Association. This book was released on 2012-12-25 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychosocial Care for People with Diabetes describes the major psychosocial issues which impact living with and self-management of diabetes and its related diseases, and provides treatment recommendations based on proven interventions and expert opinion. The book is comprehensive and provides the practitioner with guidelines to access and prescribe treatment for psychosocial problems commonly associated with living with diabetes.

Download or read book Handbook of Global Health written by Ilona Kickbusch and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 2881 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global health is a rapidly emerging discipline with a transformative potential for public policy and international development. Emphasizing transnational health issues, global health aims to improve health and achieve health equity for all people worldwide. Its multidisciplinary scope includes contributions from many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences, including clinical medicine, public health, social and behavioral sciences, environmental sciences, economics, public policy, law and ethics. This large reference offers up-to-date information and expertise across all aspects of global health and helps readers to achieve a truly multidisciplinary understanding of the topics, trends as well as the clinical, socioeconomic and environmental drivers impacting global health. As a fully comprehensive, state-of-the-art and continuously updated, living reference, the Handbook of Global Health is an important, dynamic resource to provide context for global health clinical care, organizational decision-making, and overall public policy on many levels. Health workers, physicians, economists, environmental and social scientists, trainees and medical students as well as professionals and practitioners will find this handbook of great value.

Download or read book Motivational Interviewing in Diabetes Care written by Marc P. Steinberg and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People with diabetes often struggle to make healthy choices and stay on top of managing their illness. Filling a vital need, this is the first book to focus on the use of motivational interviewing (MI) in diabetes care. The uniquely qualified authors--physician Marc P. Steinberg has devoted much of his career to diabetes care, and renowned clinical psychologist William R. Miller is the codeveloper of MI--present proven counseling techniques that can make any conversation with a patient more efficacious and motivating. Numerous sample dialogues illustrate specific ways to elicit patients' strengths and help them overcome barriers to change in such areas as eating habits, physical activity, medication use, insulin treatment, substance abuse, psychological issues, and more. This book is in the Applications of Motivational Interviewing series, edited by Stephen Rollnick, William R. Miller, and Theresa B. Moyers. Winner (First Place)--American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Award, Adult Primary Care Category

Download or read book Self Efficacy In Nursing written by Elizabeth R. Lenz and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2002-04-04 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self efficacy, or the belief that one can self-manage one's own health, is an important goal of health care providers, particularly in chronic illness. This book explores the concept of self efficacy from theory, research, measurement, and practice perspectives. The core of the book is an international collaboration of nurses from the U.S. and the Netherlands who have developed tools for promoting and measuring self efficacy in diabetes management.

Download or read book The American Diabetes Association JDRF Type 1 Diabetes Sourcebook written by Anne L. Peters and published by American Diabetes Association. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Diabetes Association/JDRF Type 1 Diabetes Sourcebook serves as both an evidence-based reference work and consensus report outlining the most critical components of care for individuals with type 1 diabetes throughout their lifespan. The volume serves not only as a comprehensive guide for clinicians, but also reviews the evidence supporting these components of care and provides a perspective on the critical areas of research that are needed to improve our understanding of type 1 diabetes diagnosis and treatment. The volume focuses specifically on the needs of patients with type 1 diabetes and provides clear and detailed guidance on the current standards for the optimal treatment of type 1 diabetes from early childhood to later life. To accomplish the book’s editorial goals, Editors-in-Chief, Drs. Anne Peters and Lori Laffel, assembled an editorial steering committee of prominent research physicians, clinicians, and educators to develop the topical coverage. In addition, a Managing Editor was brought on to help the authors write and focus their chapters.

Download or read book Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health written by National Academy of Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2023-09-08 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social factors, signals, and biases shape the health of our nation. Racism and poverty manifest in unequal social, environmental, and economic conditions, resulting in deep-rooted health disparities that carry over from generation to generation. In Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health, authors call for collective action across sectors to reverse the debilitating and often lethal consequences of health inequity. This edited volume of discussion papers provides recommendations to advance the agenda to promote health equity for all. Organized by research approaches and policy implications, systems that perpetuate or ameliorate health disparities, and specific examples of ways in which health disparities manifest in communities of color, this Special Publication provides a stark look at how health and well-being are nurtured, protected, and preserved where people live, learn, work, and play. All of our nation's institutions have important roles to play even if they do not think of their purpose as fundamentally linked to health and well-being. The rich discussions found throughout Perspectives on Health Equity and Social Determinants of Health make way for the translation of policies and actions to improve health and health equity for all citizens of our society. The major health problems of our time cannot be solved by health care alone. They cannot be solved by public health alone. Collective action is needed, and it is needed now.

Download or read book The Ecology of Stress written by Stevan E. Hobfoll and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1988 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Principles of Diabetes Mellitus written by Leonid Poretsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes mellitus is a very common disease which affects approximately 150,000,000 worldwide. With its prevalence rising rapidly, diabetes continues to mystify and fascinate both practitioners and investigators by its elusive causes and multitude of This textbook is written for endocrinologists, specialists in other disciplines who treat diabetic patients, primary care physicians, housestaff and medical students. It covers, in a concise and clear manner, all aspects of the disease, from its pathogenesis on the molecular and cellular levels to its most modern therapy.

Download or read book Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "These guidelines provide recommendations on the diagnosis and management of type 2 diabetes and the management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in primary health care in low-resource settings."--Publisher description.

Download or read book RSSDI Diabetes Update 2020 written by Banshi Saboo and published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. This book was released on 2021-03-31 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. The latest edition of this reference provides endocrinologists with the latest advances in the diagnosis and management of diabetes. Beginning with an overview of epidemiology, pathophysiology and metabolism, the next sections discuss presentations of diabetes, therapeutic management, complications, and comorbidities. The following chapters cover diabetes in certain population groups, education and technology, nutrition, glucose monitoring, and research. The book concludes with a section dedicated to Type 1 diabetes, and a selection of journal reviews. Flow diagrams, tables and figures further enhance the comprehensive text. Key points Latest edition of comprehensive reference detailing latest advances in diagnosis and management of diabetes Covers numerous therapeutic methods Complete sections dedicated to Type 1 diabetes and journal reviews Highly illustrated with flow diagrams, tables and figures

Download or read book Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Underserved Communities written by Sam Dagogo-Jack and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-23 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopting a truly global perspective and a practical approach to diabetes—including pathophysiology, genetics, regional peculiarities, management, prevention and best practices—this book is an excellent resource for clinicians and policy-makers working with patients in more austere settings. The global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to increase from 422 million in 2014 to 592 million in 2035. Sadly, low- and middle-economy countries are projected to experience the steepest increase, but even in developed economies, vulnerable demographic subgroups manifest disparities in diabetes prevalence, quality of care, and outcomes. This book extends coverage to those underserved and minority communities in the developed world. In a consistent chapter format, it discusses classification, pathophysiology, genomics, diagnosis, prevention and management of diabetes in economically challenged regions as well as underserved populations in affluent nations. Suggestions regarding future directions in the organization of diabetes care delivery, prevention and research priorities are also provided. The detailed identification of barriers to optimal care and the practical approach to the management and prevention of diabetes make Diabetes Mellitus in Developing Countries and Underserved Communities a valuable resource for clinicians, researchers and health policy leaders.

Download or read book Evidence Helping people help themselves written by Debra de Silva and published by The Health Foundation. This book was released on 2011 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: