Download or read book Providing Incentives for the Provision of Environmental Public Goods written by Marc Nicholas Conte and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased awareness of the impact of human activity on ecosystem health and the value of amenities provided by ecosystems has focused attention on the trade-offs that exist between intensive land use and the provision of environmental public goods. We study the impacts of different regulatory mechanisms and sources of demand for these environmental public goods on their provision. We also consider whether the role of some environmental goods as inputs to production offers an incentive to firms to contribute to the provision of these environmental public goods. We develop a spatially-explicit theoretical model of landowner behavior to make predictions about the impact of regulatory mechanism choice on the efficiency of provision. We find that both uniform regulation and market-based mechanisms can lead to efficient provision of these goods, with the efficiency of the mechanism driven by the particular spatial characteristics and incentives for noncompliance with regulation on the landscape. An empirical analysis supports the predictions of the theoretical model. The theoretical model of landowner behavior is also used to determine that external demand for provision can have confounding direct and indirect effects on provision under market-based mechanisms, with a complete offset of additional provision possible in the presence of the efficient expected fine for noncompliance. Finally, using a strategic model of firm behavior, we find that the presence of competition during the search process for an input to the production of a market good that affords its producer market power provides sufficient incentive for firms to support provision of environmental public goods.

Download or read book Incentive Compatible Mechanisms for Providing Environmental Public Goods written by Katherine Silz Carson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes the results of two experiments designed to evaluate the applicability of incentive compatible mechanisms such as the pivot mechanism to determine the public's preferences for environmental public goods. The first experiment employs a variant of the pivot mechanism to determine the appropriate level of a public good that is available in three discrete quantities. Although traditional public goods mechanisms determine the allocation of the good in continuously variable quantities, for many environmental public goods, such as the cleanup of a hazardous waste site, there may be only several discrete options that are feasible. The results indicate that using the pivot mechanism can result in truthful revelation of preferences for the public good, and hence selection of the optimal amount of the program to be implemented. The second experiment compares the ability of real and hypothetical versions of the pivot mechanism and provision point mechanism to generate accurate estimates of the public's willingness to pay for open space. The results provide mixed evidence of real and hypothetical versions of each mechanism to generate unbiased willingness to pay estimates.

Download or read book Incentives Green Preferences and Private Provision of Impure Public Goods written by Casey Wichman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pro-environmental preferences are being used increasingly as environmental policy tools. In this paper, I consider the role of heterogeneous green preferences for private provision of environmental goods that have both private and public characteristics. Under different assumptions of information available to a regulator, I characterize equilibrium properties of several mechanisms. I find incentive-compatible Nash equilibria that provide socially optimal public goods provision when the regulator can enforce individual consumption contracts, as well as when reported consumption contracts are supplemented with group penalties. The role of budget balancing is recast as a policy intervention for correcting environmental market failures. Throughout the paper, I ground the exposition with examples of consumer behavior in the context of green electricity programs and goal setting for energy conservation.

Download or read book Why Cooperate written by Scott Barrett and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-09-16 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change, nuclear proliferation, and the threat of a global pandemic have the potential to impact each of our lives. Preventing these threats poses a serious global challenge, but ignoring them could have disastrous consequences. How do we engineer institutions to change incentives so that these global public goods are provided? Scott Barrett provides a thought provoking and accessible introduction to the issues surrounding the provision of global public goods. Using a variety of examples to illustrate past successes and failures, he shows how international cooperation, institutional design, and the clever use of incentives can work together to ensure the effective delivery of global public goods.

Download or read book International Public Goods written by Marco Ferroni and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Security concerns, the AIDS epidemic, environmental degradation, and financial contagion are salient features of today's landscape of threats to global stability. A characteristic of these challenges is that they cannot be solved by individual nations acting alone. Enlightened cooperation is needed. This book focuses on actions in the international arena to complement domestic efforts in addressing a set of policy challenges that has become more prominent in the age of globalization. It focuses on the strategic and practical challenges of fostering solutions that have the character of international public goods, paying particular attention to the financing of these goods.

Download or read book Public Goods for Economic Development written by Olga Memedović and published by UN. This book was released on 2008 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication addresses factors that promote or inhibit successful provision of the four key international public goods: financial stability, international trade regime, international diffusion of technological knowledge and global environment. Without these goods, developing countries are unable to compete, prosper or attract capital from abroad. The need for public goods provision is also recognized by the Millennium Development Goals, internationally agreed goals and targets for knowledge, health, governance and environmental public goods. The Report addresses the nature of required policies and institutions using the modern principles of collective action.

Download or read book Demand Revelation and the Provision of Public Goods written by Edward Clarke and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2000 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand revelation process has been called a new and superior process for making social choices and holds some promise of creating an intellectual revolution in economics and politics. It relies on a so-called “Clarke tax” or pivot mechanism to ensure that individuals will adequately consider the social cost of their influence on social outcomes, thereby ensuring truthful revelation of preferences and overcoming the “free rider” problem of public goods provisioning. Demand Revelation and the Provision of Public Goods outlines Clarke’s approach to use demand revelation in the creation of demand revealing markets accompanied by the improved management of social entitlements to public goods and services. Based on these refinements, he shows ways to achieve improved government performance in areas of taxation, spending and government regulatory management. In this revised edition of his original 1980 book, Clarke reviews other recent related work, notably Martin Bailey’s Constitution for a Future Country, which describes in detail how these advances in an improved political economy can be achieved.

Download or read book Providing Global Public Goods written by Inge Kaul and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-01-16 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elaborating on the concepts first introduced in Global Public Goods, this book addresses the long overdue issue of how to adjust the concept of public goods to today's economic and political realities. The production of global public goods requires the orchestration of initiatives by a large number of diverse actors across different levels and sectors. It may require the collaboration of governments, business and civil society, and in most cases it almost certainly calls for an effective linkage of the local, national, regional, and global levels. In light of today's new realities, this book examines a series of managerial and political challenges that pertain to the design and implementation of production strategies and the monitoring and evaluation of global public goods provision.As participatory decision-making enhances the political support for - and thus the effectiveness of - certain policy decisions, this volume offers suggestions on a number of pragmatic policy reforms for bringing the global public more into public policy making on global issues. Nine case studies examine the importance of the global public good concept from the viewpoint of developing countries, exploring how and where the concerns of the poor and the rich overlap.Providing Global Public Goods offers important and timely suggestions on how to move in a more feasible and systematic way towards a fairer process of globalization that works in the interests of all.

Download or read book Policy Instrument Choice with Coasean Provision of Public Goods written by Christopher J. Costello and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the interplay between environmental policy instrument choice (i.e., prices vs. quantities) and private provision of public goods, which in this context we denote "Coasean provision." Coasean provision captures private provision of environmental public goods due to consumer preferences for environmentally friendly goods and services, incentives for corporate environmental management, environmental philanthropy, and even overlapping jurisdictions of policy. We show theoretically that even in a world of perfect certainty, the presence of Coasean provision distinctly affects instrument choice, based on both the efficiency criterion and distributional consequences. We also generalize the analysis to account for uncertainty using the classic Weitzman (1974) framework. Our findings suggest that the increasing prevalence of Coasean provision motivates a need to rethink the design of effective and efficient environmental policy instruments. This arises because policy instrument choice can have a significant impact on the environmental commitments of individuals, companies, and states, and vice-versa, with clear implications for overall economic welfare and policy preferences among polluters, citizens, and government revenue.

Download or read book Public Goods Sustainable Development and the Contribution of Business written by Roland Bardy and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2021-02-18 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an expansive review of the public goods theme and highlights the inherent linkage between sustainable development and corporate responsibility for improving the current and future welfare of communities both at home and abroad. The main proposition here is that sustainable development is focused on preserving and maintaining public goods. Consequently, whoever uses public goods is liable for their preservation, their maintenance, and, where they are underdeveloped, for their expansion. Successful delivery, both now and in the future, depends on a positive relationship of the public sector with the private sector. This book will serve to stimulate discussions of scholars and policy makers in the field of sustainable development with business leaders, and will close the gap between the public and the private sectors by building a common understanding and common methodologies for implementing and measuring sustainable development in the macro- and the micro-spheres.

Download or read book Institutions Motivations and Public Goods written by Andrew Reeson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In economic terms, the environment is largely a public good. Contributing to a public good is costly to an individual, while the benefits are enjoyed by all. Despite this, many people voluntarily contribute to public goods, both in laboratory economic experiments and through day-to-day environmental decisions. These voluntary contributions are largely motivated intrinsically, that is satisfaction comes from the act itself rather than external rewards. Policy interventions are often required to increase the provision of public goods to the socially optimal level, which usually take the form of extrinsic incentives such as payments or regulations. Theoretical and empirical evidence from psychology and economics suggests that such extrinsic incentives can crowd out the intrinsic motivations which underlie voluntary contributions. As a result, a policy may have less than the anticipated impact. It is even possible for a costly policy intervention to lead to a decrease in overall public good provision, as individuals cease to contribute voluntarily. This paper argues that environmental policy design should proceed with caution in the presence of intrinsic motivations. Weak regulations and small, competitive financial incentives have the greatest potential for negative effects. Recognizing and supporting existing efforts can crowd in, rather than crowd out, voluntary contributions. With careful design and implementation, there is the potential to maintain and support intrinsic motivations while also providing robust extrinsic incentives.--Publisher's description.

Download or read book Policy Instrument Choice with Coasean Provision of Public Goods written by Christopher Costello and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the interplay between environmental policy instrument choice (i.e., prices vs. quantities) and private provision of public goods, which in this context we denote "Coasean provision." Coasean provision captures private provision of environmental public goods due to consumer preferences for environmentally friendly goods and services, incentives for corporate environmental management, environmental philanthropy, and even overlapping jurisdictions of policy. We show theoretically that even in a world of perfect certainty, the presence of Coasean provision distinctly affects instrument choice, based on both the efficiency criterion and distributional consequences. We also generalize the analysis to account for uncertainty using the classic Weitzman (1974) framework. Our findings suggest that the increasing prevalence of Coasean provision motivates a need to rethink the design of effective and efficient environmental policy instruments. This arises because policy instrument choice can have a significant impact on the environmental commitments of individuals, companies, and states, and vice-versa, with clear implications for overall economic welfare and policy preferences among polluters, citizens, and government revenue.

Download or read book The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics written by David R. Henderson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains 168 alphabetically arranged essays that provide information about topics related to economics, and includes biographical profiles of nearly one hundred noted economists.

Download or read book Alternative Rebate Rules in Enhancing Large Group Threshold Public Goods Provision written by Zhi Li and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using rebate rules to facilitate public goods provision has become a common practice for many social, economic, and environmental issues. This paper explores the effect of both non-endogenous and endogenous rebate rules on threshold-public goods provision in large groups. We follow the experimental design and protocol in Spencer et al. (2009) and Rondeau et al. (1999) except that we (1) propose two endogenous rebate rules - the uniform price cap (UPC) and the uniform price auction (UPA) - in addition to their exogenous rebate rules; (2) elicit subjects' beliefs over others' average contributions and cost of the public good with incentives provided; and (3) elicit conditional contribution strategies with strategy method in a questionnaire. Results show that large groups can perform better than small groups if endogenous rebate rules are implemented. UPC outperforms all other rebate rules for large groups. Belief and conditional strategy data further indicate that belief over others' contributions and marginal penalty explain a large portion of the differences among different rebate rules. Our findings provide belief-based evidence that is lacking in the literature studying threshold public goods games with rebates, suggesting potential benefits for employing endogenous rebate rules to foster public goods provision.

Download or read book Providing Agri environmental Public Goods through Collective Action written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2013-06-28 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study analyses the promotion of collective action for agri-environmental public goods and addresses externalities by reviewing the experience of various OECD member countries.

Download or read book Democracy Public Expenditures and the Poor written by Philip Keefer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countries vary systematically with respect to the incentives of politicians to provide broad public goods, and to reduce poverty. Even in developing countries that are democracies, politicians often have incentives to divert resources to political rents, and to private transfers that benefit a few citizens at the expense of many. These distortions can be traced to imperfections in political markets, that are greater in some countries than in others. The authors review the theory, and evidence on the impact of incomplete information of voters, the lack of credibility of political promises, and social polarization on political incentives. They argue that the effects of these imperfections are large, but that their implications are insufficiently integrated into the design of policy reforms aimed at improving the provision of public goods, and reducing poverty.

Download or read book Free Market Environmentalism written by T. Anderson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-02-02 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The original edition of this seminal book, published in 1991, introduced the concept of using markets and property rights to protect and improve environmental quality. Since publication, the ideas in this book have been adopted not only by conservative circles but by a wide range of environmental groups. To mention a few examples, Defenders of Wildlife applies the tenets of free market environmentalism to its wolf compensation program; World Wildlife Federation has successfully launched the CAMPFIRE program in southern Africa to reward native villagers who conserve elephants; and the Oregon Water Trust uses water markets to purchase or lease water for salmon and steelhead habitats. This revised edition updates the successful applications of free market environmentalism and adds two new chapters.