Download or read book Protection of U S Forces Deployed Abroad The Khobar Towers Terrorist Attack Report written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997-03 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report by the Sec. of Defense on the threat of sophisticated organized terrorism against U.S. overseas forces. He announces major changes in the approach to force protection, and the placement of the threat of terrorism as one of the important considerations to be weighed when deciding how best to undertake a deployment. Appendix contains the Downing Report; the Defense Special Weapons Agency Report of the Khobar Towers Bomb Damage; the memo assigning responsibility for force protection, etc. Includes an 11-page report by Sen. Arlen Specter after a fact-finding trip to Saudi Arabia and a staff review of materials, concluding that there was no intelligence failure prior to the June 25 deadly bombing of the Khobar Towers complex.
Download or read book Khobar Towers The Aftermath and Implications for Commanders written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 25 June 1996 a terrorist attack upon US forces deployed to Dhahran, Saudi Arabia resulted in nineteen fatalities and numerous injuries. The Khobar Towers tragedy serves as yet another grim reminder of the increasing vulnerability and likelihood of attack to US forces in garrison both abroad and potentially at home. This research examines the chronology of events leading up to the explosion and offers varied analysis of the conflicting conclusions resulting from the multiple investigative reports which ensued. Were the lessons learned from the bombing of the Marine barracks in Beirut, Lebanon in October 1983 absorbed? Did they apply? Can future incidents such as this be effectively prevented? At what sacrifice? To what extent do we or should we hold commanders responsible, accountable, or culpable for acts of rogue states while executing their mission especially regarding Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW) where requirements may exist to remain politically or culturally inert? There have been four separate investigations into the circumstances leading up to and immediately following this event: 1. The Khobar Towers Bombing Incident- House Committee on National Security 2. The Force Protection Assessment of USCENTCOM AOR and Khobar Towers Report of the Downing Assessment Task Force- Gen. (Ret) Wayne A. Downing 3. The Independent Review of the Khobar Towers Bombing- Lt Gen James F. Record 4. The Report of Investigation, Volumes I - III, Khobar Towers Bombing, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia- Inspector General and Judge Advocate General of the US Air Force Based on these investigations, Secretary of Defense William S. Cohen wrote his report entitled: Personal Accountability for Force Protection at Khobar Towers.
Download or read book Khobar Towers The Aftermath and Implications for Commanders written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 25 June 1996 a terrorist attack upon US forces deployed to Dhahran, Saudi Arabia resulted in nineteen fatalities and numerous injuries. The Khobar Towers tragedy serves as yet another grim reminder of the increasing vulnerability and likelihood of attack to US forces in garrison both abroad and potentially at home. This research examines the chronology of events leading up to the explosion and offers varied analysis of the conflicting conclusions resulting from the multiple investigative reports which ensued. Were the lessons learned from the bombing of the Marine barracks in Beirut, Lebanon in October 1983 absorbed? Did they apply? Can future incidents such as this be effectively prevented? At what sacrifice? To what extent do we or should we hold commanders responsible, accountable, or culpable for acts of rogue states while executing their mission especially regarding Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW) where requirements may exist to remain politically or culturally inert? There have been four separate investigations into the circumstances leading up to and immediately following this event: 1. The Khobar Towers Bombing Incident- House Committee on National Security 2. The Force Protection Assessment of USCENTCOM AOR and Khobar Towers Report of the Downing Assessment Task Force- Gen. (Ret) Wayne A. Downing 3. The Independent Review of the Khobar Towers Bombing- Lt Gen James F. Record 4. The Report of Investigation, Volumes I - III, Khobar Towers Bombing, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia- Inspector General and Judge Advocate General of the US Air Force Based on these investigations, Secretary of Defense William S. Cohen wrote his report entitled: Personal Accountability for Force Protection at Khobar Towers.
Download or read book Khobar Towers Tragedy and Response written by Perry D. Jamieson and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2008 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This account of the Khobar Towers bombing tells the story of the horrific attack and the magnificent response of airmen doing their duty under nearly impossible circumstances. None of them view their actions as heroic, yet the reader will marvel at their calm professionalism. All of them say it was just their job, but the reader will wonder how they could be so well trained to act almost instinctively to do the right thing at the right time. None of them would see their actions as selfless, yet countless numbers refused medical attention until the more seriously injured got treatment. Throughout this book, the themes of duty, commitment, and devotion to comrades resoundingly underscore the notion that America's brightest, bravest, and best wear her uniforms in service to the nation. This book is more than heroic actions, though, for there is also controversy. Were commanders responsible for not adequately protecting their people? What should one make of the several conflicting investigations following the attack? Dr. Jamieson has not shied away from these difficult questions, and others, but has discussed them and other controversial judgments in a straightforward and dispassionate way that will bring them into focus for everyone. It is clear from this book that there is a larger issue than just the response to the bombing. It is the issue of the example set by America's airmen. Future airmen who read this book will be stronger and will stand on the shoulders of those who suffered and those who made the ultimate sacrifice.
Download or read book Khobar Towers written by Perry D. Jamieson and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2008 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells the story of only a few of hundreds of airmen who were at the Khobar Towers that night -- Tuesday, June 25, 1996. It recounts what they were doing just prior to the bombing and what happened to them immediately after, providing an idea of activities of airmen on a summer night during Operation Southern Watch. Provides experiences from mechanics on the flightline at King Abdul Aziz Air Base to the security of policemen on the roof of Building 131 at the Khobar Towers.
Download or read book The Khobar Towers Bombing Incident written by Floyd D. Spence and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The terrorist bombing that killed 19 American military personnel, wounded more than 200 others, and harmed hundreds more Saudi soldiers and civilians in and around the Khobar Towers complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia on June 25, 1996 exposed more than the physical vulnerability of Americans serving abroad. It exposed the shortcomings of a U.S. intelligence apparatus that left Americans unprepared for the threat that confronted them. It exposed significant problems of continuity and cohesion in the units deployed for Operation Southern Watch. And it exposed the risks to U.S. military personnel deployed on contingency operations where political and cultural sensitivities of the host country are significant factors.
Download or read book Combating Terrorism Status of DOD Efforts to Protect Its Forces Overseas written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In November 1995, a car bomb exploded in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, killing five Americans who were working at the Office of the Program Manager, Saudi Arabian National Guard. A few months later, in June 1996, another terrorist bomb detonated near Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The explosion killed 19 U.S. service personnel living in a high-rise apartment building at the Khobar Towers military complex. Hundreds more were injured. Soon after the Khobar Towers bombing, the Secretary of Defense appointed a task force headed by retired four-star Army General Wayne A. Downing to investigate the incident and make recommendations on how to prevent or minimize the damage of future attacks. The Downing Assessment Task Force completed its work in August 1996. The Secretary of Defense on the whole concurred with the task force's report and announced a series of measures intended to improve the protection of deployed U.S. forces. He said that the threat of sophisticated, organized terrorism against our overseas forces was now a fact of life and that U.S. leaders must adopt a 'radically new mind-set' with regard to international terrorism. In early 1997, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff provided a status report to Congress on DOD'S response to the Downing task force. The Chairman stated DOD was implementing all of the task force's recommendations.
Download or read book Terrorist Attack Against United States Military Forces in Dhahran Saudi Arabia written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on National Security and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Hardening Overseas Presence Force Protection written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attacks on the Office of the Program Manager/Saudi Arabia National Guard (OPM/SANG) in November 1995 and on the Khobar Towers living compound in June 1996 forever changed the way in which the Armed Forces will regard terrorism in the Persian Gulf. Both bombings also served to prove that regional security dynamics can have an impact on U.S. forces deployed in the area. To deter and prevent hostile acts, air activities were moved from King Abd Al-Aziz air base in Dhahran and Riyadh air base to Prince Sultan air base adjacent to the city of Al Kharj, south of Riyadh. The rationale for this shift was to move forces from populated areas, where perpetrators of terrorist acts could easily disappear, to locales where space and terrain could be used to advantage. The relocation to Prince Sultan air base means that many American personnel have traded in their furnished villas for tents and trailers which eventually will be replaced by modular housing. Similar security precautions took place in the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait as U.S. personnel moved from the Sahara Residency in downtown Abu Dhabi onto Al Dhafra air base outside the city and from the international airport at Kuwait City onto Ahmed Al Jabber air base in the desert. It should be noted, however, that space and terrain are not always viable force protection options and that various measures must be implemented in different locations, contingent upon the mission and its requirements. U.S. personnel who remain located in urban areas have attempted to disperse into the local environment (such as hotels and residential areas) to provide a more difficult target while simultaneously integrating and becoming better acquainted with local populations.
Download or read book The Khobar Towers Bombing Incident written by House national security committee washington dc and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The terrorist bombing that killed 19 American military personnel, wounded more than 200 others, and harmed hundreds more Saudi soldiers and civilians in and around the Khobar Towers complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia on June 25, 1996 exposed more than the physical vulnerability of Americans serving abroad. It exposed the shortcomings of a U.S. intelligence apparatus that left Americans unprepared for the threat that confronted them. It exposed significant problems of continuity and cohesion in the units deployed for Operation Southern Watch. And it exposed the risks to U.S. military personnel deployed on contingency operations where political and cultural sensitivities of the host country are significant factors.
Download or read book From Beirut to Khobar Towers written by John J. Ziegler III and published by . This book was released on 2011-10-03 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Force protection and combating terrorism are the current Pentagon buzzwords. The 25 June 199 terrorist attack on Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia, which resulted in the tragic death of 19 airmen, served as the flash point for this increased attention. But why was there suddenly a strong push to "fix" all of the Department of Defense's Force Protection problems? Hadn't we learned our "lessons" following the catastrophic loss of 241 Marines in the 1983 Beirut bombing? During my 1996-1997 tour on the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security (DASD (I&S)) staff, I had the opportunity to be a part of the Pentagon's fervor to improve the Defense combating terrorism program. As a member of a DASD (I&S) four-man team, I was in a unique position to review the Combatant Commands' and Services' programs for intelligence and counterintelligence support to combating terrorism. The nagging questions I faced throughout this period were what recommendations were internalized following the Beirut Bombing and were all of the recommendations from the Khobar Towers incident justified? This research report is a systematic examination and evaluation of the intelligence, counterintelligence, and security recommendations presented to the Secretary of Defense following each of these terrorist attacks. The critical comments and observations in this report are intended to shed light on the critical tasks which still must be completed to protect US military forces from terrorism. I would like to thank the DASD (I&S) staff, particularly the members of the Directorate of Counterintelligence, for having the faith in me to be their representative in many of the Pentagon forums addressing combating terrorism issues. Furthermore, I must extend my sincere appreciation to my research advisor Lieutenant Colonel Steven G. Torrence for his patience and guidance throughout this research project. Finally, I must recognize the enduring support of my wife Diane as we continue with our Air Force career.
Download or read book From Beirut to Khobar Towers Improving the Combating Terrorism Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once again the specter of terrorism was thrust to the center of attention. The 25 June 1996 terrorist attack on Khobar Towers, Saudi Arabia, resulting in the death of 19 airmen, shook Pentagon halls. Yet only thirteen years earlier, a suicide car bomber killed 241 US Marines Beirut, Lebanon. Can the US effectively protect its forces against terrorism? This report investigates the Beirut bombing and the Khobar Towers attack to critically examine the recommendations for the improvement of DOD intelligence, counterintelligence, and security missions in combating terrorism. Recommendations following the Beirut bombing were not universally implemented by all Services, leaving US military forces vulnerable to terrorist attacks. However, the wide-ranging recommendations emanating from the Khobar Towers incident were used as a template for enhancing the DOD combating terrorism program. Yet, there are several people who have taken exception to some Task Force recommendations. The proper use of limited intelligence and counterintelligence resources can assist in identifying terrorist threats to US forces and comprehensive terrorist threat assessments must guide the implementation of appropriate security measures to defend against the identified threats. While DOD intelligence and counterintelligence programs remain strong, they can be improved by examining their shortfalls prior to the Beirut bombing and Khobar Towers attack.
Download or read book Force Protection After Next written by Ken Freeman and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1996 Khobar Towers Bombing brought renewed emphasis on terrorism in the Air Force and the subsequent Force Protection efforts to defend against it. This paper argues the Air Force must implement more fundamental changes than currently planned in order to adequately protect resources against Khobar Towers-type attacks in the future and enhance combat sustainability. It explores the bombing and its lessons learned (documented and undocumented) and existing Air Force documents on Force Protection. It analyzes current and planned Force Protection requirements and ways to provide a more viable Force Protection program for the 21st century.
Download or read book Khobar Towers written by Office of Air Force History and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2015-03-02 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America's mind's eye carries all too many painful pictures of terrorist actions against her: the collapsed Marine Corps barracks in Beirut, a gaping hole at the waterline of USS Cole, and shocked, bleeding casualties sitting in the streets of the U.S. embassy in Kenya, as well as fire blossoming from New York City's Twin Towers. Another enduring image is the shredded walls of Khobar Towers where nineteen airmen gave their final full measure on June 25, 1996. This account of the Khobar Towers bombing, so eloquently narrated by Dr. Perry Jamieson, tells the story of the horrific attack and the magnificent response of airmen doing their duty under nearly impossible circumstances. None of them view their actions as heroic, yet the reader will marvel at their calm professionalism. All of them say it was just their job, but the reader will wonder how they could be so well trained to act almost instinctively to do the right thing at the right time. None of them would see their actions as selfless, yet countless numbers refused medical attention until the more seriously injured got treatment. Throughout this book, the themes of duty, commitment, and devotion to comrades resoundingly underscore the notion that America's brightest, bravest, and best wear her uniforms in service to the nation. This book is more than heroic actions, though, for there is also controversy. Were commanders responsible for not adequately protecting their people? What should one make of the several conflicting investigations following the attack? Dr. Jamieson has not shied away from these difficult questions, and others, but has discussed them and other controversial judgments in a straightforward and dispassionate way that will bring them into focus for everyone. It is clear from this book that there is a larger issue than just the response to the bombing. It is the issue of the example set by America's airmen. Future airmen who read this book will be stronger and will stand on the shoulders of those who suffered and those who made the ultimate sacrifice. No matter what conclusions the reader might each, one continues to return to the magnificent actions of young Americans far from home working in grueling conditions, who just do their duty. A duty they do without equivocation and for the love of their country and their service. Ultimately, then, this is a story of victory, because the Air Force learned from Khobar Towers. It learned about a ruthless enemy, and all airmen will learn, too, that even under the most devastating conditions, they can fight back and win, a lesson that the world's terrorists have yet to learn. But learn they will.
Download or read book Terrorist Attack Against United States Military Forces in Dhahran Saudi Arabia written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on National Security and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book From Beirut to Khobar Towers written by John J. Ziegler and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Military Operations Against Terrorist Groups Abroad written by David Ochmanek and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003-12-03 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although military power is only one component of the portfolio of instruments that can be brought to bear in the fight against terrorist groups, military capabilities play unique and crucial roles in the overall strategy. These capabilities will call for a mix of forces somewhat different from those fielded today as well as new concepts and technologies. Equally challenging will be the tasks of training/advising friendly forces and protecting forces and interests around the world.
