Download or read book Propagation and Delay optimal Safety Messaging in Vehicular Networks written by Sanjit Krishnan Kaul and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vehicles that talk to each other are expected to unleash a broad spectrum of applications that will make road travel safer, faster, efficient and more entertaining. We study safety messaging, which enables applications that provide different levels of driver assistance to improve on-road safety, for different vehicular network scenarios. Initial deployments of safety applications in vehicles are expected to be sparse with support for event-driven messaging over a few wireless hops, for example, a car broadcasting messages when in distress. We propose GeoMAC, a protocol that exploits spatial diversity of forwarder nodes, and a geo-backoff mechanism to resolve contention between them, and achieves message delivery with smaller latency and jitter, and greater reliability. Eventually, all on-road vehicles will broadcast their state information, such as location and velocity, many times a second. Each vehicle's state must be received in a timely manner and be refreshed periodically at all other vehicles of interest. The network objective of minimizing the system age, which we define, is then explored for single and multi-hop networks. For single-hop networks we assume a carrier-sense-multiple-access (CSMA) based sharing of the wireless medium. We show that the minimum system age cannot be achieved in 802.11 networks through pure MAC techniques. We propose, and evaluate on ORBIT, an application broadcast rate adaptation algorithm that allows nodes to locally adapt their messaging rate to keep the system age to a minimum. Next, we explore the benefits of a multi-hop wireless connectivity for a given physical network of on-road vehicles, when nodes can piggyback other nodes' states. The system age optimization is formulated for arbitrary network graphs and round robin schedules. We show that, under certain conditions, significant improvements in system age may be obtained. For tree topologies, an algorithm that gives schedules that minimize system age is proposed. We end our study on messaging with an empirical evaluation of how enabling location prediction can help reduce rate of messaging and hence channel congestion. Finally, we measure and model the effect of a car's own geometry, antenna placement, and of other cars in vicinity, on the vehicle-to-vehicle link and the network.
Download or read book Safety Message Broadcast in Vehicular Networks written by Yuanguo Bi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-16 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the current research on safety message dissemination in vehicular networks, covering medium access control and relay selection for multi-hop safety message broadcast. Along with an overall overview of the architecture, characteristics, and applications of vehicular networks, the authors discuss the challenging issues in the research on performance improvement for safety applications, and provide a comprehensive review of the research literature.A cross layer broadcast protocol is included to support efficient safety message broadcast by jointly considering geographical location, physical-layer channel condition, and moving velocity of vehicles in the highway scenario. To further support multi-hop safety message broadcast in a complex road layout, the authors propose an urban multi-hop broadcast protocol that utilizes a novel forwarding node selection scheme. Additionally, a busy tone based medium access control scheme is designed to provide strict priority to safety applications in vehicle-to-infrastructure communications.This book offers useful insights into protocol design and inspires a new line of thinking in performance improvements for safety applications in vehicular networks. It is a valuable resource for professionals, researchers, or advanced-level students working in vehicular networks or quality of service.
Download or read book Packet Delivery Delay and Throughput Optimization for Vehicular Networks written by Ahmad A. Mostafa and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vehicular networking is a new emerging wireless technology that supports the communication amongst vehicles and enables vehicles to connect with the Internet. This networking technology provides vehicles with endless possibility of applications, including safety, convenience, and entertainment applications. Examples for these applications are safety messaging, real-time traffic, route updates, and general purpose Internet access. The goal of vehicular networks is to provide an efficient, safe, and convenient environment for the vehicles. In vehicular networking technology, vehicles connect either through other vehicles in an ad-hoc multi-hop fashion or through road side units (infrastructure) which connects them to the Internet. Each approach has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, one of the main objectives of vehicular networking is to achieve a minimal delay for message delivery, and encourage a continuous connectivity for vehicles. This dissertation introduces a novel hybrid communication paradigm for achieving seamless connectivity in Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANET), wherein the connectivity is often affected by changes in the dynamic topology, vehicles' speed, as well as traffic density. Our proposed technique ---named QoS-oriented Hybrid Vehicular Communications Protocol (QoSHVCP)--- exploits both existing network infrastructure through a Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) protocol, as well as a traditional Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), that satisfies Quality-of-Service requirements. We analyze time delay as a performance metric, and determine delay propagation rates when vehicles are transmitting high priority messages via QoSHVCP. Focusing on V2V communication, we propose a novel reliable and low-collision packet-forwarding scheme, based on a probabilistic rebroadcasting. Our proposed scheme, called Collision-Aware REliable FORwarding (CAREFOR), works in a distributed fashion where each vehicle receiving a packet, rebroadcasts it based on a predefined probability. The success of rebroadcast is determined based on allowing the message to travel the furthest possible distance with the least amount of packet rebroadcast collision. Moreover, we present a QoS-Aware node Selection Algorithm (QASA) for VANET routing protocols. Our algorithm is focused on selecting the vehicle to communicate with, and is achieved by exploiting the bridging approach for message forwarding i.e., vehicles on the east (west) select from west (east). The QoS metrics that are being optimized are the throughput in the network, as well as end-to-end delay for packets. Finally, we exploit the use of autonomous vehicles in order to optimize the end-to-end packet delivery delay. Our protocol introduces a dynamic metric that depends on the vehicular density on the highway in order to control the inter-vehicle distance. Our results show a great promise for their future use in vehicular technology.
Download or read book Adaptive Mechanisms to Improve Message Dissemination in Vehicular Networks written by Julio A. Sangüesa Escorihuela and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2014-11-14 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2014 in the subject Engineering - Computer Engineering, grade: Sobresaliente Cum Laude, , language: English, abstract: In the past, people were focused on how to build efficient highways and roads. Over time, focus shifted to mechanical and automotive engineering, in the pursuit of building faster cars to surmount greater distances. Later on, electronics technology impacted the construction of cars, embedding them with sensors, advanced electronics, and communication devices, making cars more intelligent, efficient, and safe to drive on. The applications and advantages of using Vehicular Networks (VNs) for enhancing road safety and driving efficiency are diverse, which explains why research in this area has recently emerged. In this Thesis, we focus on Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANETs), which are a particular subclass of Vehicular Networks, that involves a set of equipped vehicles communicating with each other via wireless antennas, without requiring the use of any infrastructure. In order to enhance the warning message dissemination process, usually necessary in VANET safety applications, we propose an adaptive broadcast dissemination scheme that automatically chooses the optimal broadcast depending on the complexity of the map and the instantaneous vehicle density in the area. Its main goal is to maximize the message delivery effectiveness, while generating a reduced number of messages, and thus, avoiding or mitigating broadcast storms. Current research on VANETs usually focuses on analyzing scenarios representing common situations with average densities. However, situations with very low or very high vehicle densities are often ignored, whereas they are very common in real vehicular environments. The aim of broadcast dissemination schemes is to maximize message delivery effectiveness, something difficult to achieve in adverse density scenarios. To address this issue, in this Thesis, we propose the Junction Store and Forward (JSF) and the Neighbor Store and Forward (NSF) dissemina- tion schemes, specially designed to be used under low density conditions, as well as the Nearest Junction Located (NJL) scheme, specially developed for high density conditions. Finally, we present a classification which includes the most relevant broadcast dissemination schemes specially designed for VANETs, highlighting their features, and studying their performance under the same simulation conditions, thus offering researchers a fair comparison. We consider that this evaluation can shed some light into the advantages and drawbacks of each solution.
Download or read book Vehicular Networking for Road Safety written by Feng Lyu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-10-13 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topics addressed in this book are crucial for both the academic community and industry, since the vehicular network has become an essential building block for intelligent transportation systems. The systematic principle of this book provides valuable guidance on the deployment and implementation of V2X-enabled road-safety applications. In addition, this book carries out structured technologies from the MAC layer to the link and network layer, which can provide a general introduction for interested readers with a comprehensive understanding of applying vehicular networks in enhancing road safety, and offers a systematized view for researchers and practitioners in the field of vehicular networks to help them optimize and improve the desired vehicular communication systems. Road safety has always been the first priority for daily commuters on the road. Vehicular networks can be an effective solution to enhance road safety, via which vehicles can exchange cooperative awareness messages rapidly, contributing to better situation awareness and maneuvering cooperation. However, with the fast-changing network topology, intermittent wireless link, and dynamic traffic density, it is challenging to achieve satisfying network performance. This book introduces the background of vehicular networks, provides a comprehensive overview of networking techniques in supporting road-safety applications, states the technical motivations per the MAC, link, and network layer, and proposes/designs vehicular networking technologies at the corresponding layer respectively to guarantee low-latency and reliable V2X communications for road-safety applications. By extending the proposed networking technologies to support all types of vehicular services, this book also outlines open issues and research directions in future 5G and beyond vehicular networks.
Download or read book Safety Communication for Vehicular Networks written by Le Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communications written by Aboul Ella Hassanien and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-31 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes high-quality research papers presented at the Sixth International Conference on Innovative Computing and Communication (ICICC 2023), which is held at the Shaheed Sukhdev College of Business Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, on February 17–18, 2023. Introducing the innovative works of scientists, professors, research scholars, students, and industrial experts in the field of computing and communication, the book promotes the transformation of fundamental research into institutional and industrialized research and the conversion of applied exploration into real-time applications.
Download or read book Routing Protocols and Architectural Solutions for Optimal Wireless Networks and Security written by Singh, Dharm and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Networking capabilities have been significantly enhanced in recent years. With emerging advancements in technology, wireless communication has increased exponentially. Routing Protocols and Architectural Solutions for Optimal Wireless Networks and Security is a comprehensive resource on the latest technological advancements in designing secure wireless networks and secure transmission of data, voice and video over wireless networks and other innovations. Featuring comprehensive coverage across a range of relevant topics such as network planning, radio resource allocation, and broadband wireless networks, this publication is an ideal reference source for network designers, industries, researchers, educators, and governments who are involved in designing and implementing security and wireless networks and applications.
Download or read book Multihop Wireless Networks written by Kai Zeng and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-13 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to opportunistic routing an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks This book presents a comprehensive background to the technological challenges lying behind opportunistic routing. The authors cover many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles, performance limit and performance improvement of opportunistic routing compared to traditional routing, energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, geographic opportunistic routing, opportunistic broadcasting, and security issues associated with opportunistic routing, etc. Furthermore, the authors discuss technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. The book brings together all the new results on this topic in a systematic, coherent and unified presentation and provides a much needed comprehensive introduction to this topic. Key Features: Addresses opportunistic routing, an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks Discusses the technological challenges lying behind this new technology, and covers a wide range of practical implementation issues Explores many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles of opportunistic routing, performance limits and performance improvement, and compares them to traditional routing (e.g. energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, broadcasting, and security issues) Covers technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. This book provides an invaluable reference for researchers working in the field of wireless networks and wireless communications, and Wireless professionals. Graduate students will also find this book of interest.
Download or read book Context aware Hybrid Data Dissemination in Vehicular Networks written by Monika M. Rathod and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents the development of the Context-Aware Hybrid Data Dissemination protocol for vehicular networks. The importance of developing vehicular networking data dissemination protocols is exemplified by the recent announcement by the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to enable vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication technology. With emphasis on safety, other useful applications of V2V communication include but are not limited to traffic and routing, weather, construction and road hazard alerts, as well as advertisement and entertainment. The core of V2V communication relies on the efficient dispersion of relevant data through wireless broadcast protocols for these varied applications. The challenges of vehicular networks demand an adaptive broadcast protocol capable of handling diverse applications. This research work illustrates the design of a wireless broadcast protocol that is context-aware and adaptive to vehicular environments taking into consideration vehicle density, road topology, and type of data to be disseminated. The context-aware hybrid data dissemination scheme combines store-and-forward and multi-hop broadcasts, capitalizing on the strengths of both these categories and mitigates the weaknesses to deliver data with maximum efficiency to a widest possible reach. This protocol is designed to work in both urban and highway mobility models. The behavior and performance of the hybrid data dissemination scheme is studied by varying the broadcast zone radius, aggregation ratio, data message size and frequency of the broadcast messages. Optimal parameters are determined and the protocol is then formulated to become adaptive to node density by keeping the field size constant and increasing the number of nodes. Adding message priority levels to propagate safety messages faster and farther than non-safety related messages is the next context we add to our adaptive protocol. We dynamically set the broadcast region to use multi-hop which has lower latency to propagate safety-related messages. Extensive simulation results have been obtained using realistic vehicular network scenarios. Results show that Context-Aware Hybrid Data Dissemination Protocol benefits from the low latency characteristics of multi-hop broadcast and low bandwidth consumption of store-and-forward. The protocol is adaptive to both urban and highway mobility models.
Download or read book Safety message Routing in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks written by Faisal Ahmad Khan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The safety-message dissemination problem for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) was investigated. Four novel techniques were contributed for the efficient and reliable routing of safety messages in the vehicular ad hoc networks. The instant-broadcast technique was proposed to improve the end-to-end dissemination delay. The lane-based sectoring mechanism was presented for the collision mitigation in the dense-urban traffic scenario. The negative acknowledgment with smart neighborhood (NSN) technique was proposed to ensure the reliability of reception through recovering the packet loss caused by interference. Finally, the negative acknowledgment with smart neighborhood - hole recovery (NSN-H) technique was presented to provide guaranteed reception of the safety message at each individual node in the VANET. The investigation of the safety message routing in VANET conducted in this research also revealed the significance of hitherto-neglected factors that influence the vehicular network. Significance of the small payload size of the VANET safety message, the effect of road width on the multi-hop relay, and the attenuation caused by vehicles in the propagation path were among the important revealed factors.
Download or read book Survivable and Reliable Design of Cellular and Vehicular Networks for Safety Applications written by Hasita Kaja and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research work is divided into two focus areas namely: cellular networks and vehicular networks. The first part of the research work is in cellular networks. Cellular network design and operation must incorporate disaster response and repair scenarios. Requirements for high reliability and low latency often fail to incorporate network survivability for mission-critical services. This work defines a practical modeling approach using a Markov chain Matrix Exponential (ME) model. This model is scalable for larger networks, calculates the restoration and network availability times, consists of asymptotic approximations to estimate network availability, and determines the optimal number of repair crews required. This ME model shows how survivable networks can be designed based on controlling numbers of crews, times taken for individual repair stages in the repair process, and the balance between fast and slow repairs. In the second part, different aspects of vehicular networks have been analyzed for emergency vehicle purposes. Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) have been an important part of intelligent transport systems (ITS). Due to the highly dynamic nature of the network, it can support some safety-critical applications such as providing network capabilities to emergency vehicles, avoiding crashes involving emergency vehicles, etc. In this part of the research work, a simulation approach has been discussed to evaluate an ambulance transit using VANET capabilities. The simulation is performed using ns3/SUMO/TraCI software tools and four different scenarios are formulated. These scenarios differ by the nature of the network being implemented and additional functionalities like re-evaluating the route added to the ambulance or other cars on the road network. Performance metrics like delay, packet drop ratio, the average speed of the ambulance, average vehicle density, ambulance message interval time are evaluated, and the results are presented. Developing a reliable network for vehicle-to-vehicle communication is a crucial part of network deployment. In this third part of the research work, we discuss a layered approach towards the reliability of VANETs. This work will consider different layers of the dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) protocol stack and discuss key reliability indicators in each layer. This layered approach towards computing reliability results in more practical probability calculations. We also discuss different techniques to increase the reliability of VANETs. A functional reliability (FR) calculation is also presented to implement the multi-layered reliability context.
Download or read book Smart Trends in Computing and Communications written by Tomonobu Senjyu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vehicular Networks written by Stephan Olariu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of their importance and potential societal impact, there is currently no comprehensive source of information about vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Cohesively integrating the state of the art in this emerging field, Vehicular Networks: From Theory to Practice elucidates many issues involved in vehicular networking, including traffic eng
Download or read book Intelligent Vehicular Networks and Communications written by Anand Paul and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-09-02 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligent Vehicular Network and Communications: Fundamentals, Architectures and Solutions begins with discussions on how the transportation system has transformed into today’s Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). It explores the design goals, challenges, and frameworks for modeling an ITS network, discussing vehicular network model technologies, mobility management architectures, and routing mechanisms and protocols. It looks at the Internet of Vehicles, the vehicular cloud, and vehicular network security and privacy issues. The book investigates cooperative vehicular systems, a promising solution for addressing current and future traffic safety needs, also exploring cooperative cognitive intelligence, with special attention to spectral efficiency, spectral scarcity, and high mobility. In addition, users will find a thorough examination of experimental work in such areas as Controller Area Network protocol and working function of On Board Unit, as well as working principles of roadside unit and other infrastructural nodes. Finally, the book examines big data in vehicular networks, exploring various business models, application scenarios, and real-time analytics, concluding with a look at autonomous vehicles. Proposes cooperative, cognitive, intelligent vehicular networks Examines how intelligent transportation systems make more efficient transportation in urban environments Outlines next generation vehicular networks technology
Download or read book Reliable Message Dissemination in Mobile Vehicular Networks written by Wiem Benrhaiem and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vehicular networks aim to enable a plethora of safety and infotainment applications. Safety applications aim to preserve people's lives (e.g., by helping in avoiding crashes) while infotainment applications focus on enhancing the passengers' experience. These applications, especially safety applications, have stringent requirements in terms of reliability and delay; indeed, dissemination of an emergency message (e.g., by a vehicle/sender involved in a crash) should be reliable while satisfying short delay requirements. Note, that multi-hop dissemination is needed to reach all vehicles, in the target area, that may be outside the transmission range of the sender. Several schemes have been proposed to provide reliability and short delay for vehicular applications. However, these schemes have several limitations. Thus, the design of new solutions, to meet the requirement of vehicular applications in terms of reliability while keeping low end-to-end delay, is required. In this thesis, we propose three schemes. The first scheme is a multi-hop reliable emergency message dissemination scheme, called REMD, which guarantees a predefined reliability , using message repetitions/retransmissions, while satisfying short delay requirements. It computes an optimal number of repetitions based on the estimation of link reception quality at different locations (called cells) in the transmission range of the sender; REMD assumes that link reception qualities of adjacent cells are independent. It also adequately selects a number of vehicles, called forwarders, that cooperate in repeating the emergency message with the objective to satisfy multi-hop reliability requirements. The second scheme, called BCRB, overcomes the shortcoming of REMD by assuming that link reception qualities of adjacent cells are dependent which is more realistic in real-life scenarios. BCRB makes use of Bayesian networks to model these dependencies; this allows for more accurate estimation of link reception qualities leading to better performance of BCRB. The third scheme, called RICS, provides internet access to vehicles by establishing multi-hop reliable paths to gateways. In RICS, the gateway placement is modeled as a k-center optimisation problem. A space dimension reduction technique is used to solve the problem in exact time. Each gateway makes use of BCRB to establish reliable communication paths to vehicles.
Download or read book Green Intelligent Transportation Systems written by Wuhong Wang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-15 with total page 883 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings collect selected papers from the 8th International Conference on Green Intelligent Transportation Systems and Safety held in Changchun on July 1-2, 2017. The selected works, which include state-of-the-art studies, are intended to promote the development of green mobility and intelligent transportation technology to achieve interconnectivity, resource sharing, flexibility and higher efficiency. They offer valuable insights for researchers and engineers in the fields of Transportation Technology and Traffic Engineering, Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, Industrial and Systems Engineering, and Electrical Engineering.
