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Book Promotion of the Catalytic Activity and Stability of a Co SBA 15 Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane by the Addition of Rhodium

Download or read book Promotion of the Catalytic Activity and Stability of a Co SBA 15 Catalyst for Dry Reforming of Methane by the Addition of Rhodium written by Hassana El Zein and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Effect of Promoter Mn on the Performance of SBA 15 Supported Iron Catalysts for High Temperature Fischer Tropsch Synthesis

Download or read book Effect of Promoter Mn on the Performance of SBA 15 Supported Iron Catalysts for High Temperature Fischer Tropsch Synthesis written by Sreya Mariya Seby and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Development of an effective High Temperature Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (HTFTS) catalyst is of interest in process intensification that combines methane reforming with long chain hydrocarbon production. Literature indicates iron catalysts supported on mesoporous silica performed relatively well in high temperature applications. In this work, we investigated the effect of manganese promoter on iron catalysts for FTS at 430 °C as it was known from previous studies that manganese promotion could enhance the CO conversion with higher hydrocarbon yields. Also, the effect of temperature on FTS activity was evaluated by testing the base and promoted Fe/SBA-15 catalysts for temperature ranging from 370 to 430 °C. Incipient wetness impregnation method was used to prepare the catalysts. The catalysts used in this work were un-promoted iron (15 wt%) and Mn promoted (1.4, 2.8, 4.2, 5.6, 11.2 wt%) iron (15 wt%) catalysts supported on SBA-15. The catalysts were characterized using XRD, TPR, N2 Physisorption, and SEM. These catalysts were first activated in synthesis gas (H2: CO = 2:1) at 430 °C and then tested for their catalytic performance at the same temperature and atmospheric pressure. Prior work with SBA-15 supported iron catalysts showed that manganese promotion could improve the CO conversion when compared to copper and potassium. The main goal of this work was to study the effect of varying the manganese content on SBA-15 supported iron catalysts to determine the optimum loading of Mn along with the effect of temperature. It was found that CO conversion increases from 27% to74% with increasing the amount of manganese. The yield of CO2 increased substantially with higher Mn loadings. When different Mn promoted iron catalysts were compared, the catalysts with 2.8 wt% Mn loading showed the best performance in terms of the CO conversion and yield of C2+ hydrocarbons. Catalyst with 2.8 wt% of manganese loading yielded a CO conversion of 54%, with a methane yield of 17%, 32% (carbon) yield of C2- C4 and 9%(carbon) yields of C5+ hydrocarbon products, respectively. The effect of operating temperature on the catalytic performance of both the base catalyst 15Fe/SBA-15 and the promoted 2.8Mn/15Fe/SBA-15 catalyst was also examined. The unpromoted iron catalyst showed an improved catalytic activity at 400 °C with the total CO conversion of 38% and a higher yields of C5+ hydrocarbons. A significant decrease was also observed in the yields of CH4 and CO2. The methane and carbon dioxide yield increased from 11% and 8% to 25% and 40%, respectively, as the temperature increased from 400 to 450 °C. The catalyst with 2.8 wt% of manganese promotion gave better CO conversion and hydrocarbon product yields at 430 °C. Lower temperature showed negative effect on hydrocarbon product yield for manganese promoted catalysts. promoted catalysts.

Book Rhodium Catalyzed Hydroformylation

Download or read book Rhodium Catalyzed Hydroformylation written by Piet W.N.M. van Leeuwen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-09-30 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decade there have been numerous advances in the area of rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation, such as highly selective catalysts of industrial importance, new insights into mechanisms of the reaction, very selective asymmetric catalysts, in situ characterization and application to organic synthesis. The views on hydroformylation which still prevail in the current textbooks have become obsolete in several respects. Therefore, it was felt timely to collect these advances in a book. The book contains a series of chapters discussing several rhodium systems arranged according to ligand type, including asymmetric ligands, a chapter on applications in organic chemistry, a chapter on modern processes and separations, and a chapter on catalyst preparation and laboratory techniques. This book concentrates on highlights, rather than a concise review mentioning all articles in just one line. The book aims at an audience of advanced students, experts in the field, and scientists from related fields. The didactic approach also makes it useful as a guide for an advanced course.

Book Catalyst Development for Dry Reforming of Methane and Low temperature Water gas Shift Reaction

Download or read book Catalyst Development for Dry Reforming of Methane and Low temperature Water gas Shift Reaction written by Rothman Yu-Fai Kam and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both dry reforming of methane (DRM) and low-temperature water-gas shift (LT-WGS) processes can be integrated into a fuel cell plant and are utilised for the production of hydrogen as an important energy source for fuel cells. Improvement of current catalytic systems, and identification and development of alternative catalysts for DRM and LT-WGS reactions have formed the basis of this study. In the first stage of the work, the influence of WO3 on a Pt/CeO2 catalyst was investigated for the dry reforming of methane. It was found that Pt/CeO2 catalysts loaded with WO3 at 10 mol% to 20 mol% were very stable during 20 hours of dry reforming of methane operation in comparison to a commercial Ni catalyst. However further addition of WO3 (>70%) promoted coking on the Pt/CeO2 sample, ultimately leading to catalyst deactivation. It was also desirable to develop catalysts with higher activity to reduce operating cost, thus the physicochemical properties of different materials were assessed to identify parameters important for LT-WGS activity. Copper catalysts on metal oxide support (CeO2, ZnO, TiO2, SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, MgO and SnO2) were screened, while characterisation showed the catalyst adsorbing H2O and CO was crucial in generating LT-WGS activity, with Cu/ZnO attaining the highest LT-WGS activity. Lanthanum (La) was known to have high affinity for H2O, hence the effects of La doping on Cu/ZnO catalysts for use in LT-WGS reaction was investigated. The findings indicated the La promoter improved activity at a loading of 2.3 wt%, above which the activity significantly decreased. A systematic investigation has also been conducted on the effects of oxygen introduction on the Cu-based and Pt-based catalysts during LT-WGS operation with particular attention on the pyrophoricity (i.e. vulnerability to oxidative sintering) of the catalysts, and the impacts on key material characteristics. The objective was to examine whether the catalysts were suitable for fuel cell applications. It was observed that the Cu-based catalysts were pyrophoric and therefore not a suitable catalyst. No pyrophoricity was observed for Pt-based catalysts. Pt/CeO2 was the only catalyst that retained its activity, displaying no loss in specific surface area or metal dispersion throughout the entire process, rendering it a suitable candidate for fuel cell systems.

Book Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane for Hydrogen Production on Co Catalysts and Ni co Bimetallic Catalysts

Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane for Hydrogen Production on Co Catalysts and Ni co Bimetallic Catalysts written by Waralee Marungrueang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cobalt catalysts (cobalt content by weight: 7%, 10% and 15%) and cobalt-nickel bimetallic catalysts (cobalt-nickel content by weight: 3.5%-3.5%, 5%-5%, 7%-7%, 10%-10% and 15%-15%) were studied in dry reforming of methane for hydrogen and synthesis gas production. All catalysts were synthesized by the wetness impregnation method. The dry reforming of methane was carried out at 700oC, atmosphere pressure using a mixture; CH4 and CO2 in ratio 1:1. It was found that, after 120 minutes, the catalysts that gave the best methane conversion are 10%Co/Al2O3 (61.86%) for mono-metallic catalysts and 10%Ni-10%Co/Al2O3 (96.86%) for bimetallic catalysts. Moreover, the effect of adding potassium promoter to 10%Ni-10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst was studied. The methane conversion of potassium promoted 10%Ni-10%Co/Al2O3 catalyst was slightly lower than one without potassium. However, the adding of promoter could significantly decrease the carbon content on the catalysts.

Book Ru Ni SBA 16 Catalysts

Download or read book Ru Ni SBA 16 Catalysts written by Joy Tannous and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Industrial Catalysis

Download or read book Industrial Catalysis written by Jens Hagen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-02 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in it's 3rd Edition, Industrial Catalysis offers all relevant information on catalytic processes in industry, including many recent examples. Perfectly suited for self-study, it is the ideal companion for scientists who want to get into the field or refresh existing knowledge. The updated edition covers the full range of industrial aspects, from catalyst development and testing to process examples and catalyst recycling. The book is characterized by its practical relevance, expressed by a selection of over 40 examples of catalytic processes in industry. In addition, new chapters on catalytic processes with renewable materials and polymerization catalysis have been included. Existing chapters have been carefully revised and supported by new subchapters, for example, on metathesis reactions, refinery processes, petrochemistry and new reactor concepts. "I found the book accesible, readable and interesting - both as a refresher and as an introduction to new topics - and a convenient first reference on current industrial catalytic practise and processes." Excerpt from a book review for the second edition by P. C. H. Mitchell, Applied Organometallic Chemistry (2007)

Book Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion

Download or read book Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion written by Tomas Ramirez Reina and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-07-19 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide that offers a review of the current technologies that tackle CO2 emissions The race to reduce CO2 emissions continues to be an urgent global challenge. "Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion" offers a thorough guide to the most current technologies designed to mitigate CO2 emissions ranging from CO2 capture to CO2 utilization approaches. With contributions from an international panel representing a wide range of expertise, this book contains a multidisciplinary toolkit that covers the myriad aspects of CO2 conversion strategies. Comprehensive in scope, it explores the chemical, physical, engineering and economical facets of CO2 conversion. "Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion" explores a broad range of topics including linking CFD and process simulations, membranes technologies for efficient CO2 capture-conversion, biogas sweetening technologies, plasma-assisted conversion of CO2, and much more. This important resource: * Addresses a pressing concern of global environmental damage, caused by the greenhouse gases emissions from fossil fuels * Contains a review of the most current developments on the various aspects of CO2 capture and utilization strategies * Incldues information on chemical, physical, engineering and economical facets of CO2 capture and utilization * Offers in-depth insight into materials design, processing characterization, and computer modeling with respect to CO2 capture and conversion Written for catalytic chemists, electrochemists, process engineers, chemical engineers, chemists in industry, photochemists, environmental chemists, theoretical chemists, environmental officers, "Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion" provides the most current and expert information on the many aspects and challenges of CO2 conversion.

Book Methane Conversion by Oxidative Processes

Download or read book Methane Conversion by Oxidative Processes written by Wolf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reasonable case could be made that the scientific interest in catalytic oxidation was the basis for the recognition of the phenomenon of catalysis. Davy, in his attempt in 1817 to understand the science associated with the safety lamp he had invented a few years earlier, undertook a series of studies that led him to make the observation that a jet of gas, primarily methane, would cause a platinum wire to continue to glow even though the flame was extinguished and there was no visible flame. Dobereiner reported in 1823 the results of a similar investigation and observed that spongy platina would cause the ignition of a stream of hydrogen in air. Based on this observation Dobereiner invented the first lighter. His lighter employed hydrogen (generated from zinc and sulfuric acid) which passed over finely divided platinum and which ignited the gas. Thousands of these lighters were used over a number of years. Dobereiner refused to file a patent for his lighter, commenting that "I love science more than money." Davy thought the action of platinum was the result of heat while Dobereiner believed the ~ffect ~as a manifestation of electricity. Faraday became interested in the subject and published a paper on it in 1834; he concluded that the cause for this reaction was similar to other reactions.

Book Strong Metal support Interactions

Download or read book Strong Metal support Interactions written by R. T. K. Baker and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Design and Development of Supported Transition Metal Phosphide Catalysts for Syngas Conversion to Alcohols

Download or read book Design and Development of Supported Transition Metal Phosphide Catalysts for Syngas Conversion to Alcohols written by Eduardo Valle (Researcher in chemical engineering) and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In attempts to address the threats of climate change, countries are making efforts to mitigate their emissions of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO2). The transition from economies driven by energy and chemicals derived from fossil fuel feedstocks to cleaner alternative fuels and technologies are met with great challenges. In the field of fuel and chemical production specifically, the transformation of carbon monoxide (CO) and CO2, produced through alternative technologies, to value added chemical products require catalysts that are active, selective, and stable. Current research efforts have focused on heavy characterization of catalysts in attempts of establishing a structure-activity correlation to help design and engineer the catalyst of the future. This thesis will focus on the design and characterization of two supported transition metal phosphide (TMP) catalysts, molybdenum phosphide (MoP) and ruthenium phosphide (RuP), and a bimetallic nickel iron (NiFe) catalyst. The first TMP, MoP, was specifically designed and optimized for the higher alcohol synthesis (HAS) reaction from synthesis gas (syngas) (CO/H2). Higher alcohols are defined as an alcohol group containing two or more carbon atoms., like ethanol. Through a systematic design approach, the optimal amount of potassium (K) promoter, P and Mo was determined and synthesized on three different supports: amorphous silica (SiO2), ordered silica (SBA-15), and mesoporous carbon (C). The different combinations led to contrasting catalytic performance with respect the HAS activity. The second TMP, RuP, was designed and optimized for the methanol synthesis (MS) reaction. Ru catalysts are known as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) catalysts as they selectively produce hydrocarbons. This study was able to change the intrinsic catalytic nature of Ru through addition of P. Catalytic results showed that the presence of P transformed the Ru FTS catalyst to a MS catalyst. The NiFe catalyst was tested for the ethane dehydrogenation reaction, in which the essential feedstock chemical ethylene is produced. This catalyst was tested for direct ethane dehydrogenation, in which only ethane is fed to the reactor along with H2 to mitigate coking, and oxidative ethane dehydrogenation, where CO2 is fed to promote the reacting and mitigate coking. The catalysts were also synthesized on two different supports, SiO2 and C, to quantify support effects. The overall goal of these studies was to determine the influence that addition of promoters, like K, phosphides, and secondary metals have on catalytic properties and how we might use that to design catalysts with improved activity, selectivity, and stability.

Book Fuel Cells Technologies for Fuel Processing

Download or read book Fuel Cells Technologies for Fuel Processing written by Dushyant Shekhawat and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-03-18 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel Cells: Technologies for Fuel Processing provides an overview of the most important aspects of fuel reforming to the generally interested reader, researcher, technologist, teacher, student, or engineer. The topics covered include all aspects of fuel reforming: fundamental chemistry, different modes of reforming, catalysts, catalyst deactivation, fuel desulfurization, reaction engineering, novel reforming concepts, thermodynamics, heat and mass transfer issues, system design, and recent research and development. While no attempt is made to describe the fuel cell itself, there is sufficient description of the fuel cell to show how it affects the fuel reformer. By focusing on the fundamentals, this book aims to be a source of information now and in the future. By avoiding time-sensitive information/analysis (e.g., economics) it serves as a single source of information for scientists and engineers in fuel processing technology. The material is presented in such a way that this book will serve as a reference for graduate level courses, fuel cell developers, and fuel cell researchers. Chapters written by experts in each area Extensive bibliography supporting each chapter Detailed index Up-to-date diagrams and full colour illustrations

Book Oxidation Stability and Activity of Bulk Supported and Promoted Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts for Methane Reforming

Download or read book Oxidation Stability and Activity of Bulk Supported and Promoted Molybdenum Carbide Catalysts for Methane Reforming written by Anna Rini Sekar Darujati and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: