Download or read book Economic Mobility and the Rise of the Latin American Middle Class written by Francisco H. G. Ferreira and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-11-09 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of stagnation, the size of Latin America's middle class recently expanded to the point where, for the first time ever, the number of people in poverty is equal to the size of the middle class. This volume investigates the nature, determinants and possible consequences of this remarkable process of social transformation. We propose an original definition of the middle class, tailor-made for Latin America, centered on the concept of economic security and thus a low probability of falling into poverty. Given our definition of the middle class, there are four, not three, classes in Latin America. Sandwiched between the poor and the middle class there lies a large group of people who appear to make ends meet well enough, but do not enjoy the economic security that would be required for membership of the middle class. We call this group the 'vulnerable'. In an almost mechanical sense, these transformations in Latin America reflect both economic growth and declining inequality in over the period. We adopt a measure of mobility that decomposes the 'gainers' and 'losers' in society by social class of each household. The continent has experienced a large amount of churning over the last 15 years, at least 43% of all Latin Americans changed social classes between the mid 1990s and the end of the 2000s. Despite the upward mobility trend, intergenerational mobility, a better proxy for inequality of opportunity, remains stagnant. Educational achievement and attainment remain to be strongly dependent upon parental education levels. Despite the recent growth in pro-poor programs, the middle class has benefited disproportionally from social security transfers and are increasingly opting out from government services. Central to the region's prospects of continued progress will be its ability to harness the new middle class into a new, more inclusive social contract, where the better-off pay their fair share of taxes, and demand improved public services.
Download or read book History and Society in Central America written by Edelberto Torres Rivas and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2014-11-06 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in Chile in 1969 as Interpretación del desarrollo social centroamericano, this classic is now available in English. The first attempt at an integrated analysis of modern Central America's socioeconomic structure, Torres Rivas's work traces the social development of Central America from independence (1871) up to the 1960s. Using a dependency framework, but not limited by it, Torres Rivas describes the various divisions of Central American society and their evolution within the liberal development model that has been so much a part of the past century of Central American economic history. The book is compelling in its explanation of the relationship between foreign and native elements in the social development of the region. Torres Rivas describes and analyzes the resulting long-term problems this development has posed for Central America. With a new chapter added for the English edition, History and Society in Central America remains vital for readers interested in the region.
Download or read book An Economic History of Twentieth Century Latin America written by E. Cardenas and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-13 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1990s, 'protection', 'import substitution' and 'intervention' have become dirty words, part of the 'leyenda negra' of Latin America development in the postwar period. This book attempts a fresh look at the controversial years between the end of the Second World War and the point when, at varying dates in different countries, a discontinuity occurs in which the postwar 'style of development' ceased to play a central role in the economic evolution of the region. The analysis is based on seven case studies covering eleven countries.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Latin American Economics written by José Antonio Ocampo and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 959 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the key factors affecting the development of Latin American economies that examines long-term growth performance, macroeconomic issues, Latin American economies in the global context, technological and agricultural policies, and the evolution of labour markets, the education sector, and social security programmes.
Download or read book Do Options Exist written by Maria Amparo Cruz-Saco and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2010-11-23 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely volume brings together specialists on the reform of social security systems to analyze the similarities and differences of those health care and pension reforms that have taken place since the early 1990s and suggests possible gains through recent or contemplated revisions to those systems.
Download or read book Agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean written by and published by Bib. Orton IICA / CATIE. This book was released on 1985 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Changing Role Of The State In Latin America written by Menno Vellinga and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1930s the state has played a primary role in the development process of Latin American countries, and political systems have had strong corporatist and authoritarian-centralist features. In the last several years, as that role has become increasingly incompatible with neoliberal reforms and the requirements of a transition to democracy, state power has been significantly decentralized, and the state has withdrawn from direct intervention in the economy. This book examines the consequences of the redefinition of the state for processes of democratization and statecivil society relations. }Since the 1930s the state has played a primary role in the development process of most Latin American countries, and political systems have had strong corporatist and authoritarian-centralist features. In the last several years, as that role has become increasingly incompatible with neoliberal reforms and the requirements of a transition to democracy, state power has been significantly decentralized, and the state has withdrawn from direct intervention in the economy. This book examines the consequences of the redefinition of the state for processes of democratization and statecivil society relations, looking, for example, at transfers of power to local and regional authorities, the role of NGOs and other interest groups in policymaking, the emergence of new social movements, and privatization and the introduction of market criteria. Several country case studies are also included. }
Download or read book Agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean written by and published by IICA. This book was released on with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Capital Power And Inequality In Latin America written by Sandor Halebsky and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last two decades, economic, political, and social life in Latin America has been transformed by the region’s accelerated integration into the global economy. Although this transformation has tended to exacerbate various inequities, new forms of popular expression and action challenging the contemporary structures of capital and power have also developed. This volume is a comprehensive, genuinely comparative text on contemporary Latin America. In it, an international group of contributors offer multidimensional analyses of the historical context, contemporary character, and future direction of rural transformation, urbanization, economic restructuring, and the transition to political democracy. In addition, individual essays address the changing role of women, the influence of religion, the growth of new social movements, the struggles of indigenous peoples, and ecological issues. Finally, the book examines the influence of U.S. policy and of regionalization and globalization on the Latin American states. Sandor Halebsky is professor of sociology at Saint Mary’s University in Halifax, Nova Scotia. He coedited Cuba in Transition: Crisis and Transformation (Westview, 1992). Richard L. Harris is chair of the faculty at Golden Gate University in Monterey, California. He is one of the coordinating editors of the journal Latin American Perspectives and the author of Marxism, Socialism, and Democracy in Latin America (Westview, 1992).
Download or read book Rethinking Development in Latin America written by Charles H. Wood and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Macroeconomic Theory written by J. Drèze and published by Springer. This book was released on 2001-08-02 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading world scholars analyze a range of specific departures from general equilibrium theory which have significant implications for the macroeconomic analysis of both developed and developing economies. Jacques Drèze considers uncertainty and incomplete markets and Nobel Laureate Robert Solow relates growth theory to the macroeconomic framework. Other issues examined are the implications for macro-policy of new research, including Joseph Stiglitz's warning on the misplaced zeal for financial market liberalization which partly engendered the East Asian and Russian crises.
Download or read book Notes and proposals on the designs and implementation of war on poverty projects in Latin America and the Caribbean written by and published by IICA Biblioteca Venezuela. This book was released on with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conferences and Organizations Series written by Pan American Union. Division of Conferences and Organizations and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 1370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treaties and Other International Acts Series written by and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 1116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book United States Treaties and Other International Agreements written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 1392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
