Download or read book Progesterone receptor isoforms A and B written by Heimo Syvälä and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Regulation and Function of Progesterone Receptor Isoforms A and B in the Normal Mouse Mammary Gland written by Mark Douglas Aupperlee and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Receptors in Development and Disease written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-05-17 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear Receptors in Development and Disease, Volume 125, the latest volume in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series, covers nuclear receptors in development and disease, and includes contributions from an international board of authors. New chapters in this release cover the Evolution of Nuclear Receptors and Ligand Signaling: Towards a Soft Key–Lock Model?, The Function and Evolution of Nuclear Receptors in Insect Embryonic Development, Nuclear Receptors in Skeletal Homeostasis, Estrogen Hormone Biology, and the Mechanisms of Glucocorticoid Action During Development. The book's chapters provide a comprehensive set of reviews that cover such topics as nuclear differentiation and remodeling, evolution of receptors, ligand signaling and neural development. Covers the area of nuclear receptors in development and disease Includes contributions from an International board of authors Provides a comprehensive set of reviews on topics as nuclear differentiation and remodeling, evolution of receptors, ligand signaling and neural developments
Download or read book Role of Progesterone Receptor Isoforms in Regulation of Cell Adhesion and Apoptosis written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progesterone receptors (PR) and estrogen receptors (ER) are important prognostic indicators in breast cancer. We believe that PR, in addition to being an indicator of functional ER, can play a role in the progression of breast cancer in its own right. The two isoforms of PR, PR-A and PR-B, function differently both in vitro and in vivo; however, before our studies, few PR regulated genes had been identified and it was not known which of these progesterone-responsive genes were regulated via PR-A versus PR-B. Our studies have identified such genes and cloned some of the promoters of differentially regulated genes to use as indicators of isoform-specific PR activity. In addition, we have created breast cancer cells that inducibly express one or the other PR isoform. Using these cells, we have determined that the gene expression profile of breast cancer cell changes just by having PR even in the absence of ligand. Interestingly, we find that PR-A regulates more genes in a ligand-independent manner, whereas PR-B is the stronger ligand dependent transcription factor. We have found that PR-B uniquely regulates genes involved in mammary gland differentiation, while PR-A upregulates the anti-apoptosis gene Bc1-XL and cells containing PR-A are more resistant to apoptosis.
Download or read book IASLC Thoracic Oncology E Book written by Harvey Pass and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2017-04-21 with total page 960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global experts, in conjunction with the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, bring you up to date with today’s best approaches to lung cancer diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. IASLC Thoracic Oncology, 2nd Edition, keeps you abreast of the entire scope of this fast-changing field, from epidemiology to diagnosis to treatment to advocacy. Written in a straightforward, practical style for the busy clinician, this comprehensive, multidisciplinary title is a must-have for anyone involved in the care of patients with lung cancer and other thoracic malignancies. Offers practical, relevant coverage of basic science, epidemiology, pulmonology, medical and radiation oncology, surgery, pathology, palliative care, nursing, and advocacy. Provides authoritative guidance from the IASLC – the only global organization dedicated to the study of lung cancer. Includes new content on molecular testing, immunotherapy, early detection, staging and the IASLC staging system, surgical resection for stage I and stage II lung cancer, and stem cells in lung cancer. Features a new full-color design throughout, as well as updated diagnostic algorithms.
Download or read book Steroid Hormone Action written by Malcolm G. Parker and published by IRL Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a detailed overview of the mechanisms by which steroid hormones regulate gene activity in target cells. It should be of interest to molecular biologists, endocrinologists, pharmacologists and clinicians interested in gene regulation hormones and steroid antagonists.
Download or read book Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders written by Albert Altchek and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-09-04 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated second edition of Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders provides thorough, yet succinct insight into the ever-changing realm of ovarian disorders. It presents a novel multidisciplinary approach to the subject as described by clinicians, surgeons, pathologists, basic scientists and related medical researchers. Topics covered include reproductive technology, early diagnosis of ovarian cancer, and management of menopause among others. The breadth of information provided by this book will appeal to clinicians and researchers involved in the study and treatment of ovarian disorders. KEY FEATURES* Includes updated information on early diagnosis of ovarian cancer* Reviews new diagnostic techniques for ovarian disorders* Discusses latest information on reproductive technology* Presents translational treatment linking laboratory research with clinical medicine
Download or read book Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology written by Andrew L. Folpe, MD and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-08-04 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology: A Volume in the Diagnostic Pathology Series, by Andrew L. Folpe, MD and Carrie Y. Inwards, MD, packs today's most essential bone and soft tissue pathology know-how into a compact, high-yield format! The book's pragmatic, well-organized approach-complemented by abundant full-color, high-quality illustrations and at-a-glance tables-makes it easy to access the information you need to quickly and accurately identify pathology specimens. Best of all, Expert Consult functionality provides online access to the full text of the book, downloadable illustrations for your personal use, and more. The result is a practical, affordable reference for study and review as well as for everyday clinical practice. Includes access to the complete contents online, fully searchable, downloadable illustrations for your personal use, and more, allowing you to consult the text a quick, convenient manner. Reviews normal histology before examining abnormal findings, enabling you to conveniently compare their characteristics in one place at one time. Covers both neoplastic and non-neoplastic conditions of bone and soft tissue to equip you to meet a wide range of diagnostic challenges. Uses a consistent, user-friendly format to explore each entity's clinical features, pathologic features (gross and microscopic), ancillary studies, differential diagnoses, and prognostic and therapeutic considerations...making it easy to locate specific information on a particular entity. Features abundant boxes and tables throughout that enhance the presentation and accessibility of the material. Offers nearly 1,000 full-color, high-quality illustrations that demonstrate the key features of a wide variety of pathologic lesions to facilitate greater accuracy in identification of specimens. The Foundations in Diagnostic Pathology Series answers the call for fresh, affordable, and easy-to-use guidance. Each region-specific volume provides all of the most essential information on the pathologic entities encountered in practice. Series Editor: John R. Goldblum, MD, FACP, FASCP, FACG Your purchase entitles you to access the web site until the next edition is published, or until the current edition is no longer offered for sale by Elsevier, whichever occurs first. Elsevier reserves the right to offer a suitable replacement product (such as a downloadable or CD-ROM-based electronic version) should access to the web site be discontinued.
Download or read book Progesterone Receptor Isoforms in Vivo written by Patricia A. Mote and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Introduction to Neuroendocrinology written by Richard E. Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-01-27 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed as an introductory text in neuroendocrinology; the study of the interaction between the brain and endocrine system and the influence of this on behaviour. The endocrine glands, pituitary gland and hypothalamus and their interactions and hormones are discussed. The action of steroid and thyroid hormone receptors and the regulation of target cell response to hormones is examined. The function of neuropeptides is discussed with respect to the neuroendocrine system and behaviour. The neuroimmune system and lymphokines are described and the interaction between the neuroendocrine and neuroimmune systems discussed. Finally, methods for studying hormonal influences on behaviour are outlined. Each chapter has review and essay questions designed for advanced students and honours or graduate students with a background in neuroscience, respectively.
Download or read book Progesterone Receptor Isoforms written by Junaid Ali Khan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progesterone receptor (PR) is an essential pharmacological target for contraception, female reproductive disorders as well as for hormone-dependent breast and uterine cancers. Human PR is expressed as two major isoforms PRA and PRB which behave as distinct transcriptional factors. PRA vs PRB expression is often altered under pathological conditions notably breast cancer through unknown mechanisms. In this thesis we demonstrate that down-regulations of PRB and PRA proteins are negatively controlled by key phosphorylation events involving distinct MAP kinase signaling. PRA is selectively stabilized by p38 MAPK whereas p42/44 MAPK specifically controls PRB stability leading to unbalanced PRA/PRB ratios in a ligand sensitive manner. In cancer cells, elevated extracellular stimuli such as epidermal growth factors or pro-inflammatory cytokines that preferentially activate p42/44 or p38 MAPK respectively may result in opposite variations in PRA/PRB expression ratio. These results may explain altered PRA/PRB ratios often associated with breast tumors. To get a mechanistic understanding of how varied PRA/PRB ratio contributes in cell signaling, we generated an original bi-inducible PR-isoform cell model allowing selective, reversible and dose-dependent expression of PRA and/or PRB, enabling fine-tune adjustment of PRA/PRB ratio in the same cells. Using this cell-based system, we undertook genome-wide transcriptomic studies to investigate transcriptional regulation driven by unliganded and liganded PR isoforms. We report that several aspects of PR signaling such as target gene selection/transcriptional regulation, cross-talk with growth factors and antiproliferative efficacy of antiprogestin are highly dependent upon variation in PRA/PRB ratio. A new potential therapeutic strategy in PR-dependent pathological conditions may rely on the use of PR antagonists. Most of the currently available antiprogestins such as mifepristone present partial agonist activity and are not selective to PR leading to undesirable side effects. Therefore, in a collaborative project we have synthesized and characterized several new PR antagonist compounds named as APRn. Structure-activity relationship studies allowed identification of the key substitutions in steroidal skeleton responsible for agonist/antagonist character of these molecules. Several selected APRn lack partial agonist effect, are PR specific and inhibit PR transcriptional properties through a new passive mechanism of action i.e. impaired recruitment of transcriptional coregulators. Such PR selective antagonists devoid of partial agonist character might provide important therapeutic perspectives for various reproductive tract abnormalities and hormone-dependent uterine and breast cancers. Altogehter, our results provide mechanistic insights into the functional selectivity of PR isoforms and their pharmacological targeting by the use of PR antagonists.
Download or read book Estrogens and Antiestrogens written by Robert Lindsay and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1997 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Arterial Chemoreceptors in Physiology and Pathophysiology written by Chris Peers and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-24 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every three years, the International Society for Arterial Chemoreception (ISAC) arranges a Meeting to bring together all of the major International research groups investigating the general topic of oxygen sensing in health and disease, with a prime focus upon systemic level hypoxia and carotid body function. This volume summarises the proceedings of the XIXth meeting of the Society, held in Leeds, UK during the summer of 2014. As such this volume represents a unique collection of state of the art reviews and original, brief research articles covering all aspects of oxygen sensing, ranging from the molecular mechanisms of chemotransduction in oxygen sensing cells such as the carotid body type I cells, to the adverse, reflex cardiovascular outcomes arising from carotid body dysfunction as seen, for example, in heart failure or obstructive sleep apnoea. This volume will be of tremendous interest to basic scientists with an interest in the cellular and molecular biology of oxygen sensing and integrative, whole organism physiologists as well as physicians studying or treating the clinical cardiovascular consequences of carotid body dysfunction.
Download or read book Characterization of Progesterone Receptor PGR MRNA and Protein Isoforms in the Endometrium of Cyclic and Pregnant Pigs written by Erin M. Sellner and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disappearance of the progesterone receptor (PGR) from the uterine luminal epithelium (LE) is essential for cyclicity and pregnancy in pigs. In humans, three PGR mRNA isoforms (PGR-A, PGR-B and PGR-C) arise from alternative transcription start sites, encoding three protein isoforms which confer distinct biological functions. The objective was to identify and characterize PGR mRNA and protein isoforms in porcine endometrium during the estrous cycle and pregnancy. Porcine PGR gene was sequenced and homology to human PGR assessed (84%). Three transcription initiation sites were identified in endometrium: PGR-B, PGR-A and PGR-C. The presence of PGR-B and PGR-A mRNA was detected in total RNA milieu. Abundance of PGR isoform mRNA was assayed in endometrial tissue from cyclic (days 0, 5, 7.5, 10, 12, 13, 15, 17) and pregnant (days 10, 12, 13, 15, 17) pigs. Isoform PGR-B mRNA had a tendency to be greater on d 0 and d 5 and decreased on d 7.5 and d 15 (P
Download or read book Hormonal Contraception and Post menopausal Hormonal Therapy written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 1999 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluates evidence for an increased risk of cancer in women using combined oral contraceptives, progestogen-only hormonal contraceptives, post-menopausal estrogen therapy, and post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy. Although the carcinogenicity of these preparations has been extensively investigated, the book stresses the many complex methodological issues that must be considered when interpreting findings and weighing results. Evidence of an association between use of these preparations and positive effects on health, including a reduced risk of some cancers, is also critically assessed. The first and most extensive monograph evaluates evidence of an association between the use of combined oral contraceptives and cancer at nine sites. Concerning breast cancer, the evaluation concludes that, even if the association is causal, the excess risk for breast cancer associated with patterns of use that are typical today is very small. Studies of predominantly high-dose preparations found an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in the absence of hepatitis viruses. Citing these findings, the evaluation concludes that there is sufficient evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of combined oral contraceptives. The evaluation also found sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of some, but not all, combined preparations in animals. Combined oral contraceptives were classified as carcinogenic to humans. The evaluation also cites conclusive evidence that these agents have a protective effect against cancers of the ovary and endometrium. Progestogen-only contraceptives are evaluated in the second monograph, which considers the association with cancer at six sites. The evaluation found no evidence of an increased risk for breast cancer. Although the evaluation found sufficient evidence in animals for the carcinogenicity of medroxyprogesterone acetate, evidence for the carcinogenicity of progestogen-only contraceptives in humans was judged inadequate. Progestogen-only contraceptives were classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. The third monograph, on post-menopausal estrogen therapy, considers evidence of an association with cancer at eight sites. Findings from a large number of epidemiological studies indicate a small increase in the risk of breast cancer in women who have used these preparations for five years or more. Studies consistently show an association between use of post-menopausal estrogen therapy and an increased risk for endometrial cancer. Data on the association with other cancers were either inconclusive or suggested no effect on risk. The evaluation concludes that post-menopausal estrogen therapy is carcinogenic to humans. The final monograph evaluates the association between the use of post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy and cancer at four sites. The evaluation of limited data on breast cancer found an increased relative risk observed with long-term use. Data were judged insufficient to assess the effects of past use and of different progestogen compounds, doses, and treatment schedules. For endometrial cancer, the evaluation found an increase in risk relative to non-users when the progestogen was added to the cycle for 10 days or fewer. Post-menopausal estrogen-progestogen therapy was classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans. Concerning post-menopausal therapy in general, the book notes that evidence of carcinogenic risks must be placed in perspective of potential benefits. The prevention of osteoporotic fractures is cited as the best-established benefit. Evidence also suggests that estrogen prevents heart disease and may prevent memory loss and dementia.
Download or read book Preterm Birth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-05-23 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.
Download or read book Progesterone and Progestins written by C. Wayne Bardin and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1983 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
