Download or read book Firm Size Employees and Profitability in U S Manufacturing Industries written by Fred R. Kaen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the relation between profitability and size for sixty-four manufacturing industries between 1990 and 2001. We use three measures of profitability: Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization as a percent of sales (EBITDA margin); earnings before interest and taxes as a percent of sales (EBIT margin) and EBIT as a percent of total assets (EBIT/TA). Our measure of firm size is the natural log of the number of employees.We find the following:(1) In about half of the sixty-four industries firm profitability increases at a decreasing rate and eventually declines as firms become larger.(2) For the remaining half of our manufacturing industries, no relationship exists between size and profitability.(3) For a given level of total assets, firms with fewer employees exhibit greater profitability.(4) For a given level of sales, firms with fewer employees exhibit greater profitability.Our results are consistent with theories of firm size that specify trade-offs between economies of scale and organizational costs and with theories that ascribe certain competencies to firms that allow them to offset the advantages often ascribed to large firms such as economies of scale.
Download or read book Profitability and Size of Firm written by University of California, Berkeley. Institute of Business and Economic Research and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Firm Size and Profitability written by Aloy Niresh and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of firm size on profitability of quoted manufacturing firms in Sri Lanka. In this study, data of 15 companies which were active in Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) between the years 2008 to 2012 has been used. As indicators of firm profitability, Return on Assets and Net Profit have been used whereas Total Assets and Total Sales have been utilized as indicators of firm size. Correlation and regression methods have been used in the empirical analysis. There is no indicative relationship between firm size and profitability of listed manufacturing firms, the findings reveal. In addition, the results showed that firm size has no profound impact on profitability of the listed manufacturing firms in Sri Lanka.
Download or read book Handbook of Corporate Finance written by Bjørn Espen Eckbo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-05-21 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Judging by the sheer number of papers reviewed in this Handbook, the empirical analysis of firms' financing and investment decisions—empirical corporate finance—has become a dominant field in financial economics. The growing interest in everything "corporate is fueled by a healthy combination of fundamental theoretical developments and recent widespread access to large transactional data bases. A less scientific—but nevertheless important—source of inspiration is a growing awareness of the important social implications of corporate behavior and governance. This Handbook takes stock of the main empirical findings to date across an unprecedented spectrum of corporate finance issues, ranging from econometric methodology, to raising capital and capital structure choice, and to managerial incentives and corporate investment behavior. The surveys are written by leading empirical researchers that remain active in their respective areas of interest. With few exceptions, the writing style makes the chapters accessible to industry practitioners. For doctoral students and seasoned academics, the surveys offer dense roadmaps into the empirical research landscape and provide suggestions for future work.*The Handbooks in Finance series offers a broad group of outstanding volumes in various areas of finance*Each individual volume in the series should present an accurate self-contained survey of a sub-field of finance*The series is international in scope with contributions from field leaders the world over
Download or read book Profitability Patterns and Firm Size written by Michael Edmond Francis Treacy and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Performance of Small Firms written by David J. Storey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-22 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study, originally published in 1987, addresses the question of small firm performance. Drawing on an extensive database containing financial, employment and ownership data for several thousand small firms, the book examines whether small firms do actually provide jobs, whether they grow and why small firms fail. Guidance is given on how to spot the signs of impending failure in a small business, which is of use to accountants small business PR actioners and government grant providers.
Download or read book Profitability Patterns and Firm Size Classic Reprint written by Michael Treacy and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-24 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Profitability Patterns and Firm Size Bowman has produced empirical evidence that he suggests is in disagreement with the well known result that risk and return are positively associated. The fundamental empirical result obtained is that in most industries the average level of return on equity is negatively correlated with the variance of the returns on equity.[2] This result was obtained in 58 of the 85 Value Line industries tested. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book The Profitability Test written by Harborne W. Stuart, Jr. and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-08-19 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new way to determine whether a business strategy will lead to profitability. This book teaches readers to understand profitability in a systematic way, equipping them to provide logically coherent answers to questions about whether a new venture will be profitable, if changes in business strategy will generate an increase in profits, or if “staying the course” will result in continued profitability. Unlike books by business gurus that offer one-size-fits-all advice, this book starts from the premise that you, the reader, are in the best position to make difficult judgments about your business. It shows how to turn these judgments into coherent analysis, presenting state-of-the art theory for understanding business strategy from an economic perspective. The basic building block is the value that is created when the buyer and seller make a deal. In simple terms, if a company is to be profitable, it must make a favorable deal with each and every customer. After setting out key principles and applying them to market situations, the book teaches readers to apply the analysis to their own businesses—in other words, to create their own business game, the main ingredients of which are people and the value that they can create. It addresses how to integrate strategic moves into the book's theory of value creation and competition in order to address the sustainability of a company's profits, the effectiveness of the “invisible hand,” and restrictions to competition. Optional appendixes explain the relevant mathematics.
Download or read book An Examination of the Relationship Between Firm Size and Profitability written by V. Ganeshan and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Profitability and the Size of Firm written by Peter Edward Hart and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Connection Between Size of Firm and Profitability in the Light of Different Performance Indexes written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book PROFITABILITY AND SIZE OF FIRM written by CALIF. UNIV. INST. OF BUSINESS AND ECO. RESEARCH and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Making It Big written by Andrea Ciani and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic and social progress requires a diverse ecosystem of firms that play complementary roles. Making It Big: Why Developing Countries Need More Large Firms constitutes one of the most up-to-date assessments of how large firms are created in low- and middle-income countries and their role in development. It argues that large firms advance a range of development objectives in ways that other firms do not: large firms are more likely to innovate, export, and offer training and are more likely to adopt international standards of quality, among other contributions. Their particularities are closely associated with productivity advantages and translate into improved outcomes not only for their owners but also for their workers and for smaller enterprises in their value chains. The challenge for economic development, however, is that production does not reach economic scale in low- and middle-income countries. Why are large firms scarcer in developing countries? Drawing on a rare set of data from public and private sources, as well as proprietary data from the International Finance Corporation and case studies, this book shows that large firms are often born large—or with the attributes of largeness. In other words, what is distinct about them is often in place from day one of their operations. To fill the “missing top†? of the firm-size distribution with additional large firms, governments should support the creation of such firms by opening markets to greater competition. In low-income countries, this objective can be achieved through simple policy reorientation, such as breaking oligopolies, removing unnecessary restrictions to international trade and investment, and establishing strong rules to prevent the abuse of market power. Governments should also strive to ensure that private actors have the skills, technology, intelligence, infrastructure, and finance they need to create large ventures. Additionally, they should actively work to spread the benefits from production at scale across the largest possible number of market participants. This book seeks to bring frontier thinking and evidence on the role and origins of large firms to a wide range of readers, including academics, development practitioners and policy makers.
Download or read book Enviromental Innovation and Firm Profitability written by Janna Axenbeck and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Larger Board Size Decreasing Firm Value and Increasing Firm Solvency written by Theodore Eisenberg and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study finds significant correlations between board size and profitability and between board size and solvency in a sample of small and mid-size firms. Several studies hypothesize a relationship between board size and firm financial performance. Empirical tests of the relationship exist in a few studies of large U.S. firms. We find a negative correlation between board size and profitability in small and mid-size Finnish firms. Finding a board-size effect for a new and different class of firms points towards the influence of group size on risk-taking behavior as a source of the board-size effect. A new board-size effect we report, a positive correlation between board size and firm solvency, further supports the hypothesis that board-size effects result from distortions of risk-taking behavior.
Download or read book The Relations Among Industrial Profitability Measures Concentration Firm Size Capital Intensity Growth and Business Risk 1960 1968 volumes I and II written by Daryl Norman Winn and published by . This book was released on 1973* with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Do Diseconomies of Scale Impact Firm Size and Performance A Theoretical and Empirical Overview written by Staffan Canback and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article tests Oliver Williamson's proposition that transaction cost economics can explain the limits of firm size. Williamson suggests that diseconomies of scale are manifested through four interrelated factors: atmospheric consequences due to specialization, bureaucratic insularity, incentive limits of the employment relation and communication distortion due to bounded rationality. Furthermore, Williamson argues that diseconomies of scale are counteracted by economies of scale and can be moderated by adoption of the multidivisional organization form and by high internal asset specificity. Combined, these influences tend to cancel out and thus there is not a strong, directly observable, relationship between a large firm's size and performance.A review of the relevant literature, including transaction cost economics, sociological studies of bureaucracy, information-processing perspectives on the firm, agency theory, and studies of incentives and motivation within firms, as well as empirical studies of trends in firm size and industry concentration, corroborates Williamson's theoretical framework. The framework translates into five hypotheses: (1) Bureaucratic failure, in the form of atmospheric consequences, bureaucratic insularity, incentive limits and communication distortion, increases with firm size; (2) Large firms exhibit economies of scale; (3) Diseconomies of scale from bureaucratic failure have a negative impact on firm performance; (4) Economies of scale increase the relative profitability of large firms over smaller firms; and (5) Diseconomies of scale are moderated by two transaction cost-related factors: organisation form and asset specificity.The hypotheses were tested by applying structural equation models to primary and secondary cross-sectional data from 784 large US manufacturing firms. The statistical analyzes confirm the hypotheses. Thus, diseconomies of scale influence the growth and profitability of firms negatively, while economies of scale and the moderating factors have positive influences. This implies that executives and directors of large firms should pay attention to bureaucratic failure.
