Download or read book The Economics and Organization of Brazilian Agriculture written by Fabio Chaddad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-11 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economics and Organization of Brazilian Agriculture: Recent Evolution and Productivity Gains presents insights on Brazilian agriculture and its impressive gains in productivity and international competitiveness, also providing insightful examples for global policymakers. In Brazil, as in many countries, many economists and policymakers believe that agriculture is a traditional, low-tech sector that crowds out the development of other economic sectors and the country. This book shows that this anti-agriculture bias is ill-informed, and with population growth, rising incomes, urbanization and diet changes – especially in developing countries like China and India – on the rise, the demand for food is expected to double in the next 40 years. Brazil has the natural resources, technology and management systems in place to benefit from this expected growth in food consumption and trade. Through real-world examples, the book shows how other low-latitude countries with tropical climate and soils like Brazil – especially in sub-Saharan Africa – can benefit from the agricultural technology, production, and management systems developed in Brazil. Case studies in each of three key categories, including technology, resource management, and effective government programs provide valuable insights into effective decision-making to maximize the effect of each. Provides important and practical insights into achievable agricultural options via case studies Addresses the use of natural resources, technological advances, and management systems to create viable, adaptive economic growth Applies lessons learned in Brazil to improving both economic and ecological resource-sustainable agriculture for other regions and countries
Download or read book Productivity of Brazilian Agriculture written by Carlos A. Arnade and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ninety nine Fazendas written by William Hord Nicholls and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic research report on the structure and productivity of agriculture in Southern Brazil - includes historical and geographical aspects of the region, and covers major trends in land tenure, population density, labour supply of rural workers, cultivation techniques, livestock and agricultural production, farm income and investments, rural area transportation developments, etc. Maps, references and statistical tables.
Download or read book Productivity and Technical Change in Brazilian Agriculture written by Carlos A. Arnade and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agriculture and Industry in Brazil written by Albert Fishlow and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture and Industry in Brazil is a study of the economics of Brazilian agriculture and industry, with a special focus on the importance of innovation to productivity growth. Albert Fishlow and José Eustáquio Ribeiro Vieira Filho examine technological change in Brazil, highlighting the role of public policy in building institutions and creating an innovation-oriented environment. Fishlow and Vieira Filho tackle the theme of innovation from various angles. They contrast the relationship between state involvement and the private sector in key parts of the Brazilian economy and compare agricultural expansion with growth in the oil and aviation sectors. Fishlow and Vieira Filho argue that modern agriculture is a knowledge-intensive industry and its success in Brazil stems from public institution building. They demonstrate how research has played a key role in productivity growth, showing how prudent innovation policies can leverage knowledge not only within a particular company but also across whole sectors of the economy. The book discusses whether and how Brazil can serve as a model for other middle-income countries eager to achieve higher growth and a more egalitarian distribution of income. An important contribution to comparative, international, and development economics, Agriculture and Industry in Brazil shows how the public success in agriculture became a prototype for advance elsewhere.
Download or read book Sources of Regional Differences in Productivity in Brazilian Agriculture written by Robert L. Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agriculture Productivity Growth in Brazil written by Diego Arias and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The industrialization process in Brazil begun in the 1960s and intensified in the 1970s, however the expected productivity growth of the overall economy and structural transformation did not happen. Since the end of the 1970s, the Brazilian labor productivity has been lower than many similar economies, currently representing around one fourth of the average labor productivity in Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. One of the reasons for the weak productivity performance of the Brazilian economy in the past decades has been the manufacturing sector. Between 2000-2013, agriculture productivity rose by 105.6 percent, compared to only 11.7 percent in the services sector and -5.5 percent in the manufacturing sector. This report will focus mainly on policies related to key production factors (such as human, physical, and natural capital) and agriculture policies. The motivation for this report is to explore the evolution and source of the strong agriculture productivity growth that has occurred in Brazil in recent decades, identifying opportunities and challenges for future development of the sector. The goal is to look for opportunities to accelerate agriculture productivity growth, to have an increased impact on sector growth, jobs, environmental sustainability, and poverty reduction, as well as potentially to shed light on lessons that can contribute to efforts to boost productivity in other sectors within Brazil. The report is divided into five sections. Section one give introduction; section two describes the evolution and sources of agriculture productivity growth in recent years; section three evaluates the contributions of different factors of production, such as natural, human, and physical capital; section four explores the opportunities for further maximizing agriculture growth in Brazil through increases in productivity; and section five presents conclusions and policy recommendations on how to further maximize agriculture productivity in Brazil while having positive social (poverty reduction and jobs) and environmental impacts.
Download or read book Changes in Agricultural Production in Brazil 1947 65 written by Louis Ferdinand Herrmann and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ninety nine Fazendas written by William Hord Nicholls and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Productivity of Brazilian Agriculture written by Carlos A. Arnade and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agricultural Development in Brazil written by Antonio M. Buainain and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-05-20 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last few decades, Brazilian agriculture has experienced a seismic transformation, and its contradictory facets have fed different and opposing narratives regarding recent changes. This book covers these changes, exploring the issues from several empirical and analytical angles, including the role of agriculture in the contemporary Brazilian economy, the dynamics of Brazilian agricultural value chains, environmental challenges and the processes of social differentiation. Brazilian agriculture continues to be viewed in the international literature, either through the lenses of the past century – those of former problems relating to land use and land tenure – or apologetically. This collection of essays aims at updating the current interpretations, providing objective accounting of the main transformations, its determinants, results, contradictions and limitations. As it covers the most relevant traits of Brazilian agricultural and rural development, the book will provide the reader with an encompassing view of contemporary Brazilian agriculture, including the positive and negative sides of the so-called tropical agriculture revolution. It highlights the tremendous economic potential as well as the continuing structural heterogeneity, concentration of production and marginalization of millions of small farmers. Written in an engaging and accessible style, this book will be perfect for all those interested in learning about Brazilian agriculture. It will be of particular interest to undergraduate and graduate students of economic development, agricultural economics, rural sociology, comparative economic development, rural development and agricultural policies.
Download or read book Policy Technology and Efficiency of Brazilian Agriculture written by United States Department of Agriculture and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-07-19 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Brazilian agricultural sector has been transformed from a traditional system of production with low use of modern technologies to a world agricultural leader. That transformation occurred as the country moved away from import-substitution policies-which nurtured domestic industrial development at the expense of agriculture-toward market-oriented policy reforms. These reforms included openness to foreign trade and foreign investment and the use of new technologies, which led to a new growth pattern. To evaluate that transformation, the authors use agricultural censuses spanning 1985-2006 to characterize Brazilian total factor productivity growth, decomposing that growth into technical and efficiency changes. This report presents the findings of a study that focuses on the effect of Brazil's science and technology investments and other public policies on farm production. The findings indicate that agricultural research benefits have been most rapidly adopted by the most efficient farms, widening the productivity gap between these farms and average farms. That gap, however, has been narrowed through other public policies, such as rural credit and infrastructure investments, that favor average producers.
Download or read book Innovation Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability in Brazil written by Oecd and published by OECD. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture and the agro-processing sector in Brazil have shown impressive growth over the past two decades. This has largely been driven by productivity improvements and structural adjustment resulting from broad economic reforms, as well as new technologies developed by agricultural science. Government policy and industry initiatives are increasingly focused on the sustainability of agricultural development.
Download or read book Agriculture Productivity Growth in Brazilian Micro regions written by Alexandre Ywata de Carvalho and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Brazilian agricultural market is a key source of government revenues. Therefore, many studies are being done to assess the sector's productivity gain over time. However, the regional analysis of agricultural productivity still is not investigated. This work focuses on mapping the gain of agricultural productivity in Brazil in the years 1990-2012 by micro-region. After an overview of the behavior of productivity in the major regions, will be studied the ten major crops relative to the production value. The soybean, sugar cane, corn, coffee, cotton, cassava, rice, orange, bean and tobacco leaf crops accounted, on average between 2010 and 2012, 83.5% of national production. These 23 years will be divided into two periods, justified by the existing economic outlook at the time: from 1990 to 2000 and 2001 to 2012. These two periods are compared in order to analyze the evolution of productivity over the years.
Download or read book The Metaproduction Function for Brazilian Agriculture written by Robert Lee Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agricultural output in Brazil must grow at a rapid rate if the recent high rates of growth of the general economy are to continue. Growth in agricultural productivity is fundamental to such economic growth. To better understand the sources of such growth, a cross-sectional analysis of geographic differences in output and resource productivity in Brazil was undertaken. High payoff input models and models of induced development were drawn upon as sources of hypotheses to explain observed interregional differences in productivity. A Griliches - Haymi - Ruttan - type metaproduction function was especified as the analytical tool. Three input classes were included: traditional factors of production, represented by labor, cropland, and livestock; modern inputs, in the form of fertilizer and tractors; and montraditional inputs provided by society, represented by rural education and agricultural research and extesion. A Cobb - Douglas function was estimated with cross-sectional statelevel data for 1970. The following coefficient estimates resulted: labor, . 37; land, . 13; livestock, . 15; machinery, . 10; education, . 33; and research and estesion, . 24. The fertilizer variable was dropped from the function when no plausible coefficient was obtained apparently due to multicollinearity and measurement problems. With the exception of the fertilizer variable, the estimated coeficients are of comparable magnitudes to those obtained in agricultural metaproduction function studies in other countries and groups of countries. The results of this study suggest that differences in investments in rural education and in agricultural research and extesion can account for as much of observed interstate in agricultural output as differences in quantities of land and labor. Moreover, relative quantities of the traditional inputs, land and labor, imply that the Northeast of Brazil should have a higher labor productivity than the south -- contrary to what is observed. Relative differences in the quantities of education and scientific manpower tend to account for the reversal in relative position. This finding is significant since increased labor productivity tends to be a necessary condition for increased per capita income. The education and research and extesion variables act as shifters of the metaproduction function. Therefore, investiments in these activities also shift the supply curve downwards. Assuming a negatively sloped demand curve this would tend to lower food prices, benefitting the lower income classes who spend more of their incomes on food than the upper income groups. The effect on total agricultural income depends upon the price elasticity of demand. The marginal value products of all factors were clculated at 1970 input levels. The marginal value product of labor was uniformly hegher in the south and lower in the Northeast. Therefore, migration of labor from the Northeast to the South such as has been occurring, should tend to increase national agricultural output. The opposite ranking was observed in the case of the marginal value products of tractors, suggesting that the greatest output effect of a marginal increase in tractor mechanization would occur in the Northeast.However, the associated employment effects should not be overlooked. Marginal internal rates of return to investments in rural education and in agricultural research and extesion were calculated. At the geometric mean of the 18 states studied, the calculated rates were 25 percent and 31 percent, respectively. Investments in these two activites appear to have a very high payoff in Brazil. Therefore, such investments should recive consideration relative to alternative development projects by government decision-markers. A rather crude sources of growth analysis suggested that a rapid rate of growth in Brazilian agricultural output cannot be sustained through increasing the rate at wich traditional inputs are absorbed into production. Future growth must, therefore, be based increasingly upon nontraditional inputs such as rural education and agricultural research and extesion.
Download or read book Brazilian Agricultural Sector written by Luiz Ivan Castelar and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brazilian Crops in the Global Market written by Herbert S. Klein and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-17 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively examines the development of Brazilian agriculture by focusing on the crops which evolved from national products to international commodities on a massive scale. It traces the transformation of Brazil from a country with low-yield levels in 1950 to its current position as a leading world producer. The first section of the book examines the modernization of Brazilian agriculture through a government programme which transformed traditional agriculture through subsidized credit, guaranteed prices, stock purchases, land utilization laws, modern research, new technology and major support for exports. It also explores the changing structures of agricultural production and farm ownership over time, analysing national censuses from 1920 to 2017 to illustrate the increasing efficiency of Brazil’s agricultural workers. The book then discusses the history and evolution of the major Brazilian crops in detail, starting with the newer export crops such as soybeans, maize and cotton, before focusing on the traditional sugar and coffee industries. The final section of the book examines two other major areas of agroindustry: forestry and the evolution of the pastoral industries, as well as the growth of a meat exporting sector. The authors also explore questions of sustainability in the context of today’s climate challenges, and the role of Brazilian agriculture in the world market going forward. This wide-ranging study will be of interest to a range of academics, including those working in agricultural economics, economic history, the history of Latin America and the history of agriculture more broadly.