Download or read book Productivity Gains and Spillovers from Offshoring written by Bernhard Michel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Productivity Gains from Offshore Outsourcing written by Junli Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the Cobb-Douglas production function and vertical specialization share, the present paper measures the productivity spillover effects of offshore outsourcing in the Chinese manufacturing industry. We examine different production factors and the degree of openness by dividing the Chinese manufacturing industry into five major categories: capital-intensive business, technological-intensive business, labor-intensive business, open business and non-open business. The results show that offshore outsourcing is positively associated with productivity in the Chinese manufacturing industry as a whole, but less so in labor-intensive industries and more in capital-intensive industries. Moreover, the positive impact of outsourcing on productivity is slightly higher in open industries than in non-open industries. These results shed light on the differential spillover effects of offshore outsourcing on productivity. Our findings suggest that outsourcing structure is important to China's long-run competitive advantage. China's policy-makers should encourage further offshore capital-intensive and technology-intensive activities and focus more on outward-oriented offshore businesses.

Download or read book Determinants and Productivity Effects of Service Offshoring written by and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2020-10-05 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2020 in the subject Economics - Other, grade: 1,0, University of Hagen (Wirtschaftswissenschaft), language: English, abstract: Economic theory suggests that offshoring creates productivity-enhancing effects but literature in this area has been rather limited for service offshoring until recently. Thus, the contribution at hand tries to provide an overview of why firms engage in service offshoring and examine how service offshoring affects productivity. The work is structured as follows: Section 2 first provides a definition of the related terms and narrows down the topic of the paper. Section 3 briefly discusses service offshoring as a new paradigm of trade in the US. It also addresses the types of offshored service jobs, the offshore locations as well as the current volume of service offshoring. Section 4 discusses the various determinants that facilitate service offshoring. Section 5 contains the core analysis of this paper with the goal of analyzing the productivity effects of service offshoring theoretically and empirically. First, a Heckscher-Ohlin model by Feenstra and Hanson (1996, 1997, 1999) will be introduced as one of the earliest models addressing offshoring and productivity. Then the "trade in tasks" model by Grossman and Rossi-Hansberg (2008) is presented to illustrate how service offshoring affects productivity. On an empirical level, the studies from Amiti and Wei (2009) and Schwörer (2013) will be discussed to address how service offshoring affects productivity specifically in the US and Europe. This will be followed by a comparison of the two empirical studies. Section 6 summarizes the work and adds some final remarks.

Download or read book OffShoring Bias in U S Manufacturing Implications for Productivity and Value Added written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Gains from Offshoring written by Ryan Monarch and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Offshoring Outsourcing and Production Fragmentation written by Mariusz-Jan Radło and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-29 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Radlo increases understanding of offshoring, outsourcing and international production fragmentation, and explains the impact of this phenomenon on the economies and enterprises. Key features include a comprehensive theoretical explanation of offshoring and outsourcing at both macroeconomic and microeconomic level, as well as an explanation of practical consequences of the mentioned phenomenon for the development of the global economy, national economies, concrete industries and enterprises. Unlike other publications, which are often characterized by narrow management or a macroeconomic approach to the analysis of offshoring and outsourcing, Radlo's text offers real insight into the global impact of production fragmentation.

Download or read book Offshoring of Services written by Sigurd R. Nilsen and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2006-04 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much attention has focused on the offshoringÓ of services to lower-wage locations abroad. Offshoring generally refers to an org. purchase of goods or services from abroad that were previously produced domestically. Extensive public debate has arisen about both the potential benefits of services offshoring, such as lower consumer prices & higher U.S. productivity, as well as the potential costs, such as increased job displacement for selected U.S. workers. This report: provides an overview of experts' views on the potential impacts of services offshoring; describes the types of policies that have been proposed in response to offshoring; & highlights some key areas where add'l. research might help advance the debate about offshoring. Illus.

Download or read book Offshoring Domestic Outsourcing and Productivity written by Tillmann Schwörer and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Offshoring Bias in U S Manufacturing written by Susan N. Houseman and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid growth of offshoring has sparked a contentious debate over its impact on the U.S. manufacturing sector, which has recorded steep employment declines yet strong output growth -- a fact reconciled by the notable gains in manufacturing productivity. We maintain, however, that the dramatic acceleration of imports from developing countries has imparted a significant bias to the official statistics. In particular, the price declines associated with the shift to low-cost foreign suppliers are generally not captured in input cost and import price indexes. Although cost savings are a primary driver of the shift in sourcing to foreign suppliers, the price declines associated with offshoring are not systematically observed; this is the essence of the measurement problem. To gauge the magnitude of these discounts, we draw on a variety of evidence from import price microdata from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, industry case studies, and the business press. To assess the implications of offshoring bias for manufacturing productivity and value added, we implement the bias correction developed by Diewert and Nakamura (2009) to the input price index in a growth accounting framework, using a variety of assumptions about the magnitude of the discounts from offshoring. We find that from 1997 to 2007 average annual multifactor productivity growth in manufacturing was overstated by 0.1 to 0.2 percentage point and real value added growth by 0.2 to 0.5 percentage point. Furthermore, although the bias from offshoring represents a relatively small share of real value added growth in the computer and electronic products industry, it may have accounted for a fifth to a half of the growth in real value added in the rest of manufacturing.

Download or read book Essays on International Trade and Factor Movements written by Greg C. Wright and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The following collection of papers explores the increasing global mobility of production factors, with a particular focus on the impact of this mobility on U.S. workers. Each of the papers exploits detailed information on the types of production activities that U.S. workers engage in and investigates the relative vulnerability of workers to global forces due to the features of these activities. The first paper explores the impact of offshoring on U.S. workers. It is motivated by the fact that the potential for significant and ever-increasing productivity gains due to the offshoring of production tasks has recently been noted in the theoretical trade literature. In order to estimate the impact of offshoring on U.S. employment while accounting for these potential gains, the paper first extends the model of tasks offshoring introduced in Grossman and Rossi-Hansberg (2008) to a continuum of sectors with sector-level heterogeneity in the intensity of use of offshorable tasks. The model demonstrates that the effect of offshoring depends on the intensity of use of these tasks and, ultimately, impacts domestic employment through three channels: a direct employment effect, which negatively impacts employment; an output effect generated by the productivity gain from offshoring, which reorganizes and increases aggregate production in the economy and impacts domestic employment positively; and a substitution effect among factors and tasks, which has an ambiguous effect. In addition, the model predicts that the output effect may be increasing in the extent of previous offshoring under given conditions suggesting that, if these conditions hold, offshoring may be employment-enhancing in the long run. Using the model's structure as a roadmap and applying it to U.S. manufacturing sector data over 1997-2007, results from GMM 3SLS regressions provide overall support for the structure and predictions of the tasks model of offshoring. The second paper, joint with Giovanni Peri and Gianmarco Ottaviano, asks: how many "American jobs" have U.S.-born workers lost due to immigration and offshoring? Or, alternatively, is it possible that immigration and offshoring, by promoting cost-savings and enhanced efficiency in firms, have spurred the creation of jobs for U.S. natives? Again we consider a multi-sector version of the Grossman and Rossi-Hansberg (2008) model and we augment it to include immigrants with heterogeneous productivity in tasks. The model predicts that while cheaper offshoring reduces the share of natives among less skilled workers, cheaper immigration does not, but rather reduces the share of offshored jobs instead. Moreover, since both phenomena have a positive "cost-savings" effect they may leave unaffected, or even increase, total native employment of less skilled workers. Our model also predicts that offshoring will push natives toward jobs that are more intensive in communication-interactive skills and away from those that are manual and routine intensive. We test the predictions of the model and find evidence in favor of a positive productivity effect such that immigration has a positive net effect on native employment while offshoring has no effect on it. We also find some evidence that offshoring has pushed natives toward more communication-intensive tasks while it has pushed immigrants away from them. Lastly, the third paper explores the impact of domestic outsourcing in generating geographic concentration of production activities. This is motivated, first, by the fact that improvements in information and communications technologies increasingly facilitate the outsourcing of tasks by firms. Since the firm's choice of suppliers will depend on cost considerations, any task-specific productivity advantage in a location may lead to agglomeration, as firms choose to outsource their performance of that task to the most efficient workers. The paper focuses specifically on labor market spillovers as one such productivity advantage, and assesses empirically the importance of the search for spillovers in the outsourcing decisions of firms. The empirics are motivated via a probabilistic model of the firm's task location decision and are implemented with data on workers, tasks and domestic outsourcing by U.S. firms. The results suggest that increased outsourcing is associated with agglomeration, particularly of the most routine production tasks as well as those requiring minimal human interaction.

Download or read book The Factory free Economy written by Lionel Fontagné and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An economic analysis of de-industrialization that considers the ongoing transformation of the industrial economies and the consequences for economic policy.

Download or read book Service Offshoring Productivity and Employment written by Mary Amiti and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2005-12-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper estimates the effects of offshoring on productivity in U.S. manufacturing industries between 1992 and 2000, using instrumental variables estimation to address the potential endogeneity of offshoring. It finds that service offshoring has a significant positive effect on productivity in the US, accounting for around 11 percent of productivity growth during this period. Offshoring material inputs also has a positive effect on productivity, but the magnitude is smaller accounting for approximately 5 percent of productivity growth. There is a small negative effect of less than half a percent on employment when industries are finely disaggregated (450 manufacturing industries). However, this affect disappears at more aggregate industry level of 96 industries indicating that there is sufficient growth in demand in other industries within these broadly defined classifications to offset any negative effects.

Download or read book Productivity Gains from Offshoring written by Frank A. G. den Butter and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Gains from Offshoring Evidence from New U S Microdata written by Ryan Monarch and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We construct a new linked data set with over one thousand off shoring events by matching Trade Adjustment Assistance program petition data to micro-data from the U.S. Census Bureau. We exploit this data to assess how offshoring impacts domestic firm-level aggregate employment, output, wages and productivity. A class of models predicts that more productive firms engage in offshoring, and that this leads to gains in output and (measured) productivity, and potential gains in employment and wages, in the remaining domestic activities of the offshoring firm. Consistent with these models, we find that offshoring firms are on average larger and more productive compared to non-offshorers. However, we fi nd that offshorers suffer from a large decline in employment (32 percent) and output (28 percent) relative to their peers even in the long run. Further, we find no significant change in average wages or in total factor productivity measures at affected firms. We find these results robust to a variety of checks. Thus we find no evidence for positive spillovers to the remaining domestic activity of firms in this large sample of offshoring events.

Download or read book Productivity Gains from Offshoring written by Frank A. G. den Butter and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Paintings Drawings Bronzes and Prints written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Service Offshoring and Productivity written by Mary Amiti and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The practice of sourcing service inputs from overseas suppliers has been growing in response to new technologies that have made it possible to trade in some business and computing services that were previously considered non-tradable. This paper estimates the effects of offshoring on productivity in US manufacturing industries between 1992 and 2000. It finds that service offshoring has a significant positive effect on productivity in the US, accounting for around 10 percent of labor productivity growth during this period. Offshoring material inputs also has a positive effect on productivity, but the magnitude is smaller accounting for approximately 5 percent of productivity growth