Download or read book Production of Poly adenosine Diphosphate ribose Polymerase 1 written by Matthew Knight and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Poly ADP Ribosyl ation written by Alexander Bürkle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference on this post-translational modification of proteins, which is intimately linked with DNA repair, maintenance of genomic stability, transcriptional regulation, cell death and a variety of other cellular phenomena as well as with a variety of pathophysiological conditions, including ischemia-reperfusion damage, Parkinson’s disease, Type I diabetes mellitus, hemorrhagic and septic shock and other inflammatory conditions. Richly illustrated, it offers 19 chapters written by international experts.

Download or read book Poly ADP Ribose Polymerase written by Alexei V. Tulin and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents multiple new and classical methods for studying the vital poly-ADP-ribose (pADPr) pathway. Beginning with techniques for the detection and quantification of the product of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) enzymatic activity and detection of variation in pADPr production during the cell cycle, the volume continues with sections on the identification of pADPr protein acceptors, methods focusing on studying molecular mechanisms of PARP functions in eukaryotic cells, particularly those involved in control of DNA repair and oxidative stress, as well as in expression regulation, approaches to the in vitro reconstitution of PARP-1 interaction with chromatin, the development and testing of small molecule PARP inhibitors, and the functions of understudied members of PARP family. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves as an ideal companion to the first edition for scientists whose investigations involve this important pathway. The chapter 'Identifying and Validating Tankyrase Binders and Substrates: A Candidate Approach' is published open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.

Download or read book Proteomics of Poly ADP ribose Polymerases During DNA Replication and Repair written by Maria Tedim Ferreira and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2017, Statistics Canada reported that one out of four Canadians will die of cancer. Every day, we face environmental factors that burden our DNA with genotoxic stress. This stress can lead to severe types of DNA damage that can threaten our genomic integrity, namely double-strand breaks (DSBs). Fortunately, our cells have evolved with different repair mechanisms to deal with such lesions. There are two primary types of repair against DSBs: Homologous Recombination (HR) and Classical Non-Homologous End-Joining (CNHEJ). The HR pathway is an error-free repair mechanism used in the S-phase of the cell cycle to ensure faithful repair of the damaged area and thus preserve our genetic information. Individuals that bear mutations in proteins involved in this pathway, such as BRCA1 and BCRA2, have been associated with the development of breast and ovarian cancers. Almost 4 years ago, the field went through a major breakthrough in ovarian cancer care. A new class of drugs was accepted by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to manage recurrent ovarian cancers that display HR-deficiencies. These drugs consist of inhibitor molecules against one of the earliest sensors of DNA damage in the cell: PARP-1 (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1). Upon DNA damage induction, PARP-1 becomes highly activated, leading to the massive production of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymers, from the hydrolysis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, which in turn modify several proteins posttranslationally and act as a scaffold to recruit DNA repair factors to the repair site. The successful application of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) arose from the observations that mutations or silencing of BRCA1/2, resulted in diminished HR activity. In the context of HR deficiency, the concomitant inhibition of PARP resulted in cell-death, an effect called synthetic lethality. Three PARPi are currently accepted by the FDA and are being clinically used for the treatment of gynaecological cancers. Notwithstanding the great promise of these inhibitors for other types of cancers, the mechanism by which these are inducing cancer lethality is not fully understood. Thus, it becomes of extreme importance to further decipher its mechanistic ways, to achieve full potential of PARPi in the clinic. To achieve this, fundamental research on the functions of PARPs and their protein partners in the DNA damage response is indispensable and constitutes the general aim of this thesis. During my doctoral work, we investigated the influence of PARP-1 during the HR pathway, primarily during the initial step of resection, which is essential for the removal of damaged DNA. Early reports of PARP-1 involvement in resection described the recruitment of the resection protein MRE11 to sites of damage in a PARP-1 dependent manner. Here, we demonstrate that PARP-1 has a novel function in DSB resection and we propose a new model for the synthetic lethality observed in HR-deficient tumors. To further complement the general aim of this doctorate, we investigated the regulatory roles of PARP-1 during the HR pathway, however in a later stage of HR resolution, at the peak formation of RAD51 foci, which is a crucial step for the efficient repair of DSBs through HR. We observed that the PAR-interactome (PARylome) at this stage was abundantly enriched with RNA-processing factors. Several of the most abundant proteins consisted of DNA and RNA helicases, as well as transcription factors, some of which were found to be mutated in tumors, and thus can be seen as potentially druggable targets to be used in combination with PARPi. We also extended our PARylome study to the chromatin proteome and investigated the histone PARylome upon DNA damage. Interestingly, we found that histone tails are not the only targets of PARP-1 and that globular domains are also targets of PARylation. Lastly, the high clinical interest of PARP-1 warrants studies addressing PARP-1 organ distribution. Thus, I finalized my studies by extensively describing and reporting PARP-1 tissular and cellular distribution and abundance in monkey organs, with the main objective of providing valuable information to any study assessing PARP inhibition efficacy and resistance in any given tissue and related diseases. In summary, this thesis provides important new information on the mechanisms PARP-1 is regulating during the response to DSBs, including the networks PARP-1 is orchestrating to potentially help reshape the cell environment, to efficiently repair the most lethal lesion our genome faces.

Download or read book ADP Ribosylation Reactions written by R. Alvarez-Gonzalez and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999-05-31 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry contains twenty-two selected research papers and reviews from a total of one hundred and ten presentations given at the 12th International Symposium on ADP-ribosylation Reactions: From Bacterial Pathogenesis to Cancer, held in Cancun, Mexico, May 10-14, 1997. The Symposium was hosted by the Sociedad Mexicana de Bioquimica and was sponsored by the University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA. This volume provides a state-of-the-art source of information for basic scientists and clinicians who are interested in the molecular, biochemical, and cellular aspects of protein-(ADP-ribose) transfer reactions in human health and disease.

Download or read book Elsevier s Integrated Review Biochemistry written by John W. Pelley, PhD and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011-11-30 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effectively merge basic science and clinical skills with Elsevier's Integrated Review Biochemistry, by John W. Pelley, PhD. This concise, high-yield title in the popular Integrated Review Series focuses on the core knowledge in biochemistry while linking that information to related concepts from other basic science disciplines. Case-based questions at the end of each chapter enable you to gauge your mastery of the material, and a color-coded format allows you to quickly find the specific guidance you need. Online access via www.studentconsult.com - included with your purchase - allows you to conveniently access the book's complete text and illustrations online as well as relevant content from other Student Consult titles. This concise and user-friendly reference provides crucial guidance for the early years of medical training and USMLE preparation. Spend more time reviewing and less time searching thanks to an extremely focused, "high-yield" presentation. Gauge your mastery of the material and build confidence with both case-based, andUSMLE-style questions that provide effective chapter review and quick practice for your exams. Access the full contents online at www.studentconsult.com where you'll find the complete text and illustrations, "Integration Links" to bonus content in other Student Consult titles, an interactive community center with a wealth of additional resources, and much more! Grasp and retain vital concepts more easily thanks to a color-coded format, succinct,text, key concept boxes, and dynamic illustrations that facilitate learning in a highly visual approach. Effectively review for problem-based courses with the help of text boxes that help you clearly see the clinical relevance of the material. Great for visual learners!

Download or read book Pharmacoepigenetics written by Ramón Cacabelos and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pharmacoepigenetics provides a comprehensive volume on the role of epigenetics and epigenomics in drug discovery and development, providing a detailed, but accessible, view of the field, from basic principles, to applications in disease therapeutics. Leading international researchers from across academia, clinical settings and the pharmaceutical industry discuss the influence of epigenetics and epigenomics in human pathology, epigenetic biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, and treatment, current epigenetic drugs, and the application of epigenetic procedures in drug development. Throughout the book, chapter authors offer a balanced and objective discussion of the future of pharmacoepigenetics and its crucial contribution to the growth of precision and personalized medicine. - Fully examines the influence of epigenetics and epigenomics in human pathology, epigenetic biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, treatment, current epigenetic drugs and the application of epigenetic procedures in drug development - Features chapter contributions from leading international researchers in academia, clinical settings and the pharmaceutical industry - Instructs researchers, students and clinicians on how to better interpret and employ pharmacoepigenetics in drug development, efficiency and safety - Provides a balanced and objective discussion of the future of pharmacoepigenetics and its crucial role in precision medicine

Download or read book Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-03-23 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.

Download or read book Advances in Nutrition and Cancer 2 written by Vincenzo Zappia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes contributions presented at the Second International Sym posium on Nutrition and Cancer, held in Naples, Italy, in October 1998 at the National Tumor Institute "Fondazione Pascale." During the Conference, experts from different disciplines discussed pivotal and timely subjects on the interactions between human nutrition and the development of malignancies. Comparing the themes of this Meeting with those discussed at the First Sympo sium in 1992, the major scientific advancements certainly derive from the extensive use of molecular approaches to perform research in nutrition. Moreover, the fundamental observation of R. Doll and R. Peto (1981), which suggested that at least 35% of all cancers (with large differences among different tumors) might be prevented by dietary regimens, has been definitively confirmed by epidemiological studies. On the other hand, the relationships between diet and cancer are quite intricate and complex; it is difficult, and at the same time not methodologically correct, to reduce them to simple terms. Metabolic and hormonal factors, contaminants and biological agents, and deficiency of specific protective nutrients are all pieces of the same puzzle.

Download or read book Applied Plant Genomics and Biotechnology written by Palmiro Poltronieri and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied plant genomics and biotechnology reviews the recent advancements in the post-genomic era, discussing how different varieties respond to abiotic and biotic stresses, investigating epigenetic modifications and epigenetic memory through analysis of DNA methylation states, applicative uses of RNA silencing and RNA interference in plant physiology and in experimental transgenics, and plants modified to produce high-value pharmaceutical proteins. The book provides an overview of research advances in application of RNA silencing and RNA interference, through Virus-based transient gene expression systems, Virus induced gene complementation (VIGC), Virus induced gene silencing (Sir VIGS, Mr VIGS) Virus-based microRNA silencing (VbMS) and Virus-based RNA mobility assays (VRMA); RNA based vaccines and expression of virus proteins or RNA, and virus-like particles in plants, the potential of virus vaccines and therapeutics, and exploring plants as factories for useful products and pharmaceuticals are topics wholly deepened. The book reviews and discuss Plant Functional Genomic studies discussing the technologies supporting the genetic improvement of plants and the production of plant varieties more resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Several important crops are analysed providing a glimpse on the most up-to-date methods and topics of investigation. The book presents a review on current state of GMO, the cisgenesis-derived plants and novel plant products devoid of transgene elements, discuss their regulation and the production of desired traits such as resistance to viruses and disease also in fruit trees and wood trees with long vegetative periods. Several chapters cover aspects of plant physiology related to plant improvement: cytokinin metabolism and hormone signaling pathways are discussed in barley; PARP-domain proteins involved in Stress-Induced Morphogenetic Response, regulation of NAD signaling and ROS dependent synthesis of anthocyanins. Apple allergen isoforms and the various content in different varieties are discussed and approaches to reduce their presence. Euphorbiaceae, castor bean, cassava and Jathropa are discussed at genomic structure, their diseases and viruses, and methods of transformation. Rice genomics and agricultural traits are discussed, and biotechnology for engineering and improve rice varieties. Mango topics are presented with an overview of molecular methods for variety differentiation, and aspects of fruit improvement by traditional and biotechnology methods. Oilseed rape is presented, discussing the genetic diversity, quality traits, genetic maps, genomic selection and comparative genomics for improvement of varieties. Tomato studies are presented, with an overview on the knowledge of the regulatory networks involved in flowering, methods applied to study the tomato genome-wide DNA methylation, its regulation by small RNAs, microRNA-dependent control of transcription factors expression, the development and ripening processes in tomato, genomic studies and fruit modelling to establish fleshy fruit traits of interest; the gene reprogramming during fruit ripening, and the ethylene dependent and independent DNA methylation changes. - provides an overview on the ongoing projects and activities in the field of applied biotechnology - includes examples of different crops and applications to be exploited - reviews and discusses Plant Functional Genomic studies and the future developments in the field - explores the new technologies supporting the genetic improvement of plants

Download or read book Molecular Nutrition written by Janos Zempleni and published by CABI. This book was released on 2003 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular nutrition (the study of interactions between nutrients and various intracellular and extracellular molecules) is one of the most rapidly developing fields in nutritional science. Ultimately, molecular nutrition research will reveal how nutrients may affect fundamental processes such as DNA repair, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. This book is the only single complete volume available reviewing the field of molecular nutrition. It contains contributions from leading international experts, and reviews the most important and latest research from various areas of molecular nutrition.

Download or read book Cell Death written by Csaba Szabo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-06-22 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), also termed poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase (PARS) is a nuclear enzyme with a wide range of functions, including regulation of DNA repair, cell differentiation, and gene expression. More than a decade after the identification of PARP-like enzymatic activities in mammalian cells, a novel role was proposed for this e

Download or read book The Role of Poly ADP ribose Polymerase 1 in the Celluar Response to Several Marine derived Compounds written by Brijesh B. Patel and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PARP-1 is a multi-functional protein that is involved in many DNA-dependent genomic processes under normal and pathophysiological conditions. It is well characterized as a DNA damage detector and responds by catalytic production and attachment of polymers of ADP-ribose (PAR) to nuclear protein targets, facilitating the chromatin changes that are a prerequisite to DNA repair. In this study, we tested whether PARP-1 is involved in the cellular response to Yondelis®, Zalypsis®, PSL1, and PSL2, novel chemotherapeutic agents with putative DNA damage- and transcription-targeted activities. We observed a dose-dependent activation of PARP-1 catalytic activity following treatment with all four compounds, while PARP-1 protein levels remained unchanged. Interestingly, cells derived from PARP-1 null mice were significantly sensitized to the agents, yet, with respect to Yondelis®, only moderate DNA damage was observed which was repaired with equal efficiency by both PARP-1 wildtype and PARP-1 null cells. While the mechanism of sensitization is unclear, it is of interest to determine whether inhibition of PARP in human cells could sensitize cells to the four agents. Initial in vivo experiments testing this prediction using MX-1 breast carcinoma xenografts treated with Yondelis® alone or in combination with the PARP-1 inhibitor DIQ, demonstrate an additive effect between these two compounds with regard to tumor volume inhibition and tumor growth delay. However, corresponding in vitro experiments failed to corroborate this observation. The effects of PARP-1 on the transcription of genes impacting drug sensitivity, as well as the cyto-protective role of PARP-1 independent of its catalytic function are of interest to direct future efforts to clarify the mechanism of PARP-1-mediated sensitivity to the four agents. Taken together, these data suggest that PARP-1 plays an important role in the protection of cells to Yondelis®, Zalypsis®, PSL1, and PSL2, and suggest that PARP-1 status may determine the sensitivity or resistance of cells treated with these agents.

Download or read book ADP Ribose Transferases Advances in Research and Application 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADP Ribose Transferases: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyBrief™ that delivers timely, authoritative, comprehensive, and specialized information about ADP Ribose Transferases in a concise format. The editors have built ADP Ribose Transferases: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about ADP Ribose Transferases in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of ADP Ribose Transferases: Advances in Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Download or read book Introduction to Cancer Metastasis written by Aamir Ahmad and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Cancer Metastasis provides, in one place, an overview of organ-specific cancer metastasis and the most common sites of cancer metastasis. Through specific chapters on individual primary cancers, their metastasis, and chapters on common metastatic sites, this volume comprehensively informs readers about the broader knowledge base in cancer metastasis. The process of metastasis is particularly responsible for making cancer so lethal. This volume explores both metastasis from sites of origin and common metastatic sites, thus increasing understanding of both perspectives. - Includes basic biology and translational approaches to organ-specific cancer sites - Provides readers with information on emerging therapeutic targets for cancer metastasis - Contains contributions from leading researchers around the globe

Download or read book Transcriptional Switches During Development written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume in the Current Topics in Developmental Biology series concentrates on transcriptional switches during development. It includes chapters on such topics as muscle diversity, transcriptional response to genome structural variation, and the temporal gene network in Drosophila neural stem cells. With an international team of authors, this volume is a must-have addition for researchers and students alike. - Concentrates on transcriptional switches during development - Includes chapters on such topics as muscle diversity, transcriptional response to genome structural variation, and the temporal gene network in Drosophila neural stem cells - With an international team of authors, this volume is a must-have addition for researchers and students alike

Download or read book DNA Repair in Cancer Therapy written by Mark R. Kelley and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-06-07 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DNA Repair and Cancer Therapy: Molecular Targets and Clinical Applications, Second Edition provides a comprehensive and timely reference that focuses on the translational and clinical use of DNA repair as a target area for the development of diagnostic biomarkers and the enhancement of cancer treatment. Experts on DNA repair proteins from all areas of cancer biology research take readers from bench research to new therapeutic approaches. This book provides a detailed discussion of combination therapies, in other words, how the inhibition of repair pathways can be coupled with chemotherapy, radiation, or DNA damaging drugs. Newer areas in this edition include the role of DNA repair in chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy, radiation DNA damage, Fanconi anemia cross-link repair, translesion DNA polymerases, BRCA1-BRCA2 pathway for HR and synthetic lethality, and mechanisms of resistance to clinical PARP inhibitors. - Provides a comprehensive overview of the basic and translational research in DNA repair as a cancer therapeutic target - Includes timely updates from the earlier edition, including Fanconi Anemia cross-link repair, translesion DNA polymerases, chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy, and many other new areas within DNA repair and cancer therapy - Saves academic, medical, and pharma researchers time by allowing them to quickly access the very latest details on DNA repair and cancer therapy - Assists researchers and research clinicians in understanding the importance of the breakthroughs that are contributing to advances in disease-specific research