Download or read book Product Quality Uncertainty written by Per Baltzer Overgaard and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Quality Uncertainty and Perception written by Lalit Wankhade and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been observed that the studies of quality are pursued in various disciplines like economics, quality management, and marketing science, and are seen isolated. The treatments imparted to these studies are also different and has the backdrop of discipline in which the work has been pursued. The nature of isolation is equally seen when quality uncertainty and perceived quality were pursued separately without showing any inkling that these can be complimentary. Economist and Nobel Laureate, Akerlof (1970), wrote a seminal piece “The market for lemons: quality uncertainty and market mechanism”, where he described quality uncertainty due to information asymmetry. It refers to the fact that a party in a transaction may have more information than the other. This is information asymmetry. If the seller has more information than the buyer about the product quality, he/she may sell it, as if it is a high-quality product. In reality, it could be a low-quality product. The buyer does not have the information regarding the quality of the offered product. The market condition that led to this transaction is quality uncertainty due to information asymmetry.

Download or read book Product Fit Uncertainty in Online Markets written by Yili Hong and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Product fit uncertainty (defined as the degree to which a consumer cannot assess whether a product's attributes match her preference) is proposed to be a major impediment to online markets with costly product returns and lack of consumer satisfaction. We conceptualize the nature of product fit uncertainty as an information problem and theorize its distinct effect on product returns and consumer satisfaction (versus product quality uncertainty), particularly for experience (versus search) goods without product familiarity. To reduce product fit uncertainty, we propose two Internet-enabled systems - website media (visualization systems) and online product forums (collaborative shopping systems) - that are hypothesized to attenuate the negative effect of product type (experience versus search goods) on product fit uncertainty. Hypotheses that link experience goods to product returns through the mediating role of product fit uncertainty are tested with analyses of a unique dataset composed of secondary data matched with primary direct data from numerous consumers who had recently participated in buy-it-now auctions. The results show the distinction between product fit uncertainty and quality uncertainty as two distinct dimensions of product uncertainty, and interestingly show that, relative to product quality uncertainty, product fit uncertainty has a significantly stronger effect on product returns. Notably, while product quality uncertainty is mainly driven by the experience attributes of a product, product fit uncertainty is mainly driven by both experience attributes and lack of product familiarity. The results also suggest that Internet-enabled systems are differentially used to reduce product (fit and quality) uncertainty. Notably, the use of online product forums is shown to moderate the effect of experience goods on product fit uncertainty, while website media are shown to attenuate the effect of experience goods on product quality uncertainty. The results are robust to econometric specifications and estimation methods. The paper concludes by stressing the importance of reducing the increasingly-prevalent information problem of product fit uncertainty in online markets with the aid of Internet-enabled systems.

Download or read book Consumer Uncertainty and Product Quality in Consumer Durables Markets written by Neil Allen Raymon and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 952 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Uncertainty and Quality in Science for Policy written by S.O. Funtowicz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains the notational system NUSAP (Numeral, Unit, Spread, Assessment, Pedigree) and applies it to several examples from the environmental sciences. The authors are now making further extensions of NUSAP, including an algorithm for the propagation of quality-grades through models used in risk and safety studies. They are also developing the concept of `Post-normal Science', in which quality assurance of information requires the participation of `extended peer-communities' lying outside the traditional expertise.

Download or read book Competitive Equilibrium with Quality Uncertainty written by Papusson Chaiwat and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The product quality plays important role in modeling competition. This paper explains the behaviors of both consumers and firms by using Monte Carlo simulation when they face quality uncertainty during the competition. Quality uncertainty will lead to market failure, which decreases consumer welfare and distorts profits among firms. Uninformed consumers that face difficulty to recognize quality of each product are easily deceived by firms. Because consumers use price as a signal of product quality, deceiving firms set the high price with low quality (pooling price strategy) to deceive uninformed consumers. Model of simulation shows the Nash equilibrium results for three cases. In the first cases when all consumers are informed, all firms will set reasonable price with their quality (separating price strategy). The utility is the highest. In the second cases when the market has a small fraction of uninformed consumers and low deceiving power of firm, at the Nash equilibrium the lowest quality producing firm will use the pooling price strategy. The consumer utility decreases when the uninformed fraction increases. In the last case with more uninformed consumers or high power of deceiving, at the Nash equilibrium firms that produce the highest quality and the lowest quality will use the separating price strategy whereas the firms that produce medium quality products will use the pooling price strategy. The medium quality firms have incentives to create the unclear quality to consumers by using the pooling price strategy to increase profits. The utility of consumers in last two cases are not maximized because some consumers suffer from consuming low-quality products with high-priced. Consumers will adjust their taste to eliminate quality uncertainty. When no ones will be deceived, welfare of buyers is high but there are still some losses from deceiving attempt. This utility level is lower than in the case when there is no quality uncertainty. Policymakers can solve this problem by giving information about quality to buyers before they make a decision. Government should set up the regulation for the producer to reveal quality of their product in comparison with others opponents or make the consumers guide book to explain the feature of products to consumers. These measures will help eliminate the quality uncertainty to uninformed consumers and raises social welfare of market.

Download or read book Product Quality Uncertainty written by Per Baltzer Overgaard and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Heterogeneous consumer preferences for product quality and uncertainty written by Wolfgang Maennig and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cellular Manufacturing written by John X. Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-01-14 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today's business world, competitiveness defines the industrial leading edge. Organizations and businesses of all sizes are adopting Lean manufacturing practices to increase efficiency and address worries about their bottom lines. In a detailed review of this staple of Lean manufacturing, Cellular Manufacturing: Mitigating Risk and Uncertainty ou

Download or read book Shared Quality Uncertainty and the Introduction of Indeterminate Goods written by Sylvie Lupton and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new category of goods, `indeterminate goods`, which will be compared with the classical framework of experience, search and credence goods (Nelson, 1970; Darby and Karni, 1973). This concept sheds new light on the nature and status of quality uncertainty through the following hypothesis: uncertainty about the product`s quality can be shared by all agents of the market, and this uncertainty can be non-neutral and disrupt the market. We identify three types of shared uncertainty about the product`s characteristics and the corresponding problems that can arise: shared uncertainty due to the emergence of a product (Hirschman, 1974), shared uncertainty concerning the past of a product (basing ourselves on the art market), and finally shared uncertainty regarding the future impacts of a product, through empirical data on product safety.

Download or read book The Cost of Quality Uncertainty written by Johannes Samwer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper relates price with quality uncertainty, proving its persistence in the market for used cars in Germany. Based on 1,712 online car offers, grouped in four different segments, we test three hypotheses regarding the cost of quality uncertainty. A significant price difference between private and professional sellers is statistically confirmed. This price difference remains statistically significant even if private sellers prices are adjusted in terms of assuring the same quality as professional sellers. The impact of quality signals is thereby found to be positive, but insufficient to counter quality uncertainty. The evidence suggests that quantifying the cost of quality uncertainty depends largely, but not solely, on the price of the good. Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2006 im Fachbereich Wirtschaft - Unternehmensgründung, Start-ups, Businesspläne, Note: 1,7, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster (Unternehmensgründung und -entwicklung).

Download or read book Building Models for Marketing Decisions written by P. S. H. Leeflang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-02-29 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With advances in information technology and expertise in modeling, IRI introduced model-based services in the US that explain and predict essential parts of the marketplace. ACNielsen followed, and marketing researchers have been developing increasingly valid, useful and relevant models of marketplace behavior ever since. Models that provide information about the sensitivity of market behavior to marketing activities such as advertising, pricing, promotions and distribution are now routinely used by managers for the identification of changes in marketing programs that can improve brand performances. Building Models for Marketing Decisions, Second Edition describes up-dated marketing models that managers can use as an aid in decision making.

Download or read book The Cost of Quality Uncertainty written by Johannes Samwer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2010-02-17 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diploma Thesis from the year 2006 in the subject Business economics - Company formation, Business Plans, grade: 1,7, University of Münster (Unternehmensgründung und -entwicklung), language: English, abstract: This paper relates price with quality uncertainty, proving its persistence in the market for used cars in Germany. Based on 1,712 online car offers, grouped in four different segments, we test three hypotheses regarding the cost of quality uncertainty. A significant price difference between private and professional sellers is statistically confirmed. This price difference remains statistically significant even if private sellers’ prices are adjusted in terms of assuring the same quality as professional sellers. The impact of quality signals is thereby found to be positive, but insufficient to counter quality uncertainty. The evidence suggests that quantifying the cost of quality uncertainty depends largely, but not solely, on the price of the good.

Download or read book Quality Uncertainty Mitigates Product Differentiation written by Helmut Bester and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I present the idea that imperfect information about the (vertical) quality characteristics of goods reduces the sellers' incentives for horizontal product differentiation. As a result, the equilibrium outcome may be characterized by "minimum differentiation." In a spatial framework this implies that firms tend to choose head-on competition by agglomerating at the same location. It may happen that consumers benefit from imperfect information about product quality.

Download or read book Uncertainty Advantage written by Gary S. Lynch and published by Archway Publishing. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk and uncertainty may sound scary, but todays best business leaders are navigating both to gain strategic advantage over competitorsand you can, too. This guide for business leaders examines risk and opportunity through the lens of some of the worlds most respected visionaries, including Howard Schultz, Andy Grove, Peter Huntsman, John Krafcik, Peter Leibinger, Doug Hepper, and many more. These visionaries looked beyond financial performance to see opportunitiesand they did so by understanding uncertainty. Then, they decisively acted to create measurable results that coincided with the future they envisioned. Find out how they did it, and learn how to: identify, define, and convert uncertainty into value; become more opportunistic when facing uncertainty; develop the skill to spot where advantages are likely to emerge; and create an environment where managers and leaders complement each other. Filled with case studies on companies such as Hyundai, Starbucks, Roche, and Intel, this guide delivers proven ways to create value and leverage uncertainty. It is the culmination of a decade of research and interaction with dozens of companies and growth leaders who prove that pursuing a market driven strategy to navigating uncertainty will gain measurable market advantage.

Download or read book Constructing Quality written by Jens Beckert and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-06-13 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can we engage in a market relationship when the quality of the goods we want to acquire is unknown, invisible, or uncertain? For market exchange to be possible, purchasers and suppliers of goods must be able to assess the quality of a product in relation to other products. Only by recognizing qualities and perceiving quality differences can purchasers make non-random choices, and price differences between goods be justified. "Quality" is not a natural given, but the outcome of a social process in which products become seen as possessing certain traits, and occupying a specific position in relation to other products in the product space. While we normally take the quality of goods for granted, quality at a closer look is the outcome of a highly complex process of construction involving producers, consumers, and market intermediaries engaged in judgment, evaluation, categorization, and measurement. The authors in this volume investigate the processes through which the quality of goods is established. They also investigate how product qualities are contested and how they change over time. The empirical cases discussed cover a broad range of markets in which quality is especially difficult to assess. The cases include: halal food, funeral markets, wine, labor, school choice, financial products, antiques, and counterfeit goods. The book contributes to the sociology of markets. At the same time it connects to the larger issue of the constitution of social order through cognitive processes of classification.

Download or read book Switching Costs and Quality Uncertainty written by Ambar Narayan and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: