Download or read book Processing and Imaging of Reflection Seismic Data from Crystalline Rock Terranes written by Ji Soo Kim and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Processing Shallow High resolution Seismic Reflection Data in a Crystalline Rock Environment written by Stanley Jude Radzevicius and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Reflection Imaging in Crystalline Terrains written by Mladen R. Nedimovic and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismic refection surveying is a well proven geophysical method for delineating in detail the deep structure of sedimentary basins. Recently, it has also been applied in igneous and metamorphic (crystalline) rock environments. For cost and access reasons most of the data collected in crystalline terrains has been acquired by 2D crooked line profiling. But where the survey geometry is significantly irregular and the geologic structures have cross-profile dip, standard 2D imaging procedures severely underperform. My research has focused on finding remedies for the above problems by exploring and developing processing methods which usefully exploit the 3D character of crooked line data, or by finding methods of imaging that are more tolerant to the errors. To these ends I have designed the following data manipulation processes: (1) '3D prestack migration of 2D crooked lane data'. Despite obvious data limitations, bands of reflectivity recorded in crooked line data are preserved and positioned to their true subsurface locations. (2) ' Optimum cross dip analysis'/'stack'. This algorithm first analyzes cross-profile dip of the imaged reflectors and then collapses recorded bands of reflectivity into single events. (3) 'Amplitude stack'. This is a simple procedure used as a measure of last resort when 1 and 2 fail to yield 3D structural information. From tests on synthetic data and two field data sets from the Archean Superior Province, I have found that: (1) When 2D crooked line geometry forms a 3D swath of data wider than a significant fraction of the Fresnel Zone radius at the depth of interest. 3D prestack migration will focus events in space well enough for interpretation. The process is, however, computationally cumbersome; (2) Although the cross dip stack does not output a 3D volume like prestack migration, and it retains only the stronger of overlapping reflective responses, it does provide most of the same interpretative information; (3) Amplitude stacks are surprisingly effective in imaging general structural trends. In general, it is often possible to recover the 3D geometry of the structure imaged by a 2D crooked line survey.
Download or read book Hardrock Seismic Exploration written by David W. Eaton and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2003 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With case histories and chapters on principles of acquisition, processing, modelling, and interpretation, this book is invaluable for seismic exploration of hardrock terranes. Balancing tutorial, review, application, and future research directions, it is useful for researchers, geophysicists, geotechnical engineers, and seismic processors.
Download or read book Reflection Seismic Imaging of the Upper Crystalline Crust for Characterization of Potential Repository Sites written by Christopher Juhlin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Application of Seismic Interferometry to Imaging a Crystalline Rock Environment at an Active VMS Mine in Flin Flon Manitoba Canada written by Eric Alexander Roots and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismic interferometry is a technique by which the Green's function or impulse response between two receivers is recovered through the cross-correlation of the transmission responses recorded by those receivers. This technique has found several applications, including the generation of virtual shot gathers from ambient seismic noise for use in seismic reflection processing. In March of 2013, 336 receivers were deployed over the volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit found at the Lalor mine in Manitoba, Canada. Approximately 300 hours of ambient seismic noise was recorded for the purpose of testing the effectiveness of seismic interferometry in imaging a crystalline rock environment. A time-domain beamforming algorithm was implemented to determine the locations of the sources present during recording. The results indicate that the vast majority of the recorded noise originated from mine and ventilation shafts located at the Lalor mine. Synthetic experiments were conducted to determine the effects such a source distribution would have on the application of seismic interferometry in the presence of dipping reflectors. The experiments show that if sources are located only on one side of a receiver line, the dip and lateral extents of reflectors will not be imaged properly. A technique involving beamforming and F-K filtering was developed to remove surface wave noise originating from near-field sources. Using this technique, the raw data was processed into virtual shot gathers free of surface wave noise. Virtual shot gathers were generated along 4 of the receiver lines and processed as separate 2-D reflection datasets. The resulting reflection profiles are compared against coincident DMO-stacked data from a larger 3-D active seismic survey conducted over the Lalor mine. Using this comparison in conjunction with knowledge of the local geology, events recovered in the passive reflection profiles are interpreted as either real reflections or spurious events, and possible explanations of their origin are given.
Download or read book 3 D Seismic Processing in Crystalline Rocks Using the Common Reflection Surface Stack written by Khawar Ashfaq Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Processing and Reflection Imaging of Crosshole Seismic Data written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aspects of Seismic Reflection Data Processing written by R. Marschall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Reflection Processing written by S.K. Upadhyay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismic Reflection Processing coherently presents the physical concepts, mathematical details and methodology for optimizing results of reservoir modelling, under conditions of isotropy and anisotropy. The most common form of anisotropy - transverse isotropy - is dealt with in detail. Besides, practical aspects in reservoir engineering - such as interval isotropic or anisotropic properties of layered media; identifying lithology, pore-fluid types and saturation; and determining crack/fracture-orientations and density - form the core of discussions. This book incorporates significant new developments in isotropic and anisotropic reflection processing, while organizing them to improve the interpretation of seismic reflection data and optimizing the modeling of hydrocarbon reservoirs. It is written primarily as a reference and tutorial for graduate/postgraduate students and research workers in geophysics.
Download or read book Processing Near surface Seismic reflection Data written by Gregory S. Baker and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 1999 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasingly shallow-reflection seismology is being used as a noninvasive tool to determine physical properties and geometry of the upper subsurface. This primer focuses on processing two small data sets (included on a CD) using standard common-midpoint (CMP) processing and discusses significant processing pitfalls encountered in previous work.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reflection Seismic Data Processing at DSIR Geology and Geophysics written by Jonathan M. Ravens and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Image Understanding in Geophysics written by C. Chiaruttini and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seismic Signatures and Analysis of Reflection Data in Anisotropic Media written by Ilya Tsvankin and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2012 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides essential background on anisotropic wave propagation, introduces efficient notation for transversely isotropic (TI) and orthorhombic media, and identifies the key anisotropy parameters for imaging and amplitude analysis. Particular attention is given to moveout analysis and P-wave time-domain processing for VTI and TTI.
Download or read book Phase space Imaging of Reflection Seismic Data written by Vladimir Bashkardin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern oil and gas exploration depends on a variety of geophysical prospect tools. One of them is reflection seismology that allows to obtain interwell information of sufficient resolution economically. This exploration method collects reflection seismic data on the surface of an area of prospect interest and then uses them to build seismic images of the subsurface. All imaging approaches can be divided into two groups: wave equation-based methods and integral schemes. Kirchhoff migration, which belongs to the second group, is an indispensable tool in seismic imaging due to its flexibility and relatively low computational cost. Unfortunately, the classic formulation of this method im- ages only a part of the surface data, if so-called multipathing is present in it. That phenomenon occurs in complex geologic settings, such as subsalt areas, when seismic waves travel between a subsurface point and a surface location through more than one path.The quality of imaging with Kirchhoff migration in complex geological areas can be improved if multiple paths of ray propagation are included in the integral. Multiple arrivals can be naturally incorporated into the imaging operator if it is expressed as an integral over subsurface take-off angles. In this form, the migration operator involves escape functions that connect subsurface locations with surface seismic data values through escape traveltime and escape positions. These escape quantities are functions of phase space coordinates that are simply related to the subsurface reflection system. The angle-domain integral operator produces output scattering- and dip-angle image gathers, which represent a convenient domain for subsurface analysis. Escape functions for angle-domain imaging can be simply computed with initial-value ray tracing, a Lagrangian computational technique. However, the computational cost of such a bottom-up approach can be prohibitive in practice. The goal of this work was to construct a computationally efficient phase space imaging framework. I designed several approaches to computing escape functions directly in phase space for mapping surface seismic reflection data to the subsurface angle domain. Escape equations have been introduced previously to describe distribution of escape functions in the phase space. Initially, I employed these equations as a basis for building an Eulerian numerical scheme using finite-difference method in the 2-D case. I show its accuracy constraints and suggest a modification of the algorithm to overcome them. Next, I formulate a semi-Lagrangian approach to computing escape functions in 3-D. The second method relies on the fundamental property of continuity of these functions in the phase space. I define locally constrained escape functions and show that a global escape solution can be reconstructed from local solutions iteratively. I validate the accuracy of the proposed methods by imaging synthetic seismic data in several complex 2-D and 3-D models. I draw conclusions about efficiency by comparing the compute time of the imaging tests with the compute time of a well-optimized conventional initial-value ray tracing.
Download or read book Seismic Reflection Imaging in Crystalline Terrains written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
