Download or read book Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Detection and Classification of Marine Mammals Using Passive Acoustics written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of 2022 International Conference on Autonomous Unmanned Systems ICAUS 2022 written by Wenxing Fu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-10 with total page 3985 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes original, peer-reviewed research papers from the ICAUS 2022, which offers a unique and interesting platform for scientists, engineers and practitioners throughout the world to present and share their most recent research and innovative ideas. The aim of the ICAUS 2022 is to stimulate researchers active in the areas pertinent to intelligent unmanned systems. The topics covered include but are not limited to Unmanned Aerial/Ground/Surface/Underwater Systems, Robotic, Autonomous Control/Navigation and Positioning/ Architecture, Energy and Task Planning and Effectiveness Evaluation Technologies, Artificial Intelligence Algorithm/Bionic Technology and Its Application in Unmanned Systems. The papers showcased here share the latest findings on Unmanned Systems, Robotics, Automation, Intelligent Systems, Control Systems, Integrated Networks, Modeling and Simulation. It makes the book a valuable asset for researchers, engineers, and university students alike.
Download or read book Exploring Animal Behavior Through Sound Volume 1 written by Christine Erbe and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-03 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open-access book empowers its readers to explore the acoustic world of animals. By listening to the sounds of nature, we can study animal behavior, distribution, and demographics; their habitat characteristics and needs; and the effects of noise. Sound recording is an efficient and affordable tool, independent of daylight and weather; and recorders may be left in place for many months at a time, continuously collecting data on animals and their environment. This book builds the skills and knowledge necessary to collect and interpret acoustic data from terrestrial and marine environments. Beginning with a history of sound recording, the chapters provide an overview of off-the-shelf recording equipment and analysis tools (including automated signal detectors and statistical methods); audiometric methods; acoustic terminology, quantities, and units; sound propagation in air and under water; soundscapes of terrestrial and marine habitats; animal acoustic and vibrational communication; echolocation; and the effects of noise. This book will be useful to students and researchers of animal ecology who wish to add acoustics to their toolbox, as well as to environmental managers in industry and government.
Download or read book Listening in the Ocean written by Whitlow W. L. Au and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-25 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title brings to light the discoveries and insights into the lives of many marine species made possible over the last decade by passive acoustic recorders (PAR). Pop-ups, ARF, HARP, EAR, Bprobe, C-POD Atag, and Dtag are the acronyms of some of the many PARs that have changed our understanding of how marine animals live and strive in the ocean. Various types of PARs are used by different investigators in different areas of the world. These recorders have accumulated copious amounts of very important data, unveiling previously unknown information about large marine animals. Temporal, seasonal and spatial distribution patterns have been uncovered for many marine species. There have been many discoveries, new understandings and insights into how these animals live in and utilize the ocean and the importance of acoustics in their lives. Listening Within the Ocean summarizes these important discoveries, providing both a valuable resource for researchers and enjoyable reading for non-professionals interested in marine life.
Download or read book Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook written by Victoria Todd and published by Pelagic Publishing Ltd. This book was released on 2015-03-18 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook is the ultimate instruction manual for mitigation measures to minimise man-made acoustical and physical disturbances to marine mammals from industrial and defence activities.
Download or read book Nature Inspired Computation and Machine Learning written by Alexander Gelbukh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-05 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume set LNAI 8856 and LNAI 8857 constitutes the proceedings of the 13th Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI 2014, held in Tuxtla, Mexico, in November 2014. The total of 87 papers plus 1 invited talk presented in these proceedings were carefully reviewed and selected from 348 submissions. The first volume deals with advances in human-inspired computing and its applications. It contains 44 papers structured into seven sections: natural language processing, natural language processing applications, opinion mining, sentiment analysis, and social network applications, computer vision, image processing, logic, reasoning, and multi-agent systems, and intelligent tutoring systems. The second volume deals with advances in nature-inspired computation and machine learning and contains also 44 papers structured into eight sections: genetic and evolutionary algorithms, neural networks, machine learning, machine learning applications to audio and text, data mining, fuzzy logic, robotics, planning, and scheduling, and biomedical applications.
Download or read book Passive Acoustic Monitoring of Cetaceans written by Walter M. X. Zimmer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-21 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passive acoustic monitoring is increasingly used by the scientific community to study, survey and census marine mammals, especially cetaceans, many of which are easier to hear than to see. PAM is also used to support efforts to mitigate potential negative effects of human activities such as ship traffic, military and civilian sonar and offshore exploration. Walter Zimmer provides an integrated approach to PAM, combining physical principles, discussion of technical tools and application-oriented concepts of operations. Additionally, relevant information and tools necessary to assess existing and future PAM systems are presented, with Matlab code used to generate figures and results so readers can reproduce data and modify code to analyse the impact of changes. This allows the principles to be studied whilst discovering potential difficulties and side effects. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, the book provides all information and tools necessary to gain a comprehensive understanding of this interdisciplinary subject.
Download or read book The Urban Whale written by Scott D. Kraus and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2007-02-15 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1980 a group of scientists censusing marine mammals in the Bay of Fundy was astonished by the sight of 25 right whales. Until that time, scientists believed the North Atlantic right whale was extinct or nearly so. The sightings electrified the research community, spurring a quarter century of exploration, which is documented here.
Download or read book Tracking Marine Mammals Using Passive Acoustics written by Eva-Marie Nosal and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Advances in Intelligent Computing written by Anshul Verma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-08-29 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers and scientists have invested a great deal of effort into developing computers and other devices to be more capable of doing a wider range of tasks. As a result, the potential of computers to do a wide range of tasks in different environments, at varying speeds, and in smaller forms is growing dramatically every day. Currently, there is a race to create robots or computers with human-level intelligence. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the ability of a machine or software to think like a human being. The study of the human brain, specifically how humans learn, make decisions, and react when trying to solve issues, is the basis of AI. The creation of intelligent software and systems, or intelligent computing (IC), is the outcome of AI studies. An IC system can perceive, reason, learn, and use language. In IC systems, AI and other cutting-edge techniques are employed to create system intelligence. IC has been applied to almost every area of computer science, including networking, software engineering, gaming, robotics, expert systems, natural language processing, computer vision, image processing, and data science. In modern times, IC is also employed to tackle a wide range of challenging issues in numerous disciplines, such as weather forecasting, agriculture science, medicine, and economics. This book offers the most recent advancements in both IC and AI for all these reasons.
Download or read book Marine Mammals and Noise written by W. John Richardson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many marine mammals communicate by emitting sounds that pass through water. Such sounds can be received across great distances and can influence the behavior of these undersea creatures. In the past few decades, the oceans have become increasingly noisy, as underwater sounds from propellers, sonars, and other human activities make it difficult for marine mammals to communicate. This book discusses, among many other topics, just how well marine mammals hear, how noisy the oceans have become, and what effects these new sounds have on marine mammals. The baseline of ambient noise, the sounds produced by machines and mammals, the sensitivity of marine mammal hearing, and the reactions of marine mammals are also examined. An essential addition to any marine biologist's library, Marine Mammals and Noise will be especially appealing to marine mammalogists, researchers, policy makers and regulators, and marine biologists and oceanographers using sound in their research.
Download or read book Advances in Ecoacoustics written by Almo Farina and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-09-02 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Future directions for acoustic marine mammal surveys stock assessment and habitat use report of a workshop held in La Jolla California 2022 November 2002 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of Automated Detection Techniques for Passive Acoustic Monitoring as a Tool for Studying Beaked Whale Distribution and Habitat Preferences in the California Current Ecosystem written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, passive acoustic survey methods have become increasingly important in marine mammal population and ecosystem studies. Passive acoustic monitoring has been progressively combined with traditional visual survey techniques during line transect surveys for marine mammals. The objectives of this research were to test available automated detection methods for passive acoustic monitoring and integrate the best available method into standard marine mammal monitoring protocols for ship based surveys. Specifically, there were three overarching goals: 1) develop, test, and compare algorithms for automated classification of beaked whale signals; 2) employ and test techniques for beaked whale detection at sea; and, 3) use information from automated beaked whale detections to create the first acoustic based habitat models for beaked whale species and compare these with visual-based models for the same region. The goal of the first chapter was to evaluate the performance and utility of PAMGUARD 1.0 Core software for use in automated detection of marine mammal acoustic signals during towed array surveys. Three different detector configurations of PAMGUARD were compared. These automated detection algorithms were evaluated by comparing them to the results of manual detections made by an experienced bio-acoustician (author TMY). This study provides the first detailed comparisons of PAMGUARD automated detection algorithms to manual detection methods. The results of these comparisons clearly illustrate the utility of automated detection methods for odontocete species. Results of this work showed that the majority of whistles and click events can be reliably detected using PAMGUARD software. The second chapter moves beyond automated detection to examine and test automated classification algorithms for beaked whale species. Beaked whales are notoriously elusive and difficult to study, especially using visual survey methods. However, due to recent advances in passive acoustic monitoring techniques, beaked whales are now more effectively detected acoustically than visually during vessel-based (e.g. line-transect) surveys. Beaked whales signals can be discriminated from those of other cetaceans by the unique characteristics of their echolocation clicks (e.g. duration>175 [lower case mu]s, center frequencies between 30-40 kHz, inter-click intervals between 0.2-0.4 sec and frequency upsweeps). Furthermore, these same characteristics make these signals ideal candidates for testing automated detection and classification algorithms. There are several different beaked whale automated detectors currently available for use. However, no comparative analysis of detectors exists. Therefore, comparison between studies and datasets is difficult. The purpose the second chapter was to test, validate, and compare algorithms for detection of beaked whales in acoustic line-transect survey data. Six different detection algorithms (XBAT, Ishmael, PAMGUARD, ERMA, GMM and FMCD) were evaluated and compared. Detection trials were run on three sample days of towed-hydrophone array recordings collected by NOAA Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC) during which were confirmed visual sightings of beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris and Mesoplodon peruvianus). Detections also were compared to human verified acoustic detections for a subset of these data. In order to measure the probabilities of false detection, each detector was also run on three sample recordings containing clicks from another species: Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus). Qualitative and quantitative comparisons and the detection performance of the different algorithms are discussed. Using data collected at sea from the PAMGUARD classifier developed in Chapter 2 it was possible to measure the clicks from visually verified Baird's beaked whale encounters and use this data to develop classifiers that could discriminate Baird's beaked whales from other beaked whale species in future work. Echolocation clicks from Baird's beaked whales, Berardius bairdii, were recorded during combined visual and acoustic shipboard surveys of cetacean populations in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE) and with autonomous, long-term recorders at four different sites in the Southern California Bight (SCB). The preliminary measurement of the visually validated Baird's beaked whale echolocation signals recorded from the ship-based towed array were used as a basis for identifying Baird's signals in the seafloor-mounted autonomous recorder data. Echolocation signals were segregated into four subsets based on a Gaussian Mixture Model with five mixtures over the peak frequency distribution to describe variability in the signal measurements. The median peak frequency for each of the four subsets measured from towed array and [long-term seafloor data] was at approximately 9 kHz [9 kHz], 19 kHz [16 kHz], 24 kHz [25 kHz], and 35 kHz [43 kHz]. Two distinct signal types were found, one being a beaked whale-like frequency modulated (FM) pulse, the other being a dolphin-like broadband click. Median center frequency ranged over all subsets and both recording situations from 17 to 36 kHz, -10 dB bandwidth from 6 to 13 kHz, and Teager-energy duration from 260 to 570 [lower case mu]s. The median inter-pulse interval was 0.23 seconds. The description of Baird's echolocation signals provided here will allow for studies of their distribution and abundance using towed array data without associated visual sightings and from autonomous seafloor hydrophones. The passive acoustic detection algorithms for beaked whales developed using data from Chapters 2 and 3 were field tested during a three year period to test the reliability of acoustic beaked whale monitoring techniques and to use these methods to describe beaked whale habitat in the SCB. In 2009 and 2010, PAM methods using towed hydrophone arrays were tested. These methods proved highly effective for real-time detection of beaked whales in the SCB and were subsequently implemented in 2011 to successfully detect and track beaked whales during the ongoing Southern California Behavioral Response Study (SOCAL-BRS). The three year field effort has resulted in (1) the successful classification and tracking of Cuvier's (Ziphius cavirostris), Baird's (Berardius bairdii) and unidentified Mesoplodon beaked whale species and (2) the identification of areas of previously unknown beaked whale habitat use. Thus, providing a better understanding of the relationship between beaked whale occurrence and preferred habitat on a relatively small spatial scale. These findings will provide information for more effective management and conservation of beaked whales. The final step in this research was to utilize the passive acoustic detection techniques developed herin to predictively model beaked whale habitat use and preferences in the CCE. To date beaked whale habitat models have been limited in utility due primarily to the small samples of visual observations available to inform the models. This chapter uses a multifaceted approach to model beaked whale encounter rates in the CCE. Beaked whale acoustic encounters are utilized to inform Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) of encounter rate for beaked whales in the CCE and compare these to visual based models. Acoustic and visual based models were independently developed for a small beaked whale group and Baird's beaked whales. Species distributions were modeled using a combination of fixed spatial features (depth, slope, aspect, and distance to the 2000m isobaths) and variable oceanographic variables (i.e., SST, SSS, logC, and MLD). Two models were evaluated for visual and acoustic encounters, one that also included Beaufort sea state as a predictor variable in addition to those listed and one that did not include Beaufort sea state. The visual and acoustic models differed markedly for both small beaked whales and Baird's beaked whale in the predictor variables retained in the best fit models and the regions of high encounter rate prediction. The visual models that included Beaufort sea state as a predictor variable retained this variable in the best fit resulting models. Acoustic models for the small beaked whales retained fixed spatial features of depth, slope, aspect and distance to the 2000 m isobaths as predictors in the best fit model, whereas only mixed layer depth was retained as a predictor in the best fit Baird's beaked whale acoustic model. The visual best fit model retained aspect and SST as predictor variables for small beaked whales and retained all predictor variables in the best fit Baird's beaked whale model. Differences in all models for Baird's beaked whale compared to the small beaked whales indicate that Baird's beaked whale habitat preferences may be distinctive from other beaked whale species. This work promotes current understanding of beaked whale distribution and habitat that can be used to inform beaked whale management and conservation efforts. This study has demonstrated the feasibility of using acoustic data to inform habitat models. Future work will benefit from utilizing acoustic data to inform habitat models for beaked whales and likely for other cryptic species as well. The culmination of this research has advanced techniques used in passive acoustic monitoring during towed array marine mammal surveys. The ability to efficiently detect and classify beaked whales using a towed hydrophone array represents a significant contribution to the field of marine mammal science. This work promotes current understanding of beaked whale distribution and habitat preferences and the highlights the role of behavioral and physiological processes in habitat selection.
Download or read book Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook written by Victoria L. G. Todd and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Mammal Observer and Passive Acoustic Monitoring Handbook is the ultimate instruction manual for mitigation measures to minimise man-made acoustical and physical disturbances to marine mammals from industrial and defence activities. Based on more than two decades of offshore experience, and a decade of supplying MMO and PAM services (commercial and scientific), the Handbook is a long-overdue reference guide that seeks to improve standards worldwide for marine operations such as seismic and drilling exploration, wind farm and civil engineering piling, dredging, trenching, rock-dumping, hydrographical surveys, and military/defence exercises. By popular request, this manual will also form an accompaniment to MMO and PAM courses. The Handbook consolidates all aspects of this discipline into one easily accessible resource, to educate all stakeholders (e.g. MMOs, PAM operators, suppliers, recruitment agencies, clients, contractors, regulators, NGOs, consultants, scientists, academia and media), regardless of experience. Topics include worldwide legislation, compliance, anthropogenic noise sources and potential effects, training, offshore life, visual and acoustic monitoring (theory and practice), marine mammal distribution, hearing and vocalisations, and report writing. Advice is provided on implementing sensible and practical mitigation techniques, appropriate technologies, data collection, client and regulator liaison, and project kick-off meetings. "The Handbook is an indispensable How To guide to the growing and increasingly important occupation of marine mammal monitoring, written with clarity and humor by scientists who have extensive experience in this field." --Dr Phillip J. Clapham, world-renowned cetologist and Director of the Cetacean Assessment and Ecology Program at the National Marine Mammal Laboratory in Seattle.
Download or read book Low Frequency Sound and Marine Mammals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume reviews the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of low-frequency sound on marine mammals and makes recommendations for research. In addition, the book describes current federal regulations prescribed under the Marine Mammal Protection Act that govern the taking of marine mammals by scientific research activities, and it recommends changes to expedite the regulatory process dealing with scientific research activities.
Download or read book Marine Mammals Ashore written by Joseph R. Geraci and published by National Aquarium in Baltimore. This book was released on 2005 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive manual for understanding and carrying out marine mammal rescue activities for stranded seals, manatees, dolphins, whales, or sea otters.
