Download or read book Human and Machine Problem Solving written by K.J. Gilhooly and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problem solving is a central topic for both cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence (AI). Psychology seeks to analyze naturally occur ring problem solving into hypothetical processes, while AI seeks to synthesize problem-solving performance from well-defined processes. Psychology may suggest possible processes to AI and, in turn, AI may suggest plausible hypotheses to psychology. It should be useful for both sides to have some idea of the other's contribution-hence this book, which brings together overviews of psychological and AI re search in major areas of problem solving. At a more general level, this book is intended to be a contribution toward comparative cognitive science. Cognitive science is the study of intelligent systems, whether natural or artificial, and treats both organ isms and computers as types of information-processing systems. Clearly, humans and typical current computers have rather different functional or cognitive architectures. Thus, insights into the role of cognitive ar chitecture in performance may be gained by comparing typical human problem solving with efficient machine problem solving over a range of tasks. Readers may notice that there is little mention of connectionist ap proaches in this volume. This is because, at the time of writing, such approaches have had little or no impact on research at the problem solving level. Should a similar volume be produced in ten years or so, of course, a very different story may need to be told.
Download or read book Problem Solving Processes in Humans and Computers written by Morton Wagman and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wagman gives a broad, structured, and detailed account of advancing intellectual developments in both psychological and computational theories of the nature of problem- solving. Known for originating the PLATO computer-based Dilemma Counseling System, psychologist Wagman is the author of 17 books, including Scientific Discovery Processes in Humans and Computers (Praeger, 2000). In this book, Professor Emeritus Morton Wagman gives a broad, structured, and detailed account of advancing intellectual developments in both psychological and computational theories of the nature of problem solving. Known for originating the PLATO computer-based Dilemma Counseling System, psychologist Wagman is the author of 17 books, including Scientific Discovery Processes in Humans and Computers, (Praeger, 2000) Of special interest to readers will be Wagman's conclusion that artificial intelligence problem-solving systems are deepening and broadening theories of human problem solving from scientific to everyday approaches. Scholars and professionals in psychology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science will consider this a volume a valuable addition to their collections.
Download or read book Computer Based Problem Solving Process written by Teodor Rus and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015-03-19 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author looks at the issues of how computing are used and taught, with a focus on embedding computers within problem solving process by making computer language part of natural language of the domain instead of embedding problem domain in the computer by programming. The book builds on previous editions of system software and software systems, concepts and methodology and develops a framework for software creation that supports domain-oriented problem solving process adapting Polya's four steps methodology for mathematical problem solving: Formalize the problem;Develop an algorithm to solve the problem;Perform the algorithm on the data characterizing the problem;Validate the solution. to the computer use for problem solving in any domain, including computer programming. Contents:Systems Methodology:Introduction to System SoftwareFormal SystemsAd Hoc SystemsCommon Systems in Software DevelopmentComputer Architecture and Functionality:Hardware SystemFunctional Behavior of Hardware ComponentsAlgorithmic Expression of a Hardware SystemUsing Computers to Solve ProblemsSoftware Tools Supporting Program Execution:Computer Process Manipulation by ProgramsMemory Management SystemI/O Device Management SystemComputation Activity and Its Management ToolsSoftware Tools Supporting Program Development:Problem Solving by Software ToolsWeb-Based Problem Solving ProcessSoftware Tool Development IllustrationSoftware Tools for Correct Program DevelopmentComputer Operation by Problem Solving Process:Using First Computers to Solve ProblemsBatch Operating SystemProblem of ProtectionTiming Program ExecutionEfficiency of Batch Operating SystemsConvenience of the BOSReal-Time Systems Readership: Student, general public and professional. Key Features:This is one of the few books in the market that promote programming as a problem solving process following Polya for mathematical problem solvingThis book consolidates the concepts of system methodology, computer architecture, system tools program execution into workflow of the four steps Polya problem solving processThis book insists to hold the hands of readers to walk through the internal working of a computer system from problem deposition to hardware state transitions, a view that has been lost in most computer science curricula currently taught in universities and collegesKeywords:Software Engineering;Programming Methodology;Computer Engineering
Download or read book Problem Solving Processes in Humans and Computers written by Morton Wagman and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2002 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wagman gives a broad, structured, and detailed account of advancing intellectual developments in both psychological and computational theories of the nature of problem- solving. Known for originating the PLATO computer-based Dilemma Counseling System, psychologist Wagman is the author of 17 books, including Scientific Discovery Processes in Humans and Computers (Praeger, 2000). In this book, Professor Emeritus Morton Wagman gives a broad, structured, and detailed account of advancing intellectual developments in both psychological and computational theories of the nature of problem solving. Known for originating the PLATO computer-based Dilemma Counseling System, psychologist Wagman is the author of 17 books, including Scientific Discovery Processes in Humans and Computers, (Praeger, 2000) Of special interest to readers will be Wagman's conclusion that artificial intelligence problem-solving systems are deepening and broadening theories of human problem solving from scientific to everyday approaches. Scholars and professionals in psychology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive science will consider this a volume a valuable addition to their collections.
Download or read book Human Problem Solving written by Allen Newell and published by Echo Point Books & Media. This book was released on 2019-02-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monumental work by Herbert A. Simon and Allan Newell, two pioneers of artificial intelligence, develops and defends the authors' theory of human reasoning. It will be of historical interest to students of the physical symbol system hypothesis in psychology, artificial intelligence, or cognitive science.
Download or read book Scientific Discovery Processes in Humans and Computers written by Morton Wagman and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2000-05-30 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wagman offers a critical analysis of current theory and research in the psychological and computational sciences, directed toward the elucidation of scientific discovery processes and structures. It discusses human scientific discovery processes, analyzes computer scientific discovery processes, and makes a comparative evaluation of the two. This work examines the scientific reasoning of the discoverers of the inhibition mechanism of gene control; scientific discovery heuristics used at different developmental levels; artificial intelligence and mathematical discovery; the ECHO system; the evolution of artificial intelligence discovery systems; the PAULI system; and the KEKADA system. It concludes with an examination of the extent to which computational discovery systems can emulate a set of 10 types of scientific problems.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Human Computer Interaction written by Ghaoui, Claude and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2005-12-31 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Esta enciclopedia presenta numerosas experiencias y discernimientos de profesionales de todo el mundo sobre discusiones y perspectivas de la la interacción hombre-computadoras
Download or read book Human Computer Interaction Handbook written by Julie A. Jacko and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-05-04 with total page 1469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of a 2013 CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title Award The third edition of a groundbreaking reference, The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook: Fundamentals, Evolving Technologies, and Emerging Applications raises the bar for handbooks in this field. It is the largest, most complete compilation of HCI theories, principles, advances, case st
Download or read book Thinking in Algorithms written by Albert Rutherford and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reasoning Processes in Humans and Computers written by Morton Wagman and published by Praeger. This book was released on 2003-02-28 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancing research in artificial intelligence is creating reasoning systems that increasingly emulate or surpass the power of human reasoning. This volume presents a critical analysis of current theory and research in psychological and computational sciences addressing reasoning processes. Distinguished from narrowly technical books on the one hand, and from general philosophical books on the other, this work gives a broad, structured, detailed, and critical account of advancing intellectual developments in theories on the nature of reasoning. Of special interest is the conclusion that artificial intelligence reasoning systems are deepening and broadening theories of human reasoning. A unified theory of intelligent reasoning encompassing natural and computational systems is an important current objective of cognitive science. Reasoning systems such as the CHARADE program, which simulates the course of inductive reasoning leading to medical discoveries, and the CONSYDERR program, which executes the robust theory of common sense reasoning, are important demonstrations of the feasibility of a unified theory of human and artificial intelligence.
Download or read book Applications of Cognitive Psychology written by Dale E. Berger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in the year 1986, Applications of Cognitive Psychology is a valuable contribution to the field of Cognitive Psychology.
Download or read book Human Computer Interaction written by Gerard Jounghyun Kim and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-03-20 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although life continues to become increasingly embedded with interactive computing services that make our lives easier, human-computer interaction (HCI) has not been given the attention it deserves in the education of software developers at the undergraduate level. Most entry-level HCI textbooks are structured around high-level concepts and are not directly tied to the software development process. Filling this need, Human-Computer Interaction: Fundamentals and Practice supplies an accessible introduction to the entire cycle of HCI design and implementation-explaining the core HCI concepts behind each step. Designed around the overall development cycle for an interactive software product, it starts off by covering the fundamentals behind HCI. The text then quickly goes into the application of this knowledge. It covers the forming of HCI requirements, modeling the interaction process, designing the interface, implementing the resulting design, and evaluating the implemented product. Although this textbook is suitable for undergraduate students of computer science and information technology, it is accessible enough to be understood by those with minimal programming knowledge. Supplying readers with a firm foundation in the main HCI principles, the book provides a working knowledge of HCI-oriented software development. The core content of this book is based on the introductory HCI course (advanced junior or senior-level undergraduate) that the author has been teaching at Korea University for the past eight years. The book includes access to PowerPoint lecture slides as well as source code for the example applications used throughout the text.
Download or read book A History of Modern Psychology written by David C. Ludden, Jr. and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2019-12-11 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Ludden’s text is a breath of fresh air, enabling students of all backgrounds to see themselves reflected in well-researched and humanized portrayals of the pioneers of the field, working within the context from which psychological science has emerged." —Cynthia A. Edwards, Meredith College A History of Modern Psychology: The Quest for a Science of the Mind presents a history of psychology up to the turn of the 21st century. Author David C. Ludden, Jr. uses a topical approach to discuss key thinkers and breakthroughs within the context of various schools of thought, allowing students to see how philosophers, researchers, and academics influenced one another to create the rich and diverse landscape of modern psychology. Through detailed timelines and Looking Back and Looking Ahead sections, the book provides connections between movements and gives students a deeper appreciation for the transference of knowledge that has shaped the field. Included with this title: The password-protected Instructor Resource Site (formally known as SAGE Edge) offers access to all text-specific resources, including a test bank and editable, chapter-specific PowerPoint® slides.
Download or read book Human Computer Interaction Concepts Methodologies Tools and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-10-02 with total page 2208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As modern technologies continue to develop and evolve, the ability of users to interface with new systems becomes a paramount concern. Research into new ways for humans to make use of advanced computers and other such technologies is necessary to fully realize the potential of 21st century tools. Human-Computer Interaction: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications gathers research on user interfaces for advanced technologies and how these interfaces can facilitate new developments in the fields of robotics, assistive technologies, and computational intelligence. This four-volume reference contains cutting-edge research for computer scientists; faculty and students of robotics, digital science, and networked communications; and clinicians invested in assistive technologies. This seminal reference work includes chapters on topics pertaining to system usability, interactive design, mobile interfaces, virtual worlds, and more.
Download or read book Human and Machine Problem Solving written by K. J. Gilhooly and published by . This book was released on 1989-01-31 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Expertise and Technology written by Jean-Michel Hoc and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological development has changed the nature of industrial production so that it is no longer a question of humans working with a machine, but rather that a joint human machine system is performing the task. This development, which started in the 1940s, has become even more pronounced with the proliferation of computers and the invasion of digital technology in all wakes of working life. It may appear that the importance of human work has been reduced compared to what can be achieved by intelligent software systems, but in reality, the opposite is true: the more complex a system, the more vital the human operator's task. The conditions have changed, however, whereas people used to be in control of their own tasks, today they have become supervisors of tasks which are shared between humans and machines. A considerable effort has been devoted to the domain of administrative and clerical work and has led to the establishment of an internationally based human-computer interaction (HCI) community at research and application levels. The HCI community, however, has paid more attention to static environments where the human operator is in complete control of the situation, rather than to dynamic environments where changes may occur independent of human intervention and actions. This book's basic philosophy is the conviction that human operators remain the unchallenged experts even in the worst cases where their working conditions have been impoverished by senseless automation. They maintain this advantage due to their ability to learn and build up a high level of expertise -- a foundation of operational knowledge -- during their work. This expertise must be taken into account in the development of efficient human-machine systems, in the specification of training requirements, and in the identification of needs for specific computer support to human actions. Supporting this philosophy, this volume *deals with the main features of cognition in dynamic environments, combining issues coming from empirical approaches of human cognition and cognitive simulation, *addresses the question of the development of competence and expertise, and *proposes ways to take up the main challenge in this domain -- the design of an actual cooperation between human experts and computers of the next century.
Download or read book Simultaneous Engineering written by U. Roy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-05-11 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers recent advances in simultaneous engineering and contemporary issues related to the development and implementation of successful systems. The scope of material includes recent research related to simultaneous engineering problem-solving architectures, organizational issues, tools and techniques of simultaneous engineering, design methods, and application of artificial intelligence and numeric tools.
