Download or read book Looking Inside Jets written by Simone Marzani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-11 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This concise primer reviews the latest developments in the field of jets. Jets are collinear sprays of hadrons produced in very high-energy collisions, e.g. at the LHC or at a future hadron collider. They are essential to and ubiquitous in experimental analyses, making their study crucial. At present LHC energies and beyond, massive particles around the electroweak scale are frequently produced with transverse momenta that are much larger than their mass, i.e., boosted. The decay products of such boosted massive objects tend to occupy only a relatively small and confined area of the detector and are observed as a single jet. Jets hence arise from many different sources and it is important to be able to distinguish the rare events with boosted resonances from the large backgrounds originating from Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). This requires familiarity with the internal properties of jets, such as their different radiation patterns, a field broadly known as jet substructure. This set of notes begins by providing a phenomenological motivation, explaining why the study of jets and their substructure is of particular importance for the current and future program of the LHC, followed by a brief but insightful introduction to QCD and to hadron-collider phenomenology. The next section introduces jets as complex objects constructed from a sequential recombination algorithm. In this context some experimental aspects are also reviewed. Since jet substructure calculations are multi-scale problems that call for all-order treatments (resummations), the bases of such calculations are discussed for simple jet quantities. With these QCD and jet physics ingredients in hand, readers can then dig into jet substructure itself. Accordingly, these notes first highlight the main concepts behind substructure techniques and introduce a list of the main jet substructure tools that have been used over the past decade. Analytic calculations are then provided for several families of tools, the goal being to identify their key characteristics. In closing, the book provides an overview of LHC searches and measurements where jet substructure techniques are used, reviews the main take-home messages, and outlines future perspectives.

Download or read book Lepton Dipole Moments written by B. Lee Roberts and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2010 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a self-contained description of the measurements of the magnetic dipole moments of the electron and muon, along with a discussion of the measurements of the fine structure constant, and the theory associated with magnetic and electric dipole moments. Also included are the searches for a permanent electric dipole moment of the electron, muon, neutron and atomic nuclei. The related topic of the transition moment for lepton flavor violating processes, such as neutrinoless muon or tauon decays, and the search for such processes are included as well. The papers, written by many of the leading authors in this field, cover both the experimental and theoretical aspects of these topics. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Historical Introduction to Electric and Mangnetic Moments (367 KB). Contents: Historical Introduction (B L Roberts); Electromagnetic Dipole Moments and New Physics (A Czarnecki & W J Marciano); Lepton g OCo 2 from 1947 to Present (T Kinoshita); Analytic QED Calculations of the Anomalous Magnetic Moment of the Electron (S Laporta & E Remiddi); Measurements of the Electron Magnetic Moment (G Gabrielse); Determining the Fine Structure Constant (G Gabrielse); Helium Fine Structure Theory for the Determination of (K Pachucki & J Sapirstein); Hadronic Vacuum Polarization and the Lepton Anomalous Magnetic Moments (M Davier); The Hadronic Light-by-Light Contribution to a, e (J Prades et al.); General Prescriptions for One-loop Contributions to a e, (K R Lynch); Measurement of the Muon ( g OCo 2) Value (J P Miller et al.); Muon ( g OCo 2) and Physics Beyond the Standard Model (D StAckinger); Probing CP Violation with Electric Dipole Moments (M Pospelov & A Ritz); The Electric Dipole Moment of the Electron (E D Commins & D DeMille); Neutron EDM Experiments (S K Lamoreaux & R Golub); Nuclear Electric Dipole Moments (W C Griffith et al.); EDM Measurements in Storage Rings (B L Roberts et al.); Models of Lepton Flavor Violation (Y Okada); Search for the Charged Lepton-Flavor-Violating Transition Moments l OaAE l OC (Y Kuno). Readership: Researchers and graduate students in particle physics, atomic physics and nuclear physics, as well as experts working in the field

Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Herwig Schopper and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first open access volume of the handbook series contains articles on the standard model of particle physics, both from the theoretical and experimental perspective. It also covers related topics, such as heavy-ion physics, neutrino physics and searches for new physics beyond the standard model. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access

Download or read book Particle Physics Reference Library written by Christian W. Fabjan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020 with total page 1083 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second open access volume of the handbook series deals with detectors, large experimental facilities and data handling, both for accelerator and non-accelerator based experiments. It also covers applications in medicine and life sciences. A joint CERN-Springer initiative, the "Particle Physics Reference Library" provides revised and updated contributions based on previously published material in the well-known Landolt-Boernstein series on particle physics, accelerators and detectors (volumes 21A, B1,B2,C), which took stock of the field approximately one decade ago. Central to this new initiative is publication under full open access

Download or read book Inclusive b Jet Production in Proton Proton Collisions written by Patrick L.S. Connor and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ^ 74 GeV and |y| 2.4; the b jets must contain a B hadron. The measurement has significant statistics up to p T ∼ O(TeV). Advanced methods of unfolding are performed to extract the signal. It is found that fixed-order calculations with underlying event describe the measurement well.

Download or read book The Search for Supersymmetry in Hadronic Final States Using Boosted Object Reconstruction written by Giordon Stark and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis represents one of the most comprehensive and in-depth studies of the use of Lorentz-boosted hadronic final state systems in the search for signals of Supersymmetry conducted to date at the Large Hadron Collider. A thorough assessment is performed of the observables that provide enhanced sensitivity to new physics signals otherwise hidden under an enormous background of top quark pairs produced by Standard Model processes. This is complemented by an ingenious analysis optimization procedure that allowed for extending the reach of this analysis by hundreds of GeV in mass of these hypothetical new particles. Lastly, the combination of both deep, thoughtful physics analysis with the development of high-speed electronics for identifying and selecting these same objects is not only unique, but also revolutionary. The Global Feature Extraction system that the author played a critical role in bringing to fruition represents the first dedicated hardware device for selecting these Lorentz-boosted hadronic systems in real-time using state-of-the-art processing chips and embedded systems.

Download or read book Multiple Parton Interactions At The Lhc written by Paolo Bartalini and published by World Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2018-11-02 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many high-energy collider experiments (including the current Large Hadron Collider at CERN) involve the collision of hadrons. Hadrons are composite particles consisting of partons (quarks and gluons), and this means that in any hadron-hadron collision there will typically be multiple collisions of the constituents — i.e. multiple parton interactions (MPI). Understanding the nature of the MPI is important in terms of searching for new physics in the products of the scatters, and also in its own right to gain a greater understanding of hadron structure. This book aims at providing a pedagogical introduction and a comprehensive review of different research lines linked by an involvement of MPI phenomena. It is written by pioneers as well as young leading scientists, and reviews both experimental findings and theoretical developments, discussing also the remaining open issues.

Download or read book Discovery Of The Higgs Boson written by Aleandro Nisati and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-08-26 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent observation of the Higgs boson has been hailed as the scientific discovery of the century and led to the 2013 Nobel Prize in physics. This book describes the detailed science behind the decades-long search for this elusive particle at the Large Electron Positron Collider at CERN and at the Tevatron at Fermilab and its subsequent discovery and characterization at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Written by physicists who played leading roles in this epic search and discovery, this book is an authoritative and pedagogical exposition of the portrait of the Higgs boson that has emerged from a large number of experimental measurements. As the first of its kind, this book should be of interest to graduate students and researchers in particle physics.

Download or read book Electroweak Interactions and Unified Theories written by J. Thanh Van Tran and published by Atlantica Séguier Frontières. This book was released on 1988 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cosmoparticle Physics written by Maxim Yu Khlopov and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1980s the cross-disciplinary, multidimensional field of links between cosmology and particle physics has been widely recognised by theorists, studying cosmology, particle and nuclear physics, gravity, as well as by astrophysicists, astronomers, space physicists, experimental particle and nuclear physicists, mathematicians and engineers.The relationship between cosmology and particle physics is now one of the important topics of discussion at any scientific meeting both on astrophysics and high energy physics.Cosmoparticle physics is the result of the mutual relationship between cosmology and particle physics in their search for physical mechanisms of inflation, baryosynthesis, nonbaryonic dark matter, and for fundamental unity of the natural forces underlying them. The set of nontrivial links between cosmological consequences of particle models and the astrophysical data on matter and radiation in the modern universe maintains cosmoarcheology, testing self-consistently particular predictions of particle models on the base of cosmological scenarios, following from them. Complex analysis of all the indirect cosmological, astrophysical and microphysical phenomena makes cosmoparticle physics the science of the world and renders quantitatively definite the correspondence between its micro- and macroscopic structure.This book outlines the principal ideas of the modern particle theory and cosmology, their mutual relationship and the nontrivial correspondence of their physical and astrophysical effects.

Download or read book Physics at the Terascale written by Ian Brock and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-04 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by authors working at the forefront of research, this accessible treatment presents the current status of the field of collider-based particle physics at the highest energies available, as well as recent results and experimental techniques. It is clearly divided into three sections; The first covers the physics -- discussing the various aspects of the Standard Model as well as its extensions, explaining important experimental results and highlighting the expectations from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The second is dedicated to the involved technologies and detector concepts, and the third covers the important - but often neglected - topics of the organisation and financing of high-energy physics research. A useful resource for students and researchers from high-energy physics.

Download or read book XXII DAE High Energy Physics Symposium written by Md. Naimuddin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-23 with total page 879 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings gather invited and contributed talks presented at the XXII DAE-BRNS High Energy Physics (HEP) Symposium, which was held at the University of Delhi, India, on 12–16 December 2016. The contributions cover a variety of topics in particle physics, astroparticle physics, cosmology and related areas from both experimental and theoretical perspectives, namely (1) Neutrino Physics, (2) Standard Model Physics (including Electroweak, Flavour Physics), (3) Beyond Standard Model Physics, (4) Heavy Ion Physics & QCD (Quantum Chromodynamics), (5) Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, (6) Future Experiments and Detector Development, (7) Formal Theory, and (8) Societal Applications: Medical Physics, Imaging, etc. The DAE-BRNS High Energy Physics Symposium, widely considered to be one of the leading symposiums in the field of Elementary Particle Physics, is held every other year in India and supported by the Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS), Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), India. As many as 400 physicists and researchers attended the 22nd Symposium to discuss the latest advances in the field. A poster session was also organized to highlight the work and findings of young researchers. Bringing together the essential content, the book offers a valuable resource for both beginning and advanced researchers in the field.

Download or read book The Standard Theory of Particle Physics written by Luciano Maiani and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-08-25 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives a quite complete and up-to-date picture of the Standard Theory with an historical perspective, with a collection of articles written by some of the protagonists of present particle physics. The theoretical developments are described together with the most up-to-date experimental tests, including the discovery of the Higgs Boson and the measurement of its mass as well as the most precise measurements of the top mass, giving the reader a complete description of our present understanding of particle physics.

Download or read book Calorimetry written by Richard Wigmans and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-06 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particle physics is the science that pursues the age-old quest for the innermost structure of matter and the fundamental interactions between its constituents. Modern experiments in this field rely increasingly on calorimetry, a detection technique in which the particles of interest are absorbed in the detector. Calorimeters are very intricate instruments. Their performance characteristics depend on subtle, sometimes counter-intuitive design details. Written by one of the world's foremost experts, Calorimetry is the first comprehensive text on this topic. It provides a fundamental and systematic introduction to calorimetry. It describes the state of the art in terms of both the fundamental understanding of calorimetric particle detection, and the actual detectors that have been or are being built and operated in experiments. The last chapter discusses landmark scientific discoveries in which calorimetry has played an important role. This book summarizes and puts into perspective the work described in some 900 scientific papers, listed in the bibliography. This second edition emphasizes new developments that have taken place since the first edition appeared in 2000.

Download or read book Recent Developments in Gauge Theories written by G. 't Hooft and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost all theories of fundamental interactions are nowadays based on the gauge concept. Starting with the historical example of quantum electrodynamics, we have been led to the successful unified gauge theory of weak and electromagnetic interactions, and finally to a non abelian gauge theory of strong interactions with the notion of permanently confined quarks. The. early theoretical work on gauge theories was devoted to proofs of renormalizability, investigation of short distance behaviour, the discovery of asymptotic freedom, etc . . , aspects which were accessible to tools extrapolated from renormalised perturbation theory. The second phase of the subject is concerned with the problem of quark confinement which necessitates a non-perturbative understanding of gauge theories. This phase has so far been marked by the introduc tion of ideas from geometry, topology and statistical mechanics in particular the theory of phase transitions. The 1979 Cargese Institute on "Recent Developments on Gauge Theories" was devoted to a thorough discussion of these non-perturbative, global aspects of non-abelian gauge theories. In the lectures and seminars reproduced in this volume the reader wilf find detailed reports on most of the important developments of recent times on non perturbative gauge fields by some of the leading experts and innovators in this field. Aside from lectures on gauge fields proper, there were lectures on gauge field concepts in condensed matter physics and lectures by mathematicians on global aspects of the calculus of variations, its relation to geometry and topology, and related topics.

Download or read book Report of Research Activities written by Yale University. Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics and published by . This book was released on 1959 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Searches for Dijet Resonances written by Lydia Audrey Beresford and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses one of the most intriguing mysteries of our universe: the nature of dark matter. The results presented here mark a significant and substantial contribution to the search for new physics, in particular for new particles that couple to dark matter. The first analysis presented is a search for heavy new particles that decay into pairs of hadronic jets (dijets). This pioneering analysis explores unprecedented dijet invariant masses, reaching nearly 7 TeV, and sets constraints on several important new physics models. The two subsequent analyses focus on the difficult low dijet mass region, down to 200 GeV, and employ a novel technique to efficiently gather low-mass dijet events. The results of these analyses transcend the long-standing constraints on dark matter mediator particles set by several existing experiments.