Download or read book Probing the Structure and Nano scale Mechanical Properties of Polymer Surfaces with Scanning Force Microscopy and Sum Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Probing the Structure and Nano scale Mechanical Properties of Polymer Surfaces with Scanning Force Microscopy and Sum Frequency Vibrational Spectroscopy written by David Hugo Gracias and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of the Molecular Structure and Mechanical Properties Polymer Surfaces and Protein polymer Interfaces by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy written by Telly Stelianos Koffas and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymer Surface Characterization written by Luigia Sabbatini and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-01-19 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully updated edition provides a broad approach to the surface analysis of polymers being of high technological interest. Modern analytical techniques, potential applications and recent advances in instrumental apparatus are discussed. The self-consistent chapters are devoted to spectroscopic and microscopic techniques which represent powerful tools for the characterization of morphology and chemical, physical, mechanical properties of polymer surfaces, interfaces, and thin fi lms. Selection of techniques which can properly address very shallow depth of surfaces, spanning from few angstroms to tens of nanometers Interaction of polymer surfaces with their surroundings is pointed out as a critical issue for specifi c applications
Download or read book Dekker Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology written by James A. Schwarz and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization of the Molecular Structure and Mechanical Properties of Polymer Surfaces and Protein written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and other complementary surface-sensitive techniques have been used to study the surface molecular structure and surface mechanical behavior of biologically-relevant polymer systems. SFG and AFM have emerged as powerful analytical tools to deduce structure/property relationships, in situ, for polymers at air, liquid and solid interfaces. The experiments described in this dissertation have been performed to understand how polymer surface properties are linked to polymer bulk composition, substrate hydrophobicity, changes in the ambient environment (e.g., humidity and temperature), or the adsorption of macromolecules. The correlation of spectroscopic and mechanical data by SFG and AFM can become a powerful methodology to study and engineer materials with tailored surface properties. The overarching theme of this research is the interrogation of systems of increasing structural complexity, which allows us to extend conclusions made on simpler model systems. We begin by systematically describing the surface molecular composition and mechanical properties of polymers, copolymers, and blends having simple linear architectures. Subsequent chapters focus on networked hydrogel materials used as soft contact lenses and the adsorption of protein and surfactant at the polymer/liquid interface. The power of SFG is immediately demonstrated in experiments which identify the chemical parameters that influence the molecular composition and ordering of a polymer chain's side groups at the polymer/air and polymer/liquid interfaces. In general, side groups with increasingly greater hydrophobic character will be more surface active in air. Larger side groups impose steric restrictions, thus they will tend to be more randomly ordered than smaller hydrophobic groups. If exposed to a hydrophilic environment, such as water, the polymer chain will attempt to orient more of its hydrophilic groups to the surface in order to minimize the total surface energy. With an understanding of the structural and environmental parameters which govern polymer surface structure, SFG is then used to explore the effects of surface hydrophobicity and solvent polarity on the orientation and ordering of amphiphilic neutral polymers adsorbed at the solid/liquid interface. SFG spectra show that poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) adsorb with their hydrophobic moieties preferentially oriented toward hydrophobic polystyrene surfaces. These same moieties, however, disorder when adsorbed onto a hydrophilic silica/water interface. Water is identified as a critical factor for mediating the orientation and ordering of hydrophobic moieties in polymers adsorbed at hydrophobic interfaces. The role of bulk water content and water vapor, as they influence hydrogel surface structure and mechanics, continues to be explored in the next series of experiments. A method was developed to probe the surface viscoelastic properties of hydroxylethyl methacrylate (HEMA) based contact lens materials by analyzing AFM force-distance curves. AFM analysis indicates that the interfacial region is dehydrated, relative to the bulk. Experiments performed on poly(HEMA+MA) (MA = methacrylic acid), a more hydrophilic copolymer with greater bulk water content, show even greater water depletion at the surface. SFG spectra, as well as surface energy arguments, suggest that the more hydrophilic polymer component (such as MA) is not favored at the air interface; this may explain anomalies in water retention at the hydrogel surface. Adsorption of lysozyme onto poly(HEMA+MA) was found to further reduce near-surface viscous behavior, suggesting lower surface water content. Lastly, protein adsorption is studied using a model polymer system of polystyrene covalently bound with a monolayer of bovine serum albumin. SFG results indicate that some amino acid residues in proteins adopt preferred orientations. SFG spectra also show that the phenyl rings of the bare polystyrene substrate in contact with air or liquid are ordered, with a dipole component directed along the surface normal, but slightly disorder after protein adsorption. Differences in AFM friction values suggest that protein interacts more strongly with the polystyrene substrate at the air/solid interface. The molecular orientation and ordering of surface phenyl groups are also shown to affect substrate hydrophobicity.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scanning Force Microscopy of Polymers written by G. Julius Vancso and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-02 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scope of the Book Synthetic and natural polymers exhibit a complex structural and morphological hierarchy on multiple length scales [1], which determines their performance. Thus, research aiming at visualizing structure and morphology using a multitude of microscopy techniques has received considerable attention since the early days of polymer science and technology. Various well-developed techniques such as optical microscopy and different forms of electron microscopy (Scanning Electron Micr- copy, SEM; Transmission Electron Microscopy, TEM; Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy, ESEM) allow one to view polymeric structure at different levels of magni?cation. These classical techniques, and their applications to po- mers, are well documented in the literature [2, 3]. The invention of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) inspired the devel- ment of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and other forms of scanning proximity microscopes in the late 1980s [4, 5]. AFM, unlike STM, can be used to image n- conducting specimens such as polymers. In addition, AFM imaging is feasible in liquids, which has several advantages. Using liquid imaging cells the forces between specimen and AFM probe are drastically reduced, thus sample damage is prevented. In addition, the use of water as imaging medium opened up new applications aiming at imaging, characterizing, and analyzing biologically important systems.
Download or read book Nanomechanical and Nanoelectromechanical Phenomena in 2D Atomic Crystals written by Nicholas D. Kay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis introduces a unique approach of applying atomic force microscopy to study the nanoelectromechanical properties of 2D materials, providing high-resolution computer-generated imagery (CGI) and diagrams to aid readers’ understanding and visualization. The isolation of graphene and, shortly after, a host of other 2D materials has attracted a great deal of interest in the scientific community for both their range of extremely desirable and their record-breaking properties. Amongst these properties are some of the highest elastic moduli and tensile strengths ever observed in nature. The work, which was undertaken at Lancaster University’s Physics department in conjunction with the University of Manchester and the National Physical Laboratory, offers a new approach to understanding the nanomechanical and nanoelectromechanical properties of 2D materials by utilising the nanoscale and nanosecond resolution of ultrasonic force and heterodyne force microscopy (UFM and HFM) – both contact mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. Using this approach and developing several other new techniques the authors succeeded in probing samples’ subsurface and mechanical properties, which would otherwise remain hidden. Lastly, by using a new technique, coined electrostatic heterodyne force microscopy (E-HFM), the authors were able to observe nanoscale electromechanical vibrations with a nanometre and nanosecond resolution, in addition to probing the local electrostatic environment of devices fabricated from 2D materials.
Download or read book Scanning Probe Microscopy of Polymers written by Buddy D. Ratner and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The highlights of this book include an examination of the use of scanning probe microscopy to characterize a variety of polymeric materials, from polymer single crystals and molecular films to composites and biopolymers. The volume provides a synthesis of critical overviews and important new developments, including applications in atomic resolution, chemical force microscopy, and recognition/nanolithography. It includes a review of basic principles and operational modes, terminology, trends, and a discussion of key industrial applications, such as polymer fibers, polymer composites, and filled polymers. It also includes chapters on biopolymers and living cells and on methods for probing micromechanical properties.
Download or read book Scanning Probe Microscopy of Functional Materials written by Sergei V Kalinin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is a much-needed general overview of a rapidly developing field. It covers novel scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques that are used to characterize a wide range of functional materials, including complex oxides, biopolymers, and semiconductors.
Download or read book Mechanical Properties of Polymers Measured through AFM Force Distance Curves written by Brunero Cappella and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-14 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Springer Laboratory volume is a practical guide for scientists and students dealing with the measurement of mechanical properties of polymers at the nanoscale through AFM force-distance curves. In the first part of the book the reader will find a theoretical introduction about atomic force microscopy, focused on force-distance curves, and mechanical properties of polymers. The discussion of several practical issues concerning the acquisition and the interpretation of force-distance curves will help scientists starting to employ this technique. The second part of the book deals with the practical measurement of mechanical properties of polymers by means of AFM force-distance curves. Several "hands-on" examples are illustrated in a very detailed manner, with particular attention to the sample preparation, data analysis, and typical artefacts. This section gives a complete overview about the qualitative characterization and quantitative determination of the mechanical properties of homogeneous polymer samples, polymer brushes, polymer thin films, confined polymer samples, model blends and microstructured polymer blends through AFM force-distance curves. The book also introduces to new approaches and measurement techniques, like creep compliance and force modulation measurements, pointing out approximations, limitations and issues requiring further confirmation.
Download or read book Nanoscience Friction And Rheology On The Nanometer Scale written by Ernst Meyer and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998-12-30 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Friction force microscopy is an important analytical tool in the field of tribology on the nanometer-scale. The contact area between the probing tip and the sample is reduced to some square nanometers, corresponding to the ideal of a single asperity contact. Traditional concepts, such as friction coefficients, adhesion and elasticity and stick-slip are re-examined with this novel technique. New concepts based upon classical and quantum mechanics are investigated.
Download or read book Micro Nanotribology and Its Applications written by Bharat Bhushan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-01-31 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro/nanotribology as a field is concerned with experimental and theoretical investigations of processes ranging from atomic and molecular scales to the microscale, occurring during adhesion, friction, wear, and thin-film lubrication at sliding surfaces. As a field it is truly interdisciplinary, but this confronts the would-be entrant with the difficulty of becoming familiar with the basic theories and applications: the area is not covered in any undergraduate or graduate scientific curriculum. The present work commences with a history of tribology and micro/nanotribology, followed by discussions of instrumentation, basic theories of friction, wear and lubrication on nano- to microscales, and their industrial applications. A variety of research instruments are covered, including a variety of scanning probe microscopes and surface force apparatus. Experimental research and modelling are expertly dealt with, the emphasis throughout being applied aspects.
Download or read book Nanoscale Characterization of Surface modified and Surface grafted Polymers Using Environmental Control Scanning Microscopy written by Donna Renee Staarup and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scanning Probe Microscopy of Functional Materials written by Sergei V. Kalinin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-12-10 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this book is to provide a general overview of the rapidly developing field of novel scanning probe microscopy (SPM) techniques for characterization of a wide range of functional materials, including complex oxides, biopolymers, and semiconductors. Many recent advances in condensed matter physics and materials science, including transport mechanisms in carbon nanostructures and the role of disorder on high temperature superconductivity, would have been impossible without SPM. The unique aspect of SPM is its potential for imaging functional properties of materials as opposed to structural characterization by electron microscopy. Examples include electrical transport and magnetic, optical, and electromechanical properties. By bringing together critical reviews by leading researchers on the application of SPM to to the nanoscale characterization of functional materials properties, this book provides insight into fundamental and technological advances and future trends in key areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology.
Download or read book Handbook of Micro Nano Tribology written by Bharat Bushan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Handbook of Micro/Nanotribology addresses the rapid evolution within this field, serving as a reference for the novice and the expert alike. Two parts divide this handbook: Part I covers basic studies, and Part II addresses design, construction, and applications to magnetic storage devices and MEMS. Discussions include: surface physics and methods for physically and chemically characterizing solid surfaces roughness characterization and static contact models using fractal analysis sliding at the interface and friction on an atomic scale scratching and wear as a result of sliding nanofabrication/nanomachining as well as nano/picoindentation lubricants for minimizing friction and wear surface forces and microrheology of thin liquid films measurement of nanomechanical properties of surfaces and thin films atomic-scale simulations of interfacial phenomena micro/nanotribology and micro/nanomechanics of magnetic storage devices This comprehensive book contains 16 chapters contributed by more than 20 international researchers. In each chapter, the presentation starts with macroconcepts and then lead to microconcepts. With more than 500 illustrations and 50 tables, Handbook of Micro/Nanotribology covers the range of relevant topics, including characterization of solid surfaces, measurement techniques and applications, and theoretical modeling of interfaces. What's New in the Second Edition? New chapters on: AFM instrumentation Surface forces and adhesion Design and construction of magnetic storage devices Microdynamical devices and systems Mechanical properties of materials in microstructure Micro/nanotribology and micro/nanomechanics of MEMS devices
