Download or read book Probing Giant planet Forming Zones Around Solar like Stars with CO written by Mo Yu (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protoplanetary disks are dusty disks around young stars where planets are formed. The evolution and composition of protoplanetary disks determine the time, environments and materials available for planet formation. However fundamental properties of protoplanetary disks such as mass, composition, and the angular momentum transfer mechanism are poorly constrained by observations. In this dissertation, we discuss the thermal and chemical evolution of protoplanetary disks around Solar-type stars, and evaluate methods to measure two key parameters - disk mass and turbulent velocity in the framework of an evolving disk system. We first build a chemical evolution model based on an MRI-active disk around a Solar-type star, and discuss the chemical depletion of CO due to the formation of complex organic molecules (Chapter 2). We then investigate the challenges one faces when measuring disk masses with CO due to the chemical depletion of CO and optical depth effects (Chapter 3). We propose strategies to correct for the CO depletion effect and constrain the disk mass within factor of a few accuracy. We also investigate the possibility of constraining turbulent velocities with CO line profiles in Chapter 4. Peak-to-trough ratios of CO rotational lines have been proposed as a robust probe for turbulent velocity. However we show that the peak-to-trough ratio could vary by $25\%$ due uncertainties in effects of CO depletion. One would underestimate the degree of turbulence if the chemical depletion of CO is not properly accounted for.
Download or read book Exoplanet Science Strategy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has delivered remarkable discoveries in the study of exoplanets. Hand-in-hand with these advances, a theoretical understanding of the myriad of processes that dictate the formation and evolution of planets has matured, spurred on by the avalanche of unexpected discoveries. Appreciation of the factors that make a planet hospitable to life has grown in sophistication, as has understanding of the context for biosignatures, the remotely detectable aspects of a planet's atmosphere or surface that reveal the presence of life. Exoplanet Science Strategy highlights strategic priorities for large, coordinated efforts that will support the scientific goals of the broad exoplanet science community. This report outlines a strategic plan that will answer lingering questions through a combination of large, ambitious community-supported efforts and support for diverse, creative, community-driven investigator research.
Download or read book Vision and Voyages for Planetary Science in the Decade 2013 2022 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-01-30 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, planetary science has seen a tremendous growth in new knowledge. Deposits of water ice exist at the Moon's poles. Discoveries on the surface of Mars point to an early warm wet climate, and perhaps conditions under which life could have emerged. Liquid methane rain falls on Saturn's moon Titan, creating rivers, lakes, and geologic landscapes with uncanny resemblances to Earth's. Vision and Voyages for Planetary Science in the Decade 2013-2022 surveys the current state of knowledge of the solar system and recommends a suite of planetary science flagship missions for the decade 2013-2022 that could provide a steady stream of important new discoveries about the solar system. Research priorities defined in the report were selected through a rigorous review that included input from five expert panels. NASA's highest priority large mission should be the Mars Astrobiology Explorer Cacher (MAX-C), a mission to Mars that could help determine whether the planet ever supported life and could also help answer questions about its geologic and climatic history. Other projects should include a mission to Jupiter's icy moon Europa and its subsurface ocean, and the Uranus Orbiter and Probe mission to investigate that planet's interior structure, atmosphere, and composition. For medium-size missions, Vision and Voyages for Planetary Science in the Decade 2013-2022 recommends that NASA select two new missions to be included in its New Frontiers program, which explores the solar system with frequent, mid-size spacecraft missions. If NASA cannot stay within budget for any of these proposed flagship projects, it should focus on smaller, less expensive missions first. Vision and Voyages for Planetary Science in the Decade 2013-2022 suggests that the National Science Foundation expand its funding for existing laboratories and establish new facilities as needed. It also recommends that the program enlist the participation of international partners. This report is a vital resource for government agencies supporting space science, the planetary science community, and the public.
Download or read book Giant Planets of Our Solar System written by Patrick G. J. Irwin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-27 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current state of knowledge of the atmospheres of the four giant gaseous planets. It is the first book to contain all the latest data and background information on these planets in one handy volume. Current theories of their formation are reviewed. The book clearly explains all specialist terms, and it discusses the pros and cons of ground versus space-based observations of giant planets.
Download or read book Giant Planets of Our Solar System written by Patrick Irwin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current state of knowledge of the atmospheres of the giant gaseous planets: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The current theories of their formation are reviewed and their recently observed temperature, composition and cloud structures are contrasted and compared with simple thermodynamic, radiative transfer and dynamical models. The instruments and techniques that have been used to remotely measure their atmospheric properties are also reviewed, and the likely development of outer planet observations over the next two decades is outlined. This second edition has been extensively updated following the Cassini mission results for Jupiter/Saturn and the newest ground-based measurements for Uranus/Neptune as well as on the latest development in the theories on planet formation.
Download or read book Exoplanets and Alien Solar Systems written by Tahir Yaqoob and published by New Earth Labs. This book was released on 2011-11 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An unprecedented number of planets outside of the solar system have been found, with an explosion in the number of discoveries in recent years. Find out what has been happening in this rapidly advancing arena of human exploration, what these extrasolar planets are like, and why some traditional ideas face being thrown out.
Download or read book The Exoplanet Handbook written by Michael Perryman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-30 with total page 973 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the discovery of planets beyond our solar system 25 years ago, exoplanet research has expanded dramatically, with new state-of-the-art ground-based and space-based missions dedicated to their discovery and characterisation. With more than 3,500 exoplanets now known, the complexity of the discovery techniques, observations and physical characterisation have grown exponentially. This Handbook ties all these avenues of research together across a broad range of exoplanet science. Planet formation, exoplanet interiors and atmospheres, and habitability are discussed, providing in-depth coverage of our knowledge to date. Comprehensively updated from the first edition, it includes instrumental and observational developments, in-depth treatment of the new Kepler mission results and hot Jupiter atmospheric studies, and major updates on models of exoplanet formation. With extensive references to the research literature and appendices covering all individual exoplanet discoveries, it is a valuable reference to this exciting field for both incoming and established researchers.
Download or read book Planet Formation written by Wolfgang Brandner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-17 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When this book was published in 2006, it had been just over ten years since the first planet outside our solar system was detected. Since then, much work has focused on understanding how extrasolar planets may form, and discovering the frequency of potentially habitable Earth-like planets. This volume addresses fundamental questions concerning the formation of planetary systems in general, and of our solar system in particular. Drawing from advances in observational, experimental and theoretical research, it summarises our understanding of the planet formation processes, and addresses major open questions and research issues. Chapters are written by leading experts in the field of planet formation and extrasolar planet studies. The book is based on a meeting held at Ringberg Castle in Bavaria, where experts gathered together to present and exchange their ideas and findings. It is a comprehensive resource for graduate students and researchers, and is written to be accessible to newcomers to the field.
Download or read book Extrasolar Planets written by Stuart Clark and published by Wiley. This book was released on 1998-11-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extrasolar Planets The Search for New Worlds Stuart Clark There have recently been many exciting developments in the search for planetary-sized bodies orbiting Sun-like stars. This book provides a timely, readable, yet comprehensive overview of this fast moving field. It presents the very latest discoveries and ideas, and covers the wealth of new and important observational data. An increasing number of suspected planets outside our own Solar System are now being found, and many objects have been independently confirmed. Surprisingly, the extrasolar planets discovered so far display orbital properties more diverse than those found in the Solar System. The implication of these discoveries for theories of planet formation and the possibilities of life elsewhere makes this an exciting and important field. In Extrasolar Planets, Stuart Clark discusses the formation and evolution of stars, and the processes leading to the formation of protoplanetary discs, planetesimals, embryonic planets and complete planetary systems. He describes in detail the various techniques currently being employed for the detection of extrasolar planets, and the results of searches to date. The author reviews the evidence for all suspected extrasolar planets, and discusses the theoretical problems posed by giant planets with small orbital radii and those in highly eccentric orbits. Brown dwarfs and possible planets around pulsars are also explored. The 'habitable zone' is described in the context of extrasolar planets which might support life, and the book discusses future planned searches for extrasolar planets, including those designed to detect Earth-sized worlds. Readership: Undergraduate and postgraduate students of astronomy, astrophysics, planetary sciences, life sciences, space science, physics, biophysics and theoretical physics, and professional researchers in these fields. Amateur astronomers and non-specialists having an interest in planetary science in general and extrasolar planets in particular.
Download or read book Formation of Planets Around the Sun and Other Stars written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formation of Planets around the Sun and other stars. The quest to understand the formation of planets and planetary systems has entered an era of renaissance. Driven by observational discoveries in solar system exploration, protostellar disks, and extra solar planets, we have established a rich data bank which contains not only relic clues around mature stars, including the Sun, but also direct image of ongoing processes around young stars. For the first time in this scientific endeavor, we have adequate information to construct quantitative models to account for the ubiquity of planets and diversity of planetary systems. Some of the most intriguing theoretical questions facing us today include: a) how did the planets in the solar system form with their present-day mass, composition, and orbital elements, b) is planet formation a deterministic or chaotic process, and c) what are the observable signatures of planet formation and evolution around nearby young and mature stars? I will present a comprehensive scenario which suggests a) gas giant planets formed through coagulation of planetsimals and gas accretion onto earth-like cores; b) the final assemblage of the terrestrial planets in the solar system occurred through the propagation of Jupiter's secular resonance 4-30 Myrs after the emergence of the gas giant; and c) although they are yet to be discovered, Earth-like planets are expected to be common around nearby stars.
Download or read book The Size Composition and Surface Features of the Planets Orbiting the Sun written by Ellen Foxxe and published by The Rosen Publishing Group. This book was released on 2006 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This anthology provides insight into some of the more recent information that has been gathered by scientists about the planets in our solar system. Is there water on Mars? Is Pluto really a planet? What do surfaces of the planets farthest from the Sun look like? The cutting-edge collection of articles on these topics is an excellent source of the latest information on this fascinating subject.
Download or read book Gas in the Terrestrial Planet Region of Disks CO Fundamental Emission from T Tauri Stars written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We report the results of a high-resolution spectroscopic survey for CO fundamental emission from T Tauri stars. CO fundamental emission is frequently detected, with the likely origin of the emission in the circumstellar disk. An initial assessment of the line profiles indicates that the emission region includes the equivalent of the terrestrial planet region of our solar system, a result that suggests the utility of CO fundamental emission as a probe of disks at planet formation distances. Since fundamental emission is detected frequently from both close binary and apparently single stars, it appears that both low column density regions, such as disk gaps, and temperature inversion regions in disk atmospheres can produce significant emission. The estimated excitation temperature of the emitting gas is unexpectedly warm for the disk radii that they appear to probe. Thus, the surface gaseous component of inner disks may be significantly warmer than the surface dust component. We also detect CO emission from a transitional T Tauri star. Because fundamental emission from CO and its isotopes is sensitive to a wide range of gas masses, CO fundamental emission may prove useful in measuring the residual gas content of dissipating disks. This may be an effective way to explore the gas dissipation timescale in inner disks and to thereby place constraints on the timescale for giant planet formation.
Download or read book Reports of Planetary Astronomy 1991 written by United States. Office of Space Science and Applications and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs written by Rafael Rebolo and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-11-27 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a state-of-the-art review of our current knowledge of brown dwarfs and very low-mass stars. The hunt for and study of these elusive objects is currently one of the most dynamic areas of research in astronomy for two reasons. Brown dwarfs bridge the gap between stars and planets, and they may constitute an important part of the 'dark matter' of the Universe. This volume presents review articles from a team of international authorities who gathered at a conference in La Palma to assess the spectacular progress that has been made in this field in the last few years.
Download or read book Reports of Planetary Astronomy 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ultraviolet Astronomy and the Quest for the Origin of Life written by Ana I. Gomez de Castro and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-03-27 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultraviolet Astronomy and the Quest for the Origin of Life addresses the use of astronomical observations in the ultraviolet range to better understand the generation of complex, life-precursor molecules. The origin of RNA is still under debate but seems to be related to the generation of pools of complex organic molecules submitted to heavy cycles of solution in water and drying. This book investigates whether these cycles require a planetary surface or may occur in space by examining both the theoretical and observational aspects of the role of UV radiation in the origin of life. This book offers the latest advances in these studies for astronomers, astrobiologists and planetary scientists. Addresses both the theoretical and observational aspects of the role of Ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the origin of life Builds on the requirements to produce prebiotic molecules in space and the implications for the origin of RNA Investigates the use of ultraviolet observations related to planetary system formation, the evolution of young planetary disks, and the interaction of stars with planetary atmospheres
Download or read book Beam Line written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
