Download or read book The Memoranda of Understanding Between the U S and China Regarding Prison Labor written by Createspace Independent Pub and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-08-04 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many human rights groups allege that the use of forced labor is a common and established practice in China. They assert that products of this forced labor are exported to other countries and that a substantial portion is sent to the United States. The Commission heard testimony that prisoners in China are incarcerated for their political views or because of their religious beliefs. Human rights groups have reported that conditions in the forced labor facilities are brutal, that medical care is poor and that workplace conditions are generally exhausting and dangerous. According to the Laogai Research Foundation, China's prison systems (Laogai) are an integral part of the national economy. That Foundation claims to have documented nearly 100-forced labor camps, producing $800 million in sales, and contends that the number of such camps probably numbers well over 1,000. It further contends that goods from Laogai are being imported into the U.S. The Chinese government maintains that products made by forced labor are not exported from China to the United States.
Download or read book Forced Labor in China written by Christopher H. Smith and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1999-04 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hearings about the continued production of goods by forced labor in prisons and in the Laogai, the so-called reform-through-labor camps, maintained by the Government of China. Chinese labor camps house countless prisoners of conscience, political dissidents, and religious believers. Camp inmates are subjected to brainwashing, torture and forced labor. Witnesses include Harry Wu, Laogai Research Foundation; Fu Shengqi, Chinese dissident and Laogai survivor; Maranda Yen Shieh, Greater Wash. Network for Democracy in China; Peter Levy, Labelon/Noesting Co.; and Jeffrey Fiedler, Food and Allied Service Trades Dept. AFL-CIO.
Download or read book Prison Labor in China written by Asia Watch Committee (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Great Wall of Confinement written by Philip F. Williams and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2004-08-17 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "China is so big and so diverse that, as in the proverbial blind man touching an elephant, contemporary descriptions that vary dramatically can all be true. Few visitors to glittering Shanghai of Shenzhen, for example, will get any impression of the gaping gray maw of the government's prison camp system that Philip Williams and Yenna Wu, basing themselves on a vast range of Chinese sources, illuminate in erudite detail. The authors look at every facet of the camps, place them within China's historical tradition, and compare them with modern analogues. Throughout, literary and autobiographical sources give the 'feel' for the deadening world of the camps."—Perry Link, author of The Uses of Literature: Life in the Socialist Chinese Literary System "The Great Wall of Confinement deals with issues ranging from the legal grounding—or the lack of any—of the Chinese concentration camp system, to its technical implementation, its discursive manifestation, and its physical as well as psychological impact. A book like this is long overdue. With this work, Williams and Wu have made an important contribution to the fields of Chinese legal and literary studies."—David Der-wei Wang, author of The Monster That Is History "The Great Wall of Confinement is an excellent book. It synthesizes an already significant corpus of writings on Chinese prisons and labor camps, marshals an array of literary sources as essential historical source materials, and compares the literature of Chinese incarceration with its Soviet and European counterparts. The value of this important study stems equally from its tone—a rare combination of a level-headed quality with a very fine sensitivity to the human tragedy recounted in this literature."—Jean-Luc Domenach, author of Où va la Chine? (Where does China Go?) "The Great Wall of Confinement has attempted to lift part of the veil on China's long lasting tragedy: the use of imprisonment, torture, forced labor against its citizens, whether criminals, feeble minded or simply political opponents. The angle is new; the question is to find out how Chinese have written on this subject, whether in fiction or reportage, the way they went about telling their stories, how much they said, or withheld. Through Philip Willams and Yenna Wu's thought-provoking analysis of such writings, of the cultural origins of forced labor and imprisonment in imperial and Communist China, one comes closer to this sinister reality, which remains to this day one of the best kept secrets of our planet."—Marie Holzman, President of the Association Solidarité Chine
Download or read book Chinese Prisons written by Commission on Extraterritoriality in China and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Ghosts Old Ghosts Prisons and Labor Reform Camps in China written by James D. Seymour and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much has been written about the laogai (sometimes likened to the Soviet gulag) in the People's Republic of China. Depending on the source, the prisons are described as nonexistent, enlightened institutions, or hellish places that subject the inmates to degradation and misery. The system is commonly thought of (by admirers and critics alike) as having a measurable impact on the national economy and providing significant resources to the state. Based on research in classified documents and extensive interviews with former prisoners, judicial personnel, and other insiders, and featuring case studies dealing with the three northwestern provinces, this book examines such assertions on the basis of the facts about this underexamined subject in order to arrive at a detailed, objective, and realistic picture of the situation. In the case of each province under study, the authors discuss the history of the provincial prison system and the impact that each has had at the macro, meso, and micro levels.
Download or read book U S Implementation of Prison Labor Agreements with China written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Made in China written by Anna Qu and published by Catapult. This book was released on 2021-08-03 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A young girl forced to work in a Queens sweatshop calls child services on her mother in this powerful debut memoir about labor and self-worth that traces a Chinese immigrant's journey to an American future. As a teen, Anna Qu is sent by her mother to work in her family's garment factory in Queens. At home, she is treated as a maid and suffers punishment for doing her homework at night. Her mother wants to teach her a lesson: she is Chinese, not American, and such is their tough path in their new country. But instead of acquiescing, Qu alerts the Office of Children and Family Services, an act with consequences that impact the rest of her life. Nearly twenty years later, estranged from her mother and working at a Manhattan start-up, Qu requests her OCFS report. When it arrives, key details are wrong. Faced with this false narrative, and on the brink of losing her job as the once-shiny start-up collapses, Qu looks once more at her life's truths, from abandonment to an abusive family to seeking dignity and meaning in work. Traveling from Wenzhou to Xi'an to New York, Made in China is a fierce memoir unafraid to ask thorny questions about trauma and survival in immigrant families, the meaning of work, and the costs of immigration.
Download or read book Prison Labor Exports from China and Implications for U S Policy written by John Dotson and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-08-03 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission's examination in 2008 of prison labor issues in the People's Republic of China (PRC), there has been little substantive reduction in the scale and scope of China's broad network of prison labor facilities. These facilities, led by local officials, continue to produce goods intended for export on a potentially large scale, in violation of U.S.-China agreements on the exports of prison labor goods to the United States. Although U.S. representatives in Beijing have continued to engage with their Chinese counterparts regarding suspected prison manufacturing facilities, the pattern of long delays and minimal cooperation by officials in the PRC Ministry of Prisons persists. Further, it is unclear whether the recent abolition of "reeducation through labor" (RTL) and reported release of up to tens of thousands of prisoners will have a significant impact on the prison labor system and export of prison labor products.
Download or read book U S China Trade written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forced Labor in China written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on International Operations and Human Rights and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chinese Forced Labor Exports to the United States written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Human Rights and International Organizations and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forced Labor in China written by United States. Congressional-Executive Commission on China and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laogai written by Hongda H. Wu and published by . This book was released on 1999-07 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wu, himself a prisoner in the Chinese laogai (forced labor camps) for 19 years, presents a well-documented analysis of the several thousand laogai where an estimated 16-20 million Chinese, perhaps 10% of them political offenders, labor on prison farms, and in factories and workshops, in a harsh atmosphere permeated by sadism, torture, and malnutrition. He provides the most comprehensive documentation of where and how China handles its prisons, and of the part played by prison labor -- a source of reliable and cheap production -- in China1s surge into the international market economy. Illustrated.
Download or read book On Legitimacy written by MAO-HONG LIN and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dissertation is centered on the dispute over the prison-enterprise dichotomy in the discourse of CCP administration and the scholarly discussion resulted from the financial crisis of the Chinese prison system in 2003. The official statements and the relevant studies by Chinese scholars have demonstrated their endogenous limitations that the prison system in China needs to be either in the form of combination of prison and enterprise or in the form of their separation for adapting itself to the tremendous shift in the state's economic structure. Instead, setting off from a viewpoint of the school of punishment and society, the dissertation aims to take the historical, economic, legal and political parameters into consideration and then to unveil the full picture of penal labor camps in the Chinese socialist society. The dissertation employs a historical institutionist approach as the main theoretical backbone, trying to clarify the formation and development of the carceral mechanism from an economic point of view and to match the carceral strategies utilized by the state with the CCP regime's legitimation plans in different periods of time. The dissertation finds that the prison system functioned with other social institutions as a massive social control mechanism in the pre-reform age; its orientation of special state-owned enterprise and its usage of forced labor as punishment made itself a prison-labor complex that allowed it to stand the following grand transformation in the economic structure. When in the post-reform era the prison system moved towards three distinct directions: its economic role was emphasized, its organization was restructured for the economic adjustments, and it underwent a large-scale legal reform. Finally, the dissertation finds that these changes of the prison system over time can be placed on the trajectory of the CCP's legitimation plans when the CCP regime faced crises in different periods.
Download or read book Made in the Chinese Laogai written by Steven W. Mosher and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S China Trade written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GAO reviewed issues regarding the memorandum of understanding between the U.S. and China that prohibits the import of goods made with Chinese prison labor, focusing on the: (1) Customs Service's assessment of China's compliance; and (2) government's ability to obtain information sufficient to enforce the agreement. GAO found that: (1) while China had not sufficiently demonstrated a willingness to meet its responsibilities under the agreement, Customs reported more recent signs of cooperation; (2) China recently signed an implementation agreement that could enhance mutual compliance and increase Customs' ability to visit prisons suspected of producing goods for export; (3) recordkeeping practices in China's prison system may inhibit its ability to comply with the agreement; (4) recently Customs has succeeded in obtaining information sufficient to make administrative determinations regarding potential prison-labor goods; (5) the Department of Justice was concerned that it might not get sufficient information to cost-effectively defend Customs' decisions; (6) Justice attorneys must produce information before the U.S. Court of International Trade (CIT) to defend Customs determinations to exclude apparent prison-labor imports; (7) in December 1994, a CIT decision that affirmed a Customs finding was upheld for the first time; and (8) Justice officials are concerned that its ability to sustain Customs' findings may be inhibited because much of the information necessary to uphold Customs' findings is no longer published in China.
