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Book Principles of Organic and Physiological Chemistry  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Principles of Organic and Physiological Chemistry Classic Reprint written by Carl Lowig and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-09-16 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Principles of Organic and Physiological Chemistry It is scarcely necessary to say that, in this work, degrees of temperature invariably refer to the centigrade thermometer. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Principles of Organic and Physiological Chemistry

Download or read book Principles of Organic and Physiological Chemistry written by Carl Löwig and published by . This book was released on 1853 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Principles of Organic Chemistry  Classic Reprint

Download or read book The Principles of Organic Chemistry Classic Reprint written by James Flack Norris and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Principles of Organic Chemistry The renewed interest in the application of organic compounds in warfare has led to the description of the more important war gases and the new explosives. The consideration of the chemis try of the fats, carbohydrates, and proteins has been extended to include the physiological aspects of the subject. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Practical Physiological Chemistry  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Practical Physiological Chemistry Classic Reprint written by Robert Henry Aders Plimmer and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Practical Physiological Chemistry This book was originally compiled as a handbook for prae tical work in Physiological Chemistry at University College, London, since no single text or class book covered the complete course, or treated Physiological Chemistry as part of the subject of Organic Chemistry, or even as an in dependent subject. The present book must still be regarded mainly as a compilation. It represents an attempt to give to the worker a nearly complete statement of the whole subject. Each section has a short explanatory summary of the essential points, so as to connect the various sections together. The essential points are illustrated by the practical experiments, which are printed in different type. The illustrations are also compiled from various sources. These are mentioned underneath each figure. The illustra tions of apparatus not so mentioned have been drawn from my own sketches. For those of the osazone crystals, haemin, and tyrosine, I am indebted to Miss V. G. Sheffield, who has also kindly helped in reading the proof sheets. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Medical Chemistry

    Book Details:
  • Author : Charles Gilbert Wheeler
  • Publisher : Forgotten Books
  • Release : 2017-09-16
  • ISBN : 9781528163033
  • Pages : 428 pages

Download or read book Medical Chemistry written by Charles Gilbert Wheeler and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-09-16 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Medical Chemistry: Including the Outlines of Organic and Physiological Chemistry; Based in Part Upon Riche's Manual De Chimie Where the excerpta have been from journals of too recent issue to be found in standard authors, a reference in brackets has been made to the original source. Of the three series of numbers thus employed, the first has reference to the list of journals given at the close Of this work, the second usually refers to the number of the volume, though sometimes to the year, the third indicates the page. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book A Text Book of Physiological Chemistry  for Students of Medicine  Classic Reprint

Download or read book A Text Book of Physiological Chemistry for Students of Medicine Classic Reprint written by John Harper Long and published by . This book was released on 2015-06-28 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from A d104-Book of Physiological Chemistry, for Students of Medicine In the following pages I have attempted to present a brief account of the important principles of physiological chemistry in a form suitable for the use of medical students who may be assumed to have completed courses in the elements of general inorganic and organic chemistry. From the very necessities of the case a work of this character, dealing with many topics in an elementary way, must be largely a compilation; in the selection of material, besides consulting the standard hand books, I have made free use of the recent monographs by Cohnheim. Effront and Oppenheimer, as well as of numerous articles in the Zeitschrift fur physiologische Chemie, the Beitrage zur chemischen Physiologie und Pathologie and other journals. As the book is intended for beginners I have not thought it necessary to make any special quotations of literature references. In addition to the usual topics of discussion in elementary works on physiological chemistry I have given an outline of the chemical phases of the recent theories of immunity, and a short explanation of the important applications of the methods of cryoscopy and electrical conductivity, and other physical processes, in the field of chemistry related to medicine. Work in these latter lines must soon become a part of the laboratory training of medical students. A considerable number of illustrative experiments are given in the text, but distinguished by being printed in smaller type. These experiments are sufficiently numerous and comprehensive to serve the purpose of a laboratory course parallel with the general course. In the work of proofreading I have received very material assistance from my colleague, Dr. W. H. Buhlig, to whom my sincere thanks are due. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works."

Book Text Book of Chemistry

    Book Details:
  • Author : R. A. Witthaus
  • Publisher : Forgotten Books
  • Release : 2017-12
  • ISBN : 9780332328324
  • Pages : 496 pages

Download or read book Text Book of Chemistry written by R. A. Witthaus and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-12 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from d104-Book of Chemistry: Inorganic and Organic With Toxicology, for Students of Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry and Biology In the preface to the earlier editions of this book the author clearly specified its Scope and purpose. The general plan of the work remains unaltered, and may be indicated by the following extracts from the preface to the sixth edition. The main purpose of the section on inorganic chemistry is to supply certain data which shall serve as the text upon which to discuss the general principles of chemistry. It is the Opinion of the author that the object of chemical teaching should not be to lay up in the memory of the student a store of isolated facts, but rather to train his mind in those general principles by which he may reason out chemical problems for himself. If a teacher of chemistry to medical students aim merely to supply them with chemical facts, he and they are fore ordained to disappointment, but if the student be led to think in chemistry, ' the success and possible extent of the teaching, both in the fundamentals and in the superstructure of organic and physio logical chemistry, which can be attained, will be surprising and delightful to both instructor and pupil. And in this connection it must be said that the order of consideration of the several subjects which has been here followed, because it is logical, is not recommended in the teaching of students. The study should begin with that of a few elements and compounds, the consideration of the general physical and chemical principles being taken up as material for their discussion is supplied. The section on organic chemistry has been rearranged in the light of further information upon the relationship of substances, and somewhat extended, the prominence given to this branch of the subject the author believes to be justified, notwithstanding its intricacy and the impossibility of teaching it satisfactorily to those not well grounded in general chemistry, because of the intimate connection of organic chemistry with physiology and with modern pharmacy, and the impossibility of the comprehension of the problems of animal and pharmaceutical chemistry without the possession of an adequate knowledge of the principles of organic chemistry. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book A Text Book of Physiological Chemistry  Classic Reprint

Download or read book A Text Book of Physiological Chemistry Classic Reprint written by Olof Hammarsten and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-16 with total page 1042 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from A Text-Book of Physiological Chemistry The revision of this edition has been accomplished With the'collabora tion of Professor S. G. Hedin, and the work has been divided so that Hedin has revised Chapters I III, VIII, X11 and XVI, besides the Index of Authors, while Hammarsten has revised Chapters 11, IV, V, VI, VII, IX, X, XI, XIII, XIV, XV, and XVII, besides the General Index. The numerous recent developments in physiological chemistry have made a thorough revision and reconstruction necessary in all the chapters, and in order to prevent a noticeable increase in the size of the work, it was also necessary to change the arrangement of the foot-notes more economically The number of chapters in this edition is XVII instead of XVIII as in the seventh edition, because for several reasons it was found advisable to combine the first two chapters of the seventh edition into one chapter, and at the same time certain parts of the first chapter have been incorporated into other chapters, thus for example the oxidation processes have been introduced into Chapter XVI (on respiration and oxidation). In general. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Text Book of Chemistry

    Book Details:
  • Author : R. A. Witthaus
  • Publisher : Forgotten Books
  • Release : 2015-06-25
  • ISBN : 9781330383735
  • Pages : 497 pages

Download or read book Text Book of Chemistry written by R. A. Witthaus and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Text-Book of Chemistry: Inorganic and Organic With Toxicology, for Students of Medicine, Pharmacy, Dentistry and Biology In the preface to the earlier editions of this book the author clearly specified its scope and purpose. The general plan of the work remains unaltered, and may be indicated by the following extracts from the preface to the sixth edition. "The main purpose of the section on inorganic chemistry is to supply certain data which shall serve as the text upon which to discuss the general principles of chemistry. It is the opinion of the author that the object of chemical teaching should not be to lay up in the memory of the student a store of isolated facts, but rather to train his mind in those general principles by which he may reason out chemical problems for himself. If a teacher of chemistry to medical students aim merely to supply them with chemical facts, he and they are foreordained to disappointment, but if the student be led to 'think in chemistry,' the success and possible extent of the teaching, both in the fundamentals and in the superstructure of organic and physiological chemistry, which can be attained, will be surprising and delightful to both instructor and pupil. And in this connection it must be said that the order of consideration of the several subjects which has been here followed, because it is logical, is not recommended in the teaching of students. The study should begin with that of a few elements and compounds, the consideration of the general physical and chemical principles being taken up as material for their discussion is supplied. "The section on organic chemistry has been rearranged in the light of further information upon the relationship of substances, and somewhat extended, the prominence given to this branch of the subject the author believes to be justified, notwithstanding its intricacy and the impossibility of teaching it satisfactorily to those not well grounded in general chemistry, because of the intimate connection of organic chemistry with physiology and with modern pharmacy, and the impossibility of the comprehension of the problems of animal and pharmaceutical chemistry without the possession of an adequate knowledge of the principles of organic chemistry." About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Text Book of Physiological Chemistry in Thirty Lectures  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Text Book of Physiological Chemistry in Thirty Lectures Classic Reprint written by Emil Abderhalden and published by . This book was released on 2015-08-07 with total page 756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Text-Book of Physiological Chemistry in Thirty Lectures The following lectures are not intended to embrace all the results of physiological-chemical investigation. On the contrary, the aim has been to discuss only those discoveries which are known to be of general interest and importance. All isolated facts, of however great significance for the individual investigator in the field, of which the value is not fully established and where the connection to other observations is not clearly known, have been intentionally omitted. The lectures should lead to individual thought and serve to incite further investigation and at the same time give one a general survey of the field covered by physiological chemistry. Corresponding to this purpose, great care has been used with regard to selecting the literature upon which the lectures are based. It is evident that within the space allotted only a limited number of researches could be cited. The "Zentralblatter" with their abstracts and especially Asho and Spiro's "Ergebnisse der Physiologie" must serve to fill in the gaps. Methods and descriptions of individual compounds arc not discussed in detail. It is not possible for any one to work well from brief descriptions. Practical laboratory experience is necessary, and cannot be replaced by anything else. The reader is referred to Felix Hoppe-Seyler's "Handbuch der physiologisch-cherai-schen Analyse" for all such particulars. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Manual of Practical Medical and Physiological Chemistry  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Manual of Practical Medical and Physiological Chemistry Classic Reprint written by Charles E. Pellew and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-12-18 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Manual of Practical Medical and Physiological Chemistry Occurrence - The name Carbohydrate has been given to a very important series of Proximate Principles, found chiefly in the vegetable kingdom, where they compose by far the greater bulk of the plant tissue, but also found in smaller quantities in the animal kingdom. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book TEXT BOOK OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY  FOR STUDENTS OF MEDICINE  LARGE TEXT CLASSIC REPRINT

Download or read book TEXT BOOK OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY FOR STUDENTS OF MEDICINE LARGE TEXT CLASSIC REPRINT written by JOHN HARPER. LONG and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Essentials of Chemical Physiology for the Use of Students  Classic Reprint

Download or read book The Essentials of Chemical Physiology for the Use of Students Classic Reprint written by William Dobinson Halliburton and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-09-16 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Essentials of Chemical Physiology for the Use of Students Chemical Physiology is a branch of physiological science which deals with the chemical composition of the body and the part played by the various substances found there in carrying out the phenomena of life. It thus differs from Physiological Chemistry, which is a branch of organic chemistry, and treats of the chemical composition and reactions of physiological substances. These two subjects are Closely interwoven, and this book really deals with both, although special prominence will be given to their physiological aspect. The substances found in the body are numerous, and in most cases complex; the majority of the foods from which the body is built up are equally elaborate, for animals do not possess to such an extent as plants do the power of building up complex from simple materials. The elements found in the body are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, phosphorus, fluorine, Chlorine, iodine, Silicon, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, lithium, iron, and occasionally manganese, copper, and lead. Of these very few occur in the free state. Oxygen and nitrogen (to a small extent) are found dissolved in the blood-plasma; hydrogen is formed by putrefaction in the alimentary canal. With some few exceptions such as these, the elements enumerated above are found combined with one another to form compounds. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Directions for a Practical Course in Chemical Physiology  Classic Reprint

Download or read book Directions for a Practical Course in Chemical Physiology Classic Reprint written by William Cramer and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-08-04 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Directions for a Practical Course in Chemical Physiology In writing this book for the use of medical students the author has departed from the method usually followed. The subject matter is practically limited to experiments and deductions from the experiments, and is not meant to supply the full and ordered information obtainable from a text-book of physiological chemistry. The arrangement of the work differs from that generally followed, in that the student is at the outset provided with substances familiar to him, such as a potato, an egg, lard, butter, etc. From these he prepares, by simple chemical manipulations, the proximate constituents and their decomposition products, and studies their chemical reactions and physical properties. In this way he is introduced to the subject without interposing complex chemical conceptions, which the usual arrangement of dividing the subject into the study of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins necessarily involves. In teaching practical physiological chemistry to students, who have had only an elementary training in organic chemistry, it seems on the whole more satisfactory and more scientific to impose no tax on the faith of the pupil, even if the work covered is less comprehensive than it might otherwise be. The knowledge acquired in such a course as outlined in this book is at least real, and questions beyond the scope of personal demonstrations by the student may well be left to treatment in lectures. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book A Text Book of Physiological Chemistry

Download or read book A Text Book of Physiological Chemistry written by Charles E. Simon and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-07-04 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from A Text-Book of Physiological Chemistry: For Students of Medicine and Physicians To my friend, Mr. Charles Glaser, of Baltimore, I wish to express my sincere thanks for many valuable suggestions and aid in the revision of the manuscript. To Messrs. Lea Bros. Co. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Medical Chemistry

    Book Details:
  • Author : Charles Gilbert Wheeler
  • Publisher : Forgotten Books
  • Release : 2015-06-26
  • ISBN : 9781330205792
  • Pages : 428 pages

Download or read book Medical Chemistry written by Charles Gilbert Wheeler and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-26 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Medical Chemistry: Including the Outlines of Organic and Physiological Chemistry; Based in Part Upon Riche's Manual De Chimie Medical chemistry has not as yet secured in American colleges sufficiently pronounced attention to create a demand for text-books of considerable size or extended scope. In these simple Outlines, therefore, no more has been attempted than this circumstance would appear to warrant. It is hoped that the necessary conciseness in method and form of expression has not resulted in any important sacrifice of perspicuity in thought or arrangement. It would have been easier to prepare a larger work. From the bewildering wealth of results afforded by the labors of investigators in this branch of science, the appropriate selection of that suited to the wants of students was by no means an easy task. It is assumed in these Outlines that those entering upon the study of Medical Chemistry have previously made themselves acquainted with Inorganic Chemistry as taught by some recent author, such as Miller or Barker, or have at least become familiar with the general principles of modern chemical philosophy. The author taking this for granted, has not, therefore, encumbered the work with a restatement of that which appertains to the theory of chemistry in general. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Book Physiological Chemistry

    Book Details:
  • Author : Albert P. Mathews
  • Publisher : Forgotten Books
  • Release : 2017-10-23
  • ISBN : 9781527636255
  • Pages : 1056 pages

Download or read book Physiological Chemistry written by Albert P. Mathews and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-23 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Physiological Chemistry: A d104-Book and Manual for StudentsIn the third edition the practical part has been rearranged, largely rewritten, many new and important methods, much as those of blood analysis, have been added, and many revisions made in the text required by the development of knowledge since the second edition was published. This revision has been most extensive in the chapter on vitamines.About the PublisherForgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.comThis book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.