Download or read book Pricing Strategies in a Dual Channel Green Closed Loop Supply Chain Considering Incentivized Recycling and Circular Economy written by Behrooz Khorshidvand and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, we examine multi-level, dual-channel green closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) that incorporates circular economy (CE) principles. We focus on the implementation of an incentive-based recycling program for customers, and the investigation of various CLSC settings, such as centralized, decentralized, and collaborative, to determine the optimal equilibrium prices, greening levels, and advertising strategies. A unique contribution of this study is the simultaneous consideration of greening and incentivized recycling, which is a crucial aspect in today's environmental-conscious era. We formulate demand functions to incorporate price elasticity, greenness, and advertising under various strategies. The performance of these models is evaluated using multiple numerical examples and a case study from the clothing industry. Our findings indicate that a collaborative approach outperforms decentralization in terms of greening level and that this approach ensures the profitability of both members and the entire supply chain. Furthermore, our study suggests that centralization does not guarantee the maximum profitability of members, even though the entire chain attains its profit peak. This highlights the importance of considering the trade-offs between centralization and decentralization when designing CLSCs. We provide valuable insights for managers and policymakers to improve CLSC design and performance.
Download or read book Proceedings of Industrial Engineering and Management written by Chen-Fu Chien and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pricing Strategy of a Leased Product When Carbon Emission is Considered in a Closed Loop Green Supply Chain written by and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contracting Green Product Supply Chains Considering Marketing Efforts in the Circular Economy Era written by Guo Li and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Green product design is an effective instrument for achieving a circular economy. Topromote green product development, downstream retailers often enter into contracts with upstreammanufacturers and market green products. This study considers a decentralized green product supply chain comprising of a manufacturer and a retailer, who determine the green level of the product and the exerted marketing effort level, respectively. We specifically consider two widely-adopted contracting formats: contracting designing (CD) and contracting marketing (CM). Under CD format, we examine three contract strategies for such the green product supply chain, namely, price-only (Strategy PO), cost-sharing (Strategy CS), and revenue-sharing (Strategy RS) game models. By comparing these strategies, we find that product greening level enhancement can benefit firms when the marketing effort effect is high or low. However, when the marketing effort effect is moderate, product greening level improvement does not necessarily lead to higher payoffs for firms. Furthermore, the equilibrium strategy for the manufacturer and retailer is either Strategy CS or RS depending on certain conditions. Specifically, when the marketing effort effect is low, the manufacturer and retailer prefer Strategy RS. On the contrary, when the marketing effort effect is high, Strategy CS is the equilibrium strategy for the manufacturer and retailer. We also investigate the corresponding contracts under CM format. Interestingly, compared with CM format, the whole supply chain always benefits more under CD format. We further extend to the case that the retailer is risk averse, and the whole supply chain can still be better off with cost-sharing contract under CD format in certain conditions. In addition, we find that the retailer's risk aversion behavior may improve the performance of the whole supply chain under CD and CM formats. Our results not only complement the conventional understanding of supply chain contract theory, but also generate important managerial implications for managers in implementing green operation strategies by choosing the appropriate contracting format and corresponding contract.
Download or read book From Zero Waste to Material Closed Loop written by Jianming Yang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-22 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book interprets the economic benefits and social benefits brought about by zero waste. Beginning with the general history of waste, its mechanism and different categories, this book first explores waste management and resourcing technology around the world nowadays. It then elaborates on the concept and practices of zero waste, discussing about the relationship between zero waste and eco-design, and about relative international standards. At last, it points out that zero waste could be the pathway from linear economy to circular economy, backed up by theories and practices. This book offers a clear direction for companies and organizations about environment. It can also be used as a sustainable development strategy handbook for executives in companies and organizations.
Download or read book Source Separation and Recycling written by Roman Maletz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-07 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Source separation of waste and subsequent recycling processes are promising solutions on the road to a circular economy. They reduce waste disposal and the need for resource deployment, while also producing secondary raw materials; as such, they have a significant effect on climate protection. This book presents source separation technologies and related aspects that form the basis for efficient recycling and a modern approach to waste management. It examines legislational drivers and policy aspects of adequate waste collection schemes, as well as segregation technologies and the success factors for their implementation. Summarizing the outcomes of a Sino-German workshop, the focus of this volume is mainly on the current situation in China and Germany. However, the findings are applicable to a broad range of situations and regions around the world. In addition, the book demonstrates the relevance of source separation for climate protection and describes alternative separation technologies. Given the breadth and depth of its coverage, the volume will appeal to environmental scientists, engineers, economists, waste managers and policymakers alike.
Download or read book Business Models for the Circular Economy Opportunities and Challenges for Policy written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-04-03 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural resources, and the materials derived from them, represent the physical basis for the economic system. Recent decades have witnessed an unprecedented growth in demand for these resources, which has triggered interest from policy makers in transitioning to a more resource efficient and ...
Download or read book First Mile Approaches to Closing the Loop of Supply Chain written by Fekade Shewaye Abayneh and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-11-03 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today's business environment, life of consumer products have become shorter and shorter. Rapid advancement of technologies, change in consumer's tastes and preferences, and changes in business models are some of the forces behind shortened product's life. These factors have caused societies to produce huge amount of wastes, contribute towards rapid depletion of resources, and causing serious damage to the environment. Thus, the question as to what will happen to end of use and end of life consumer products is an issue that has both environmental and economic implications. This book addresses the possibilities of first steps of reverse logistics supply chain for circular economy from consumers to businesses and close the loop of textile supply chain in order to recapture values and reduce demand for virgin resources thereby contribute towards minimizing the amount of textile clothing that ends up in landfills every year. Models are developed for estimating total system cost, total CO2 emissions and cost of acquiring a kilogram of textile products in a given set of conditions, considering different collecting methods during the design and implementation of reverse logistics.
Download or read book Fairness Concerns and Risk Aversion on Recycle Pricing Strategies written by Jianhong He and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Economic and Environmental Sustainability of Dual Sourcing written by Heidrun Rosič and published by Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften. This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supply chains consist of all processes which are needed in order to supply customers with the required products. This book shows how the performance of supply chains can be evaluated considering both economic and environmental criteria. It deals with dual sourcing in the context of the newsvendor model.
Download or read book Effects of Information Asymmetry on Green Promotion for Remanufacturing in a Closed Loop Supply Chain written by Senlin ZHAO and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, manufacturers have engaged in remanufacturing as a potential opportunity to effectively establish a green image. Many of these manufacturers make green promotion efforts (GPEs), marketing the green achievements of remanufacturing in order to improve their green image to attract more consumers. In many cases, manufacturers often outsource collection activities of used products for remanufacturing to third-party collectors (3PCs). Obviously, since a manufacturer's GPE improves consumer demand, both the manufacturer and the 3PC can benefit from the GPE. However, GPE effectiveness, the effect of the GPE on consumer demand, is typically the manufacturer's private information. When the 3PC lacks this information, the 3PC may set up unreasonable prices for remanufacturable used products. Thus, the main issue for the 3PC is how to find ways to obtain the manufacturer's GPE effectiveness information. In our paper, we consider a closed-loop supply chain that consists of one manufacturer and one 3PC where the manufacturer makes GPE and purchases used products from the 3PC. We separately discuss the decisions of the manufacturer and the 3PC under three decision-making scenarios: the centralized scenario, the complete information scenario, and the asymmetric information scenario. Specifically, under asymmetric information, we explore how the 3PC designs a two-part tariff (TPT) contract menu to reveal the manufacturer's GPE effectiveness. Our research results show that, surprisingly, under information asymmetry, the manufacturer with high GPE effectiveness (H-type manufacturer) tends to pretend to be the manufacturer with low GPE effectiveness (L-type manufacturer). In this case, the H-type manufacturer obtains extra profit due to information asymmetry. However, for the 3PC, information asymmetry reduces its expected profit if the manufacturer has high GPE effectiveness and increases its expected profit if the manufacturer has low GPE effectiveness. Finally, we reveal that information asymmetry does not always hurt consumer surplus.
Download or read book The Impact of an Uncertain Supply of Recycled Materials on Symbiotic Supply Chains written by Lifan Yang and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering the uncertainty of the amount of recycled material in symbiotic supply chains, this paper concentrates on the price and quantity decisions of members in symbiotic supply chains and the resulting economic and environmental impacts. We derive optimal solutions for the manufacturer and the symbiotic supplier. In addition, we obtain conditions for different degrees of symbiosis by comparing various decisions. Our analysis suggests that the decisions of all stakeholders are affected by a combination of effective purchasing costs per unit and factors internal and external to the enterprise. That is, both technology and markets influence the level of symbiosis. A complete symbiosis model is established when the unit effective purchase cost of the recycled material is lower than the price of the original raw material. If not, a partial symbiosis model is established. Furthermore, through sensitivity and comparative analysis, we find that the price of recycled materials, the number of orders, and the profitability of each party in the symbiotic supply chain are influenced by the symbiotic model and external conditions. Finally, symbiotic cooperation does not necessarily reduce the total environmental impact but generally reduces the environmental impact per unit of production in the symbiotic supply chain. Through numerical experiments, we further investigated the impact of different game situations between the symbiotic supplier and supplier on sourcing and pricing strategies. The results show that the manufacturer benefits regardless of the game scenario compared to when the raw material price is at a stationary level. On the supply-side, the supplier is in a more advantageous position in Bertrand game, and henceforth the symbiotic supplier is in Stackelberg game.
Download or read book Case for Sustainability in Strategy and Operations written by Niraj Dalmia and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The previous industrial revolutions coupled with long-established business models have created a lock-in towards a linear 'take-make-dispose' model of production and consumption - products are manufactured using non-renewable sources and raw materials, manufacturing wastes are discarded as unusable, product is sold through the supply chain often creating more disposal of wastes, the final product is used by the end consumer till a less than optimal end-of-life, and then disposed or incinerated as landfill. The effects are clear and unsustainable - rapid spikes in resource prices, dangerous price volatility in the economy, discomforting signs of resource exhaustion and a trend towards business uncertainty and disruptions that can derail economic and social growth. The need for an alternative business model is becoming paramount, compelling organizations to find solutions to advance resource performance by reusing, remanufacturing, refurbishing and recycling products and parts to restore non-renewable resources, essentially 'closing the loop'. The management thinking behind creating this circular or 'cradle-to-cradle' supply chain rather than a linear or 'cradle-to-grave' model addresses the various aspects of revamping a business model from product design to recycling methods. This thesis focuses on overcoming challenges of product design in achieving that end. The paper is structured around four chapters. Chapter I opens the paper with an analysis of the circular supply chain model as compared with the linear consumption model, its impact on sustainability and management practices, the emergence and necessity of closing the loops, and the progress so far and limitations of the model. The role of product design in creating circular supply chains, and the variables associated with the challenges are explored in Chapter II. Based on these variables we analyze two case studies to check how our findings apply to two important product life cycle strategies. We also analyze the impact of these strategies on competitiveness and sustainability to demonstrate the business case for circular supply chains. This allows us to demonstrate important links between these variables to highlight overarching criteria to satisfy effective product design in Chapter III.
Download or read book Managing Closed Loop Supply Chains written by Simme D.P. Flapper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closed-Loop Supply Chains (CLSC) offer companies a unique opportunity to improve their profits whilst serving societal responsibility. The management of CLSC differs in a number of ways from managing supply chains in general. The book examines these differences and how these differences may be dealt with in practice, by offering a concrete framework, introducing the different aspects related to CLSC and their mutual relations, in a systematic logical way as well as cases clustered according to the inputs for a CLSC. The framework and especially the cases from successful companies offer the reader an invaluable help to build and improve CLSC.
Download or read book Reverse and Closed Loop Supply Chain Network written by Sasikumar Perumal and published by . This book was released on 2016-11-27 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Supply Chain Management written by John T. Mentzer and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2001 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work presents a comprehensive model of supply chain management. Experienced executives from 20 companies clearly define supply chain management, identifying those factors that contribute to its effective implementation. They provide practical guidelines on how companies can manage supply chains, addressing the role of all the traditional business functions in supply chain management and suggest how the adoption of a supply chain management approach can affect business strategy and corporate performance.
Download or read book Considering Recycling Investment Strategies Under Internal and External Competition in the Remanufacturing Supply Chain written by Jing Liu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A vertical supply chain consisting of an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and a downstream retailer, faces internal competition between new and remanufactured products, along with external competition from a third party remanufacturer (3PR). These competitive forces not only affect the sales of different product types but also directly impact the recycling of used products, which in turn affects the production and sales of remanufactured products. Against this backdrop, this article investigates the impact of separate and cooperative recycling investments by the OEM and retailer on profits and the environment, by considering different Vertical structure (i.e., OEM as Stackelberg leader, retailer as Stackelberg leader, and Vertical Nash). Our findings indicate that cooperative investment is optimal when either the OEM or retailer is the Stackelberg leader, but neither party is willing to invest in recycling when they are in Vertical Nash. When the OEM is the Stackelberg leader, the environmental impact of the cooperative investment model always falls between the other two models' environmental impacts. Comparatively, when the retailer is the Stackelberg leader or in Vertical Nash, the environmental impact is the same across investment models. Further experiments reveal that the OEM, acting as the Stackelberg leader, and implementing the cooperative investment strategy, yields better economic and environmental benefits, but the sales prices of both new and remanufactured products are higher in this case. Our study provides some important managerial implications that can be utilized as strategic guidance for the remanufacturing industry.
