Download or read book Presidents Secretaries Of State And Crises In U s Foreign Relations written by Lawrence Falkowski and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-21 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a new approach to analyzing the impact of individuals on U.S. foreign policy and reports the results of this analysis for all post-World War II presidents and secretaries of state, including President Carter and Secretary of State Vance. Its compelling but fundamentally simple theme suggests that it may be unnecessary to adopt traditional models of psychology in order to predict the behavior of foreign-policy decision makers. Earlier studies based on these models are either too judgmental to be predictively useful or too abstract to be relevant to the policy process itself. In contrast, the underlying assumption here is that the information necessary to make accurate predictions is more easily obtainable and understandable than once thought. The methods employed to test Dr. Falkowski's predictive model are easy to understand and to replicate. The results indicate a strong relationship between variations in the memories of leaders and their abilities to adopt flexible courses of action when faced with crisis situations. This relationship exists for all presidents and secretaries of state studied, suggesting that it is possible to predict the behavior of new or potential leaders before they are faced with crisis decisions. The implications of these results are far-reaching and might be directly applicable to the selection of new leaders.
Download or read book Presidents Secretaries of State and Crises in United States Foreign Relations written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organizing for Foreign Policy Crises written by Patrick J. Haney and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2010-08-27 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presidents often assemble ad hoc groups of advisers to help them make decisions during foreign policy crises. These advisers may include the holders of the traditional foreign policy positions--secretaries of state and defense--as well as others from within and without the executive branch. It has never been clear what role these groups play in the development of policy. In this landmark study, Patrick Haney examines how these crisis decision groups were structured and how they performed the tasks of providing information, advice, and analysis to the president. From this, Haney investigates the links between a president's crisis management structure and the decision-making process that took place during a foreign policy crisis. Haney employs case studies to examine the different ways presidents from Truman through Bush used crisis decision-making groups to help manage foreign policy crises. He looks at the role of these groups in handling the Berlin blockade in 1948, the Suez Crisis in 1956, the Tet offensive in 1968, the Yom Kippur War in 1973, and the Panama invasion in 1989, among other crises. He extends our understanding of the organization, management and behavior of the decision-making groups presidents assemble during foreign policy crises. This book will appeal to scholars of the American presidency and American foreign policy. Patrick Haney is Assistant Professor of Political Science, Miami University of Ohio.
Download or read book Guide to U S Foreign Policy written by Robert J. McMahon and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At no time in American history has an understanding of the role and the art of diplomacy in international relations been more essential than it is today. Both the history of U.S. diplomatic relations and the current U.S. foreign policy in the twenty-first century are major topics of study and interest across the nation and around the world. Spanning the entire history of American diplomacy—from the First Continental Congress to the war on terrorism to the foreign policy goals of the twenty-first century—Guide to U.S. Foreign Policy traces not only the growth and development of diplomatic policies and traditions but also the shifts in public opinion that shape diplomatic trends. This comprehensive, two-volume reference shows how the United States gained "the strength of a giant" and also analyzes key world events that have determined the United States’ changing relations with other nations. The two volumes’ structure makes the key concepts and issues accessible to researchers: The set is broken up into seven parts that feature 40 topical and historical chapters in which expert writers cover the diplomatic initiatives of the United States from colonial times through the present day. Volume II’s appendix showcases an A-to-Z handbook of diplomatic terms and concepts, organizations, events, and issues in American foreign policy. The appendix also includes a master bibliography and a list of presidents; secretaries of state, war, and defense; and national security advisers and their terms of service. This unique reference highlights the changes in U.S. diplomatic policy as government administrations and world events influenced national decisions. Topics include imperialism, economic diplomacy, environmental diplomacy, foreign aid, wartime negotiations, presidential influence, NATO and its role in the twenty-first century, and the response to terrorism. Additional featured topics include the influence of the American two-party system, the impact of U.S. elections, and the role of the United States in international organizations. Guide to U.S. Foreign Policy is the first comprehensive reference work in this field that is both historical and thematic. This work is of immense value for researchers, students, and others studying foreign policy, international relations, and U.S history. ABOUT THE EDITORS Robert J. McMahon is the Ralph D. Mershon Professor of History in the Mershon Center for International Security Studies at The Ohio State University. He is a leading historian of American diplomatic history and is author of several books on U.S. foreign relations. Thomas W. Zeiler is professor of history and international affairs at the University of Colorado at Boulder and is the executive editor of the journal Diplomatic History.
Download or read book Crisis written by Henry Kissinger and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2003-08-26 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By drawing upon hitherto unpublished transcripts of his telephone conversations during the Yom Kippur War (1973) and the last days of the Vietnam War (1975), Henry Kissinger reveals what goes on behind the scenes at the highest levels in a diplomatic crisis. The two major foreign policy crises in this book, one successfully negotiated, one that ended tragically, were unique in that they moved so fast that much of the work on them had to be handled by telephone. The longer of the two sections deals in detail with the Yom Kippur War and is full of revelations, as well as great relevancy: In Kissinger's conversations with Golda Meir, Israeli Prime Minister; Simcha Dinitz, Israeli ambassador to the U.S.; Mohamed el-Zayyat, the Egyptian Foreign Minister; Anatoly Dobrynin, the Soviet Ambassador to the U.S.; Kurt Waldheim, the Secretary General of the U.N.; and a host of others, as well as with President Nixon, many of the main elements of the current problems in the Middle East can be seen. The section on the end of the Vietnam War is a tragic drama, as Kissinger tries to help his president and a divided nation through the final moments of a lost war. It is full of astonishing material, such as Kissinger's trying to secure the evacuation of a Marine company which, at the very last minute, is discovered to still be in Saigon as the city is about to fall, and his exchanges with Ambassador Martin in Saigon, who is reluctant to leave his embassy. This is a book that presents perhaps the best record of the inner workings of diplomacy at the superheated pace and tension of real crisis.
Download or read book A World in Disarray written by Richard Haass and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A valuable primer on foreign policy: a primer that concerned citizens of all political persuasions—not to mention the president and his advisers—could benefit from reading.” —Michiko Kakutani, The New York Times An examination of a world increasingly defined by disorder and a United States unable to shape the world in its image, from the president of the Council on Foreign Relations Things fall apart; the center cannot hold. The rules, policies, and institutions that have guided the world since World War II have largely run their course. Respect for sovereignty alone cannot uphold order in an age defined by global challenges from terrorism and the spread of nuclear weapons to climate change and cyberspace. Meanwhile, great power rivalry is returning. Weak states pose problems just as confounding as strong ones. The United States remains the world’s strongest country, but American foreign policy has at times made matters worse, both by what the U.S. has done and by what it has failed to do. The Middle East is in chaos, Asia is threatened by China’s rise and a reckless North Korea, and Europe, for decades the world’s most stable region, is now anything but. As Richard Haass explains, the election of Donald Trump and the unexpected vote for “Brexit” signals that many in modern democracies reject important aspects of globalization, including borders open to trade and immigrants. In A World in Disarray, Haass argues for an updated global operating system—call it world order 2.0—that reflects the reality that power is widely distributed and that borders count for less. One critical element of this adjustment will be adopting a new approach to sovereignty, one that embraces its obligations and responsibilities as well as its rights and protections. Haass also details how the U.S. should act towards China and Russia, as well as in Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. He suggests, too, what the country should do to address its dysfunctional politics, mounting debt, and the lack of agreement on the nature of its relationship with the world. A World in Disarray is a wise examination, one rich in history, of the current world, along with how we got here and what needs doing. Haass shows that the world cannot have stability or prosperity without the United States, but that the United States cannot be a force for global stability and prosperity without its politicians and citizens reaching a new understanding.
Download or read book Secrets of State written by Barry M. Rubin and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1985 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The greatest of all state secrets is how leaders make and implement decisions affecting millions of lives. This book explains the foreign policy-making process of the U.S. Government, particularly the State Department. It vividly describes the colorful personalities who have held the highest posts and the battles that have pitted agencies, individuals, and ideologies against each other. The book probes the reasons for the relative decline of the State Department and the rise of the National Security Council staff and White House advisors. It shows how each president organizes the foreign policy system in his own way and why,in the aftermath of the policy-making revolution spawned by Henry Kissinger, the structure has increasingly broken down or interfered with successful decision making. Tracing the development of the diplomatic apparatus throughout American history, Secrets of State demonstrates how foreign policy rose from a neglected corner to become the primary preoccupation of U.S. leaders faced with the growing complexities of international crises. Much of the book concentrates on the present, including the types of people involved in the glamorous foreign policy process, how the system shapes them, why some people succeed, and why many more of them fail. Included is a detailed analysis of why the Carter and Reagan administrations, despite their sharp political differences, made many of the same mistakes in such crisis areas as Central America and the Middle East. About the Author: Barry Rubin is a Council on Foreign Affairs Fellow and a Senior Fellow at the Georgetown University Center for Strategic and International Studies. He is the author of Paved with Good Intentions: The American Experience and Iran.
Download or read book American Statesmen written by Edward Mihalkanin and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2004-08-30 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Secretary of State is in charge of defining and implementing U.S. foreign policy. While that role has weakened some over the past 50 years, a mere roll call of illustrious past Secretaries of State invokes the position's importance. Thomas Jefferson, Henry Kissinger, John Quincy Adams, William Jennings Bryan, Henry Clay, James Madison, George C. Marshall, George Schultz, and Daniel Webster are just a few of the Secretaries profiled within these 65 entries. Arranged A-to-Z, each essay is multifaceted, offering information personal, professional, and political. The majority of each piece deals with foreign policy ideas before he or she became the Secretary, what American foreign policy was like while in office, and the major foreign policy issues during tenure. Each piece concludes with a concise and useful bibliography. A unique look at U.S. foreign policy making and diplomacy through the experience of the person whose job is to craft and implement it. Each secretary's early life and background are included, as is his or her education and influences. Careers before becoming Secretary of State are detailed, as are expressions of ideas relating to U.S. foreign policy prior to appointment. Then the piece examines his tenure in office itself, from appointment as secretary, to relations with the President, Cabinet and Congress. Most importantly the major foreign policy issues of the day are given a thorough going over. Finally the circumstances of leaving office, a post-career summary, and then a general assessment of his or accomplishments and shortcomings as secretary.
Download or read book U S Presidents and Foreign Policy written by Carl C. Hodge and published by ABC-CLIO. This book was released on 2007 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In this volume, leading historians and political scientists examine the United States' changing foreign policy, president by president, from 1789 to the present. If knowledge of history makes it possible to avoid repeating the mistakes of the past, this volume is not only a powerful warning against future errors, it's also a study of successful, proven policies that are worth repeating. For students, scholars, and lay readers alike - anyone concerned about the proper place of the United States in the world - it offers a one-of-a-kind, one-stop source of information on the whole of American foreign policy."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Summit Diplomacy written by Elmer Plischke and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 1958 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a study on summit diplomacy (a meeting of high government officials for the purpose of conducting negotiations between nations) that is performed personally by the President of the United States. The author has outlined the history of presidential diplomacy but takes a closer view of the personal foreign relations efforts of Presidents Roosevelt, Truman, and Eisenhower. In this country, individual Presidents have assumed varying degrees of personal participation in foreign affairs. Some have remained relatively aloof from relations with other countries, and their names rarely appear in the diplomatic records. Others are remembered for one or a few policy statements or international actions. A number of Presidents, and in certain cases, even Vice Presidents, have engaged in personal diplomacy of some consequence. To mention only a few, diplomatic history recounts the contributions of Washington, Jefferson, Monroe, Polk, Cleveland, Truman, and Eisenhower. On the other hand, a few Presidents have played active if not decisive roles in diplomacy, occasionally virtually serving as their own Secretaries of State. Among these, in the present century, generally are included Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Download or read book The Crises of Power written by Seyom Brown and published by New York : Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an assessment of Kissinger's performances in office during the Nixon and Ford administrations.
Download or read book American Statesmen written by Edward Mihalkanin and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 2004-08-30 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Each secretary's early life, background, education, and influences are included. Careers before becoming Secretary of State are detailed, as are expressions of ideas relating to U.S. foreign policy prior to appointment. The essays also examine the Secretary's tenure, from appointment to relations with the President, Cabinet, and Congress. The circumstances of leaving office, a post-career summary, and a general assessment of each Secretary's accomplishments and shortcomings are included. Each essay concludes with a concise and useful bibliography."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book America in the World written by Robert B. Zoellick and published by Twelve. This book was released on 2020-08-04 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: America has a long history of diplomacy–ranging from Benjamin Franklin, Alexander Hamilton, and Thomas Jefferson to Henry Kissinger, Ronald Reagan, and James Baker–now is your chance to see the impact these Americans have had on the world. Recounting the actors and events of U.S. foreign policy, Zoellick identifies five traditions that have emerged from America's encounters with the world: the importance of North America; the special roles trading, transnational, and technological relations play in defining ties with others; changing attitudes toward alliances and ways of ordering connections among states; the need for public support, especially through Congress; and the belief that American policy should serve a larger purpose. These traditions frame a closing review of post-Cold War presidencies, which Zoellick foresees serving as guideposts for the future. Both a sweeping work of history and an insightful guide to U.S. diplomacy past and present, America in the World serves as an informative companion and practical adviser to readers seeking to understand the strategic and immediate challenges of U.S. foreign policy during an era of transformation.
Download or read book Henry Kissinger Foreign Policy E book Boxed Set written by Henry Kissinger and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 1362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ebook boxed set includes the following 3 books by Henry Kissinger, detailing America’s approach to foreign policy. Crisis: By drawing upon hitherto unpublished transcripts of his telephone conversations during the Yom Kippur War (1973) and the last days of the Vietnam War (1975), Henry Kissinger reveals what goes on behind the scenes at the highest levels in a diplomatic crisis. Does America Need A Foreign Policy?: With a new afterword by the author that addresses the situation in the aftermath of September 11, this thoughtful and important book, written by America's most famous diplomatist, explains why we urgently need a new and coherent foreign policy and what our foreign policy goals should be in this new millennium. In seven accessible chapters, Kissinger provides a crystalline assessment of how the United States' ascendancy as the world's dominant presence in the twentieth century may be effectively reconciled with the urgent need in the twenty-first century to achieve a bold new world order. Diplomacy: Moving from a sweeping overview of history to blow-by-blow accounts of his negotiations with world leaders, Henry Kissinger describes how the art of diplomacy has created the world in which we live, and how America's approach to foreign affairs has always differed vastly from that of other nations. This is vital reading for anyone concerned with the forces that have shaped our world today and will impact upon it tomorrow.
Download or read book The Regional Imperative written by Lloyd I. Rudolph and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Clinton s World written by William George Hyland and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1999-03-30 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No modern U.S. president inherited a stronger, safer international position than Bill Clinton. In 1992, the Cold War was over, and the nation was at peace and focused on domestic issues. Despite this temporary tranquility, Clinton would soon be faced with a barrage of crises, including flare-ups of unrest in the Middle East, ethnic conflict in Yugoslavia, uneasy relations with Japan and China, persistent trouble in the Persian Gulf, the dissolution of the USSR, and disastrous situations in Somalia and Haiti. In this comprehensive and balanced examination of Clinton's foreign policy—the first such book to cover all the global focal points of his administration to date—William G. Hyland brilliantly shows the effects of combining this confusion with Clinton's unique personality characteristics. His first term was marked, in the author's analysis, by murky policy, unrealistic goals, and the mishandling of several crises. By the end of that term he learned some hard lessons, was able to alter his pattern of response, and reversed himself on some major aspects of foreign policy—all to benefit, in the author's view, the country and the world as a whole.
Download or read book American Government 3e written by Glen Krutz and published by . This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black & white print. American Government 3e aligns with the topics and objectives of many government courses. Faculty involved in the project have endeavored to make government workings, issues, debates, and impacts meaningful and memorable to students while maintaining the conceptual coverage and rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from the fundamental principles of institutional design at the founding, to avenues of political participation, to thorough coverage of the political structures that constitute American government. The book builds upon what students have already learned and emphasizes connections between topics as well as between theory and applications. The goal of each section is to enable students not just to recognize concepts, but to work with them in ways that will be useful in later courses, future careers, and as engaged citizens. In order to help students understand the ways that government, society, and individuals interconnect, the revision includes more examples and details regarding the lived experiences of diverse groups and communities within the United States. The authors and reviewers sought to strike a balance between confronting the negative and harmful elements of American government, history, and current events, while demonstrating progress in overcoming them. In doing so, the approach seeks to provide instructors with ample opportunities to open discussions, extend and update concepts, and drive deeper engagement.
