Download or read book Preparation Characterization and Evaluation of Mg Al Mixed Oxide Supported Nickel Catalysts for the Steam Reforming of Ethanol written by Luke James Ivor Coleman and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The conversion of ethanol to hydrogen or syngas can be achieved by reacting ethanol with water via steam reforming, CH3CH2OH + (1-x)H2O = (4-x)H2 + (2-x)CO + xCO2 (R.1) CH3CH2OH + H2O = 4H2 + 2CO (R.2) CO + H2O = H2 + CO2 (R.3) Ideally, the ethanol steam reforming reaction can achieve a hydrogen yield of 6 moles of hydrogen per mole of ethanol when the value of x in (R.1) equals 2. High theoretical H2 yield makes ethanol steam reforming a very attractive route for H2 production. Thermodynamic equilibrium studies have shown that ethanol steam reforming produces mixtures of H2, CO, CO2, and CH4 below 950 K, while above 950 K the ethanol steam reforming reaction (R.1) adequately describes the product composition In this study a series of 10wt% Ni loaded Mg-Al mixed oxide supported catalysts were evaluated for the production of hydrogen via the steam reforming of ethanol.
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Nickel based Mixed Oxides for Ethanol Steam Reforming written by Evgeny Bolshak and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fundamentals of Industrial Catalytic Processes written by Calvin H. Bartholomew and published by . This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 966 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation Characterization and Testing of Nickel Catalysts for the Amination of Ethanol written by Achmad Hanafi Setiawan and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Superior Performance of Ni W Ce Mixed metal Oxide Catalysts for Ethanol Steam Reforming written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, the ethanol steam reforming (ESR) reaction was examined over a series of Ni-W-Ce oxide catalysts. The structures of the catalysts were characterized using in-situ techniques including X-ray diffraction, Pair Distribution Function, X-ray absorption fine structure and transmission electron microscopy; while possible surface intermediates for the ESR reaction were investigated by Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. In these materials, all the W and part of the Ni were incorporated into the CeO2 lattice, with the remaining Ni forming highly dispersed nano NiO (
Download or read book Magnesia Supported Nickel and Platinum Catalysts written by S. P. Sarsam and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalysis written by James Spivey and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysts are required for a variety of applications and researchers are increasingly challenged to find cost effective and environmentally benign catalysts to use. This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature including direct methane conversion, nanocomposite catalysts for transformation of biofuels into syngas and hydrogen, and catalytic wet air oxidation technology for industrial wastewater treatment. Appealing broadly to researchers in academia and industry, it will be of great benefit to any researcher wanting a succinct reference on developments in this area now and looking to the future.
Download or read book Methane Steam Reforming Activity Stability and Characterization of Nickel Supported Catalysts written by Abdulrhman Saleh al-Ubaid and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis Characterization and Catalytic Performances of Mesoporous Calcium Oxide Supported Nickel in Methane Reforming Reaction written by Ola Samrout and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Novel Supported Zero valent Nickel Catalysts written by Daniel H. Ralston and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalytic Conversion of Energy Resources into High Value Added Products written by José Luis Pinilla and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing active, selective and energy-efficient heterogeneous catalysts is of paramount importance for the production of high value-added products from energy resources in a more sustainable manner. In this Special Issue of Energies, we provide a showcase of the latest progress in the development of cleaner, more efficient processes for the conversion of these feedstocks into valuable fuels, chemicals and energy. Most of the works collected are focused on the conversion of biomass which clearly reflects the paramount importance that the biorefinery concept will play in the years to come.
Download or read book Preparation and Evaluation of Sol gel Made Nickel Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sol-gel (solution-gelation) method was used to prepare Ni-Ti and Ni-Ti-Al catalysts for reforming of methane with carbon dioxide. This method, after optimizing the parameters such as hydrolysis and acid/alkoxide ratio, is able to make a Ni-Ti catalyst with a surface area as high as 426m2/g when calcined at 473K; but calcination at higher temperature lead to dramatic decrease in surface area. XRD, XPS, TEM and SEM were used to understand this change. Using a packed bed reactor, the catalysts were evaluated with the reforming reaction. It was found that the activity of the Ni-Ti catalyst increases with the Ni loading in the range of 1-10wt%. The reduction temperature has strong effect on activity of the reduced catalyst. Up to 973K, the activity increases with the reduction temperature; but after 973K, the activity decreases and become 0 when the temperature is over 1023K. The Ni-Ti catalyst also deactivated as 15% after 4h of time on stream. The XRD analysis shows that Ti3O5 formed in the catalyst after higher-temperature reduction as well as after the reaction for a period of time. The formation of Ti3O5 may render the catalyst to loss its activity. However, further study is expected to understand the mechanism. TG/DTA analysis shows that both Ni-Ti and Ni-Ti-Al catalysts had carbon deposition; but the latter maintained higher activity in a longer period of time.
Download or read book Preparation Characterization and Catalytic Evaluation of Zeolite Catalysts for Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether Synthesis written by Mohammed Ashraf Ali and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Novel Preparation and Magneto Chemical Characterization of Nanoparticle Mixed Alcohol Catalysts written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have developed and streamlined the experimental systems: (a) Laser-induced solution deposition (LISD) photosynthesis, ball-milling, and chemical synthesis of Fe, Co, and Cu nanoparticle catalysts; (b) Sol-gel method for mesoporous [gamma]-Al2O3, SiO2, hybrid alumina/silica granular supports; (c) Three sol-gel/oil-drop catalyst preparation methods to incorporate metal nanoparticles into mesoporous 1 mm granular supports; (d) Low-cost GC-TCD system with hydrogen as carrier gas for the determination of wide spectrum of alkanes produced during the F-T reactions; and (e) Gas-flow reactor and microchannel reactor for fast screening of catalysts. The LISD method could produce Co, Cu, and Fe (5 nm) nanoparticles, but in milligram quantities. We could produce nanoparticles in gram quantities using high-energy ball milling and chemical synthesis methods. Ball milling gave wide particle size distribution compared to the chemical synthesis method that gave almost uniform size (≈5 nm) particles. Metal nanoparticles Cu, Co, Fe, Cu/Co, Cu/Fe and Co/Fe were loaded (2-12 wt%) uniformly into [gamma]-Al2O3, SiO2, or alumina/silica hybrid supports by combined sol-gel/oil-drop methods followed by calcination and hydrogenation steps, prior to syngas FT reaction studies. The properties of metal loaded [gamma]-Al2O3 granules were compared for the two precursors: aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (ALTSB) and aluminum tri-iso-propoxide (ALTIP). The effect of solgel supports alumina, silica, and alumina/silica hybrid were examined on catalytic properties. Metal loading efficiencies for pure metal catalysts increased in the order Co, Cu and Fe in agreement with solubility of metal hydroxides. In case of mixed metals, Co and Cu seams to interfere and reduce Fe metal loading when metal nitrate solutions are used. The solubility differences of metal hydroxides would not allow precise control of metal loading. We have overcome this problem by introducing a novel method of nanoparticle metal oxide co-entrapped sol-gel that gave the highest metal loading with precise control and reproducibility, and greater mechanical strength of granules than the metal nitrate solution co-entrapping and wet impregnation methods. Both, slurry-phase-batch and gas-phase-continuous-flow, reactors were used for syngas conversion reactions. Our investigations of Co and Fe thin film deposited micro-reactors showed higher CO/H2 conversion for Fe compared to Co. The catalytic activity for CO/H2 conversion was observed in the increasing order for the nanocatalysts Cu, Co, Fe, Co/Fe, Cu/Co and Cu/Fe in alumina sol-gel support, and Co/Fe showed the highest yield for methane. The optimization of CO/H2 ratio indicated that 1:1 ratio gave more alkanes distribution in F-T process with Co/Fe (6% each) impregnated on alumina. We could estimate the activity of catalysts (involving Co, Fe) during hydrogenation and after catalytic reaction using magnetization studies. In summary our accomplishments are: (1) Novel chemical methods for the synthesis of (5 nm) Fe, Co, Cu nanoparticles with narrow size distribution. (2) Developing a method of metal oxide nanoparticles addition to alumina/silica sol-gel to control metal loading of pure and mixed metal catalysts compositions in high yields. (3) A low-cost GC-TCD system to analyze wide spectrum of alkanes (F-T reaction products). (4) Fe/Co mixed metal alumina/silica mesoporous catalysts with higher FT activity. (5) Characterizing nanoparticle catalysts and supports for detail understanding of FT-process.
Download or read book The Preparation Characterization and Evaluation of Predipitated Iron Catalysts for the Fischer Tropsch Synthesis written by Nosa Osa Egiebor and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Hydrogen Energy written by Catherine E. Grégoire Padró and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the future, our energy systems will need to be renewable and sustainable, efficient and cost-effective, convenient and safe. Hydrogen has been proposed as the perfect fuel for this future energy system. The availability of a reliable and cost-effective supply, safe and efficient storage, and convenient end use of hydrogen will be essential for a transition to a Hydrogen Economy. Research is being conducted throughout the world for the development of safe, cost-effective hydrogen production, storage, and end-use technologies that support and foster this transition. This book is a collection of important research and analysis papers on hydrogen production, storage, and end-use technologies that were presented at the American Chemical Society National Meeting in New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, in August 1999.
Download or read book Manganese oxide supported iron Fischer Tropsch Synthesis catalysts written by Keith Michael Kreitman and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
