Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Films Used in the Absorber Layers of Thin film Solar Cells written by 陳富珊 and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Powders and Films Used in the Absorber Layer of Thin film Solar Cells written by 吳忠憲 and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide and Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Powders Used as the Absorber of Thin film Solar Cells written by 林詣軒 and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thin Films Photovoltaics written by Beddiaf Zaidi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-02-23 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film photovoltaic-based solar modules produce power at a low cost per watt. They are ideal candidates for large-scale solar farms as well as building-integrated photovoltaic applications. They can generate consistent power, not only at elevated temperatures but also on cloudy, overcast days and at low sun angles.Thin film photovoltaics are second-generation solar cells produced by depositing one or more thin layers, or thin films, of photosensitive material on a suitable substrate such as glass, polymer, or metal. Thin film solar cells are based on various materials such as cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS), and amorphous thin film silicon (a-Si, TF-Si) are commercially used in several conventional and advanced technologies.
Download or read book Optical and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper Indium gallium Diselenide Materials and Solar Cells written by Puruswottam Aryal and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for clean and renewable energy sources in recent years has motivated research on the development of low cost, thin film photovoltaic devices. As a consequence, tools for the investigation and characterization of thin film photovoltaic component materials and devices, which can be implemented in real time as well as under in-line and off-line measurement conditions, are becoming increasingly important. Real time spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) and ex-situ mapping spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) are powerful characterization tools suitable for applications in the optimization of device performance and the evaluation of thin film photovoltaics technology scale-up from dot cell sizes in research laboratories to full module sizes in factories. These non-destructive optical probes implement multichannel spectroscopic detection for achieving high measurement speed, while simultaneously yielding high precision light-matter interaction parameters. The interaction parameters can be analyzed to obtain layer thicknesses as well as their optical properties from which material properties such as composition can be determined. The layer thicknesses and their optical properties in turn provide insights into the fraction of incident light absorbed in the active layer of the solar cell and also provide a basis for short-circuit current optimization through optical simulations. In this dissertation research, Cu(In, Ga)Se2 films with different Ga contents have been prepared by a one stage co-evaporation process. These films have been studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry (RTSE) in real time during their deposition, which has been performed at high temperature (570oC). After cooling the films to room temperature, in-situ SE measurements were undertaken in order to extract the dielectric functions of the thin film materials. An extended parameterization was established through the fitting of these dielectric functions to analytical functions, followed by the development of expressions in the free parameters that describe these analytical functions versus the Ga content. As a result of this parameterization, dielectric function spectra can be predicted for any desired composition. This capability was applied for the structural and compositional mapping of CIGS thin films and solar cells deposited over 10 cm × 10 cm substrate areas. Correlations of the deduced structural and compositional parameters with the corresponding device performance characteristics have yielded important insights with the potential to assist in the optimization of solar cell devices incorporating thin CIGS layers. In addition, a methodology of external quantum efficiency simulation (EQE) has been developed that relies on ex-situ spectroscopic ellipsometry analysis of complete thin film solar cells and so does not require free parameters. The simulations have been applied to CIGS and a-Si:H solar cells, based on the assumption that all photo-generated carriers within the active layers of these cells are collected without any recombination losses. Thus, it should be noted the predicted EQE is the maximum that the solar cell having the given structure can generate, and the difference between the predicted and measured EQE for the same device can provide insights into recombination losses in the device. Because the predicted EQE is based on specular interfaces, it can also be lower than the measured values due to light trapping caused by rough surfaces and interfaces. In another research area of interest for CIGS materials and solar cells, the role of the stage II/III substrate temperature (540oC - 640oC) in the deposition of the films by the three stage process has been studied, as has its effect on device performance, sodium diffusion, and grain size. Since standard soda-lime glass does not tolerate temperatures above 570oC due to glass softening, specially engineered high temperature soda-lime glass produced by Nippon Electric Glass Co., Japan was used as the substrate material in this study. It was found that the average device performance improves up to 620oC as a consequence of reduced shunting and improved diode quality factor which affect the fill factor of the device. At 640oC, however, these parameters have exhibited a wider distribution, and thus have yielded a lower average efficiency for the cells. SEM micrographs of these devices showed that the grain size first increased with increasing temperature up to 620oC, and then showed a bimodal distribution at 640oC. Finally, ex-situ mapping ellipsometry has been applied in the study of silver nanoparticle thin films prepared by the drop casting method. These films are important because of the plasmonic effects they exhibit. Such effects can be exploited by integrating the nanoparticle layers into solar cells in order to promote light trapping, and hence, increase the overall efficiency of the cells. A study of these films with mapping spectroscopic ellipsometry provides a means of determining thickness uniformity over large areas that is critical for scale-up of the deposition processes. The uniformity of other parameters of the films such as the plasmon resonance energy and its broadening are equally important to ensure maximum coupling of light into the solar cell absorber layer.
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Silver Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Thin film Solar Cells written by 吳俊杰 and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation Of Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Films For Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High quality thin films of copper-indium-gallium-diselenide useful in the production of solar cells are prepared by electrodepositing at least one of the constituent metals onto a glass/Mo substrate, followed by physical vapor deposition of copper and selenium or indium and selenium to adjust the final stoichiometry of the thin film to approximately Cu(In, Ga)Se.sub. 2. Using an AC voltage of 1-100 KHz in combination with a DC voltage for electrodeposition improves the morphology and growth rate of the deposited thin film. An electrodeposition solution comprising at least in part an organic solvent may be used in conjunction with an increased cathodic potential to increase the gallium content of the electrodeposited thin film.
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Silver Indium Diselenide Used as the Absorber in Thin film Solar Cells written by 簡思佳 and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Copper Indium Diselenide Powders Used as the Absorber of Solar Cells written by 李宗翰 and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nanoelectronics and Materials Development written by Abhijit Kar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current edited book presents some of the most advanced research findings in the field of nanotechnology and its application in materials development in a very concise form. The main focus of the book is dragged toward those materials where electronic properties are manipulated for development of advanced materials. We have discussed about the extensive usage of nanotechnology and its impact on various facets of the chip-making practice from materials to devices such as basic memory, quantum dots, nanotubes, nanowires, graphene-like 2D materials, and CIGS thin-film solar cells as energy-harvesting devices. Researchers as well as students can gain valuable insights into the different processing of nanomaterials, characterization procedures of the materials in nanoscale, and their different functional properties and applications.
Download or read book Solution Processing for Copper Indium Sulfide Solar Cells written by Stephen Thacker Connor and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the field of photovoltaics has become increasingly important due to rising energy demand and climate change. While most solar cells are currently composed of crystalline silicon, devices with thinner films of inorganic absorber materials might allow production at a greater scale due to their lower materials cost. In particular, thin films of CuInS2 are promising solar absorber materials due to their high efficiencies and low required thicknesses. However, the fabrication of thin film solar cells currently requires expensive vacuum techniques. As an alternative, solution-based deposition techniques have been proposed as a route to low-cost and high-throughput electronic device fabrication. I have studied how film growth depends on solutuion deposited precursor film quality, with the goal of producing large grained films of CuInS2 through solution processing. In the first approach, we used solvothermal decomposition of organometallic precursors at moderate temperatures to produce nanoparticles of CuInS2. Thin films of these nanoparticles were cast onto molybdenum coated glass and further processed to create CuInS2 solar cells. We found that performance was dependent on film porosity, grain size, and stoichiometry of the nanoparticles. Films with grain sizes of ~200nm were attained, from which 1.3% efficient solar cells were made. In addition, we showed that this synthesis could be extended to produce CuInS2 nanoparticles with partial substitution of Fe, Zn, and Ga. In the second approach, we synthesized an air-stable hybrid organometallic/nanoparticle ink at room temperature in ambient conditions through a vulcanization reaction. This ink could be coated onto substrates in smooth layers, and further reactive annealing formed large grained CuInS2 films. This process was characterized, and a correlation between residual carbon and grain growth was found. Additionally, the chemical transformation between precursor layers and final sulfide thin film was analyzed, with an emphasis on the difference between sulfurization and selenization. We demonstrated that the sulfurization process was producing morphological defects due to its nucleation limited growth mechanism. However, it was modified to more closely resemble the diffusion limited selenization mechanism, thus producing flat films of CuInS2 with grain sizes of ~500nm.
Download or read book Photoenergy and Thin Film Materials written by Xiao-Yu Yang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the latest research & developments and future trends in photoenergy and thin film materials—two important areas that have the potential to spearhead the future of the industry. Photoenergy materials are expected to be a next generation class of materials to provide secure, safe, sustainable and affordable energy. Photoenergy devices are known to convert the sunlight into electricity. These types of devices are simple in design with a major advantage as they are stand-alone systems able to provide megawatts of power. They have been applied as a power source for solar home systems, remote buildings, water pumping, megawatt scale power plants, satellites, communications, and space vehicles. With such a list of enormous applications, the demand for photoenergy devices is growing every year. On the other hand, thin films coating, which can be defined as the barriers of surface science, the fields of materials science and applied physics are progressing as a unified discipline of scientific industry. A thin film can be termed as a very fine, or thin layer of material coated on a particular surface, that can be in the range of a nanometer in thickness to several micrometers in size. Thin films are applied in numerous areas ranging from protection purposes to electronic semiconductor devices. The 16 chapters in this volume, all written by subject matter experts, demonstrate the claim that both photoenergy and thin film materials have the potential to be the future of industry.
Download or read book Renewable Energy Generation and Application written by Ala A. Hussein and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2024-08-15 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers the current status of renewable energy technology, such as solar, wind, hydro and geothermal power engineering and biomass conversion. It focusses on technical challenges and potential future developments in electricity generation. electrical vehicles, heating and cooling, industrial processes and rural electrification. Keywords: Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Wind Farms. Hydropower, Hydroelectric Dams, Geothermal Energy, Biomass Energy, Agricultural Residues, Organic Waste, Electricity Transportation, Global Energy Systems.
Download or read book Thin Film Solar Cells written by Jef Poortmans and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-10-16 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin-film solar cells are either emerging or about to emerge from the research laboratory to become commercially available devices finding practical various applications. Currently no textbook outlining the basic theoretical background, methods of fabrication and applications currently exist. Thus, this book aims to present for the first time an in-depth overview of this topic covering a broad range of thin-film solar cell technologies including both organic and inorganic materials, presented in a systematic fashion, by the scientific leaders in the respective domains. It covers a broad range of related topics, from physical principles to design, fabrication, characterization, and applications of novel photovoltaic devices.
Download or read book Preparation of Copper indium gallium diselenide Precursor Films by Electrodeposition for Fabricating High Efficiency Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A photovoltaic cell exhibiting an overall conversion efficiency of 13.6% is prepared from a copper-indium-gallium-diselenide precursor thin film. The film is fabricated by first simultaneously electrodepositing copper, indium, gallium, and selenium onto a glass/molybdenum substrate (12/14). The electrodeposition voltage is a high frequency AC voltage superimposed upon a DC voltage to improve the morphology and growth rate of the film. The electrodeposition is followed by physical vapor deposition to adjust the final stoichiometry of the thin film to approximately Cu(In.sub. 1-n Ga.sub.x)Se.sub. 2, with the ratio of Ga/(In+Ga) being approximately 0.39.
Download or read book Spectroscopic Characterization of Surfaces and Interfaces of Gallium rich Chalcopyrite Solar Cell Absorbers with Wet chemical Buffer Layers written by Victor van Maris and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Copper Indium Gallium Diselenide Solar Cells on Flexible Substrates written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
