Download or read book Preliminary Results on Production and Calcification of Coral Reefs Communities of Tikehau Atoll written by Loïc Charpy and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Preliminary Results on Production and Calcification of Coral Reefs Communities of Tikehau Atoll Phytoplankton Standing Stock Levels and Bivalve Culture Potential in Aitutaki and Rarotonga Lagoons Cook Islands Detrital Food Webs in Tropical Haline Swamps a Review written by Loïc Charpy and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral Biomineralization Climate Proxies and the Sensitivity of Coral Reefs to CO2 driven Climate Change written by Thomas Mario DeCarlo and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scleractinian corals extract calcium (Ca2+) and carbonate (CO2−3) ions from seawater to construct their calcium carbonate (CaCO3) skeletons. Key to the coral biomineralization process is the active elevation of the CO2−3 concentration of the calcifying fluid to achieve rapid nucleation and growth of CaCO3 crystals. Coral skeletons contain valuable records of past climate variability and contribute to the formation of coral reefs. However, limitations in our understanding of coral biomineralization hinder the accuracy of (1) coral-based reconstructions of past climate, and (2) predictions of coral reef futures as anthropogenic CO2 emissions drive declines in seawater CO2−3 concentration. In this thesis, I investigate the mechanism of coral biomineralization and evaluate the sensitivity of coral reef CaCO3 production to seawater carbonate chemistry. First, I conducted abiogenic CaCO3 precipitation experiments that identified the U/Ca ratio as a proxy for fluid CO2−3 concentration. Based on these experimental results, I developed a quantitative coral biomineralization model that predicts temperature can be reconstructed from coral skeletons by combining Sr/Ca - which is sensitive to both temperature and CO2−3 - with U/Ca into a new proxy called “Sr-U”. I tested this prediction with 14 corals from the Pacific Ocean and the Red Sea spanning mean annual temperatures of 25.7-30.1°C and found that Sr-U has uncertainty of only 0.5°C, twice as accurate as conventional coral-based thermometers. Second, I investigated the processes that differentiate reef-water and open-ocean carbonate chemistry, and the sensitivity of ecosystem-scale calcification to these changes. On Dongsha Atoll in the northern South China Sea, metabolic activity of resident organisms elevates reef-water CO2−3 twice as high as the surrounding open ocean, driving rates of ecosystem calcification higher than any other coral reef studied to date. When high temperatures stressed the resident coral community, metabolic activity slowed, with dramatic effects on reef-water chemistry and ecosystem calcification. Overall, my thesis highlights how the modulation of CO2−3, by benthic communities on the reef and individual coral polyps in the colony, controls the sensitivity of coral reefs to future ocean acidification and influences the climate records contained in the skeleton.
Download or read book Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995-03 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Atoll of Funafuti written by Royal Society (Great Britain). Coral Reef Committee and published by Palala Press. This book was released on 1904 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Coral Biomineralization Climate Proxies and the Sensitivity of Coral Reefs to CO2 driven Climate written by Thomas Mario DeCarlo and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scleractinian corals extract calcium (Ca2+) and carbonate (CO32−) ions from seawater to construct their calcium carbonate (CaCO3) skeletons. Key to the coral biomineralization process is the active elevation of the CO32− concentration of the calcifying fluid to achieve rapid nucleation and growth of CaCO3 crystals. Coral skeletons contain valuable records of past climate variability and contribute to the formation of coral reefs. However, limitations in our understanding of coral biomineralization hinder the accuracy of (1) coral-based reconstructions of past climate, and (2) predictions of coral reef futures as anthropogenic CO2 emissions drive declines in seawater CO32− concentration. In this thesis, I investigate the mechanism of coral biomineralization and evaluate the sensitivity of coral reef CaCO3 production to seawater carbonate chemistry. First, I conducted abiogenic CaCO32− precipitation experiments that identified the U/Ca ratio as a proxy for fluid CO32− concentration. Based on these experimental results, I developed a quantitative coral biomineralization model that predicts temperature can be reconstructed from coral skeletons by combining Sr/Ca - which is sensitive to both temperature and CO32− - with U/Ca into a new proxy called "Sr-U". I tested this prediction with 14 corals from the Pacific Ocean and the Red Sea spanning mean annual temperatures of 25.7-30.1 °C and found that Sr-U has uncertainty of only 0.5 °C, twice as accurate as conventional coral-based thermometers. Second, I investigated the processes that differentiate reef-water and open-ocean carbonate chemistry, and the sensitivity of ecosystem-scale calcification to these changes. On Dongsha Atoll in the northern South China Sea, metabolic activity of resident organisms elevates reef-water CO32− twice as high as the surrounding open ocean, driving rates of ecosystem calcification higher than any other coral reef studied to date. When high temperatures stressed the resident coral community, metabolic activity slowed, with dramatic effects on reef-water chemistry and ecosystem calcification. Overall, my thesis highlights how the modulation of CO32−, by benthic communities on the reef and individual coral polyps in the colony, controls the sensitivity of coral reefs to future ocean acidification and influences the climate records contained in the skeleton.
Download or read book Ocean Acidification on Coral Reefs written by Heather Nicole Page and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of many coral reefs to maintain community composition (i.e., high coral cover), ecosystem structure, and reef functions have diminished as they face regional perturbations and global climate change. Future anthropogenic ocean acidification (OA) from oceanic uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) may further contribute to declining global reef health. However, the magnitude of OA on coral reefs will be compounded by natural temporal and spatial variability which is influenced by a suite of biological and physical oceanographic properties including benthic metabolism by reef communities. In mesocosm experiments, calcifying communities experienced relatively static seawater pH and saturation state with respect to aragonite ([omega]a) due to counteracting effects of net organic carbon production and net calcification on these parameters. In contrast, fleshy macroalgae elevated daytime seawater pH and [omega]a due to high rates of net organic carbon production; a mixed community also elevated seawater pH and [omega]a albeit to a lesser extent. Under short-term OA, daytime net organic carbon production by fleshy macroalgae and nighttime calcium carbonate dissolution buffered against acidification. In additional experiments, net community calcification and net respiration scaled proportionally to coral cover; however, daytime net organic carbon production did not. This differential scaling of benthic metabolism caused increasing acidification with increasing coral cover at night and similar seawater chemistry during the day. Thus, areas with higher coral cover experience larger diurnal seawater pH and CO2 chemistry as observed in mesocosms and on reefs in Bermuda and Hawaii. Although community composition influences in situ temporal and spatial variability in seawater CO2 chemistry on a reef flat in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, the strongest drivers relate to seawater depth, which reflects water volume to benthic biomass ratio, and circulation, which relates to the age of seawater that has been continuously modified by biogeochemical processes. Thus, to more accurately predict the magnitude and potential effects of future OA on coral reefs, experimental results should be bridged to natural settings which often are more complex and have co-varying biological (i.e., community composition and benthic metabolism) and physical (i.e. seawater depth and circulation) properties that influence seawater CO2 variability across space and time.
Download or read book Brazilian Journal of Oceanography written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral Reef Marine Plants of Hainan Island written by Antoninovich Eduard Titlyanov and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral Reef Marine Plants of Hainan Island summarizes the literature on the role and use of marine plants in coral reef ecosystems, especially in China and countries in the Asia-Pacific Region. The first chapter of the book focuses on the description of coral reef ecosystems, their architecture, and status of Hainan coral reefs. The second chapter focuses on common knowledge surrounding marine plants, such as their classification, identifying characteristics of different phyla, morphology, reproduction, life forms, main algal communities on coral reefs, distribution of algae on coral reefs and their roles, and the use of seaweeds in cookery, medicine, industry, and agriculture. The third chapter on the seaweed flora of Hainan Island contains species composition of the marine benthic flora, the complete list of marine plants found by researchers from all studies, and historical changes in the flora and seasonal changes. The final chapter shows how to identify common species of marine plants on coral reefs of Hainan Island. This excellent work will help readers identify relevant plants, also teaching them how to use plant resources to assess endangered states and create conservation strategies. - Presents the first publication devoted to the description of marine plants of Hainan Island - Describes marine plants, including the role of their communities in ecosystems of coral reef - Discusses seasonal and decadal changes in biodiversity and the composition of the marine flora of the island - Combines fundamental morphology with utilization and related products
Download or read book Geomorphology and Global Environmental Change written by Olav Slaymaker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-02 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A statement from the world's leading geomorphologists on the state of, and potential changes to, the environment.
Download or read book French Polynesian Coral Reefs Abstracts intended contributions written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Biology of Coral Reefs written by Charles R. C. Sheppard and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-06-25 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reefs represent the most spectacular and diverse marine ecosystem on the planet as well as a critical source of income for millions of people. However, the combined effects of human activity have led to a rapid decline in the health of reefs worldwide, with many now facing complete destruction. This timely book provides an integrated overview of the function, physiology, ecology, and behaviour of coral reef organisms. Each chapter is enriched with a selection of 'boxes' on specific aspects written by internationally recognised experts. As with other books in the Biology of Habitats Series, the emphasis in this book is on the organisms that dominate this marine environment although pollution, conservation, climate change, and experimental aspects are also included. Indeed, particular emphasis is placed on conservation and management due to the habitat's critically endangered status. A global range of examples is employed which gives the book international relevance. This accessible text is intended for students, naturalists and professionals and assumes no previous knowledge of coral reef biology. It is particularly suitable for both senior undergraduate and graduate students (in departments of biology, geography, and environmental science) taking courses in coral reef ecology, marine biology, oceanography and conservation biology, as well as the many professional ecologists and conservation biologists requiring a concise overview of the topic. It will also be of relevance and use to reef managers, recreational divers, and amateur naturalists.
Download or read book Atoll of Funafuti Borings Into a Coral Reef and the Results Being the Report of the Coral Reef Committee of the Royal Society written by T. G. D. Bonney and published by . This book was released on 1904 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress Abstracts intended contributions written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coral Reef Ecology written by Yuri I. Sorokin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-12 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coral reef communities are among the most complex, mature and productive ecosystems on earth. Their activity resulted in the creation of vast lime constructions. Being extremely productive and having the function of a powerful biofilter, coral reefs play an important role in global biogeochemical processes and in the reproduction of food resources in tropical marine regions. All aspects of coral reef science are covered systematically and on the basis of a holistic ecosystem approach. The geological history of coral reefs, their geomorphology as well as biology including community structure of reef biota, their functional characteristics, physiological aspects, biogeochemical metabolism, energy balance, environmental problems and management of resources are treated in detail.
Download or read book The Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessing the science related to climate change. It provides policymakers with regular assessments of the scientific basis of human-induced climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. This IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate is the most comprehensive and up-to-date assessment of the observed and projected changes to the ocean and cryosphere and their associated impacts and risks, with a focus on resilience, risk management response options, and adaptation measures, considering both their potential and limitations. It brings together knowledge on physical and biogeochemical changes, the interplay with ecosystem changes, and the implications for human communities. It serves policymakers, decision makers, stakeholders, and all interested parties with unbiased, up-to-date, policy-relevant information. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Download or read book Journal of Sedimentary Petrology written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
