Download or read book Prediction of the Strength of Human Long Bone Using CT Based Finite Element Method written by Zainab Altai and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Prediction of Human Cortical Bone Strength Using the Finite Element Method written by Stephen Andrew Rossi and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prediction of Mechanical Strength of Bone Using Finite Element Analysis and Computed Tomography written by Amjad Toufik Zaim and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prediction of Femoral Strength Using Automated Finite Element Modeling written by Joyce Helene Keyak and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Finite Element Method and Medical Imaging Techniques in Bone Biomechanics written by Rabeb Ben Kahla and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital models based on data from medical images have recently become widespread in the field of biomechanics. This book summarizes medical imaging techniques and processing procedures, both of which are necessary for creating bone models with finite element methods. Chapter 1 introduces the main principles and the application of the most commonly used medical imaging techniques. Chapter 2 describes the major methods and steps of medical image analysis and processing. Chapter 3 presents a brief review of recent studies on reconstructed finite element bone models, based on medical images. Finally, Chapter 4 reveals the digital results obtained for the main bone sites that have been targeted by finite element modeling in recent years.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Medical Imaging written by Paul Suetens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-06 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Medical Imaging, second edition, is an invaluable technical introduction to each imaging modality, explaining the mathematical and physical principles and giving a clear understanding of how images are obtained and interpreted. Individual chapters cover each imaging modality – radiography, CT, MRI, nuclear medicine and ultrasound – reviewing the physics of the signal and its interaction with tissue, the image formation or reconstruction process, a discussion of image quality and equipment, clinical applications and biological effects and safety issues. Subsequent chapters review image analysis and visualization for diagnosis, treatment and surgery. New to this edition: • Appendix of questions and answers • New chapter on 3D image visualization • Advanced mathematical formulae in separate text boxes • Ancillary website containing 3D animations: www.cambridge.org/suetens • Full colour illustrations throughout Engineers, clinicians, mathematicians and physicists will find this an invaluable aid in understanding the physical principles of imaging and their clinical applications.
Download or read book The Law of Bone Remodelling written by Julius Wolff and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Translated from the German by Maquet, P.; Furlong, R.
Download or read book Developments and Novel Approaches in Biomechanics and Metamaterials written by Bilen Emek Abali and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-06 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a selection of cutting-edge methods that allow readers to obtain novel models for nonlinear solid mechanics. Today, engineers need more accurate techniques for modeling solid body mechanics, chiefly due to innovative methods like additive manufacturing—for example, 3D printing—but also due to miniaturization. This book focuses on the formulation of continuum and discrete models for complex materials and systems, and especially the design of metamaterials. It gathers outstanding papers from the international conference IcONSOM 2019
Download or read book Quantitative Computed tomography Based Bone strength Indicators for the Identification of Low Bone strength Individuals in a Clinical Environment written by Bino Abel Varghese and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the current study was to develop quantitative computed-tomography (QCT)-based bone-strength indicators that highly correlate with finite-element (FE)-based strength. We perform a combined numerical-experimental study, comparing FE-predicted surface strains with strain gauge measurements, to validate the FE models of 36 long bones (humerus, radius, femur and tibia) under three-point bending and torsion. The FE models were constructed from trans-axial volumetric CT scans, and the segmented bone images were corrected for partial-volume effects. The material properties (Young's modulus for cortex, density-modulus relationship for trabecular bone and Poisson's ratio) were calibrated by minimizing the error between experiments and simulations among all bones. The resultant R2 values of the measured strains versus load under three-point bending and torsion were 0.96-0.99 and 0.61-0.99, respectively, for all bones in our data set. The errors of the calculated FE strains in comparison to those measured using strain gauges in the mechanical tests ranged from -6% to 7% under bending and from -37% to 19% under torsion. The observation of comparatively low errors and high correlations between the FE-predicted strains and the experimental strains, across the various types of bones and loading conditions (bending and torsion), validates our approach to bone segmentation and our choice of material properties. Based on the analysis of the various FE models of the long bones, the location of the CT slice on the bone that showed the highest propensity to fracture was identified for four loading conditions (compression, three-point bending, cantilever bending and torsion). The identified CT slice was then used to derive novel and improved bone-strength indicators. We evaluated the performance of area-weighted (AW), density-weighted (DW) and modulus-weighted (MW) rigidity measures as well as popular strength indicators like section modulus and stress-strain index. We have also developed a novel strength metric, the centroid deviation, which takes into consideration the spatial distribution of the centroids. Here, we observed that the MW polar moment of inertia and the MW moment of inertia were the two top-performers (average r
Download or read book Multiscale Modeling of the Skeletal System written by Marco Viceconti and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrative approaches to biomedical research promise to advance our understanding of the human body and physiopathology of diseases. In this book, the author focuses on the skeletal system, demonstrating how multiscale modeling can determine the relationship between bone mechanics and disease. Introductory chapters explain the concept of integrative research, what a model is, predictive modeling, and the computational methods used throughout the book. Starting with whole body anatomy, physiology and modeling, subsequent chapters scale down from bone and tissue levels to the cellular level, where the modeling of mechanobiological processes is addressed. Finally, the principles are applied to address truly complex, multiscale interactions. Special attention is given to real-world clinical applications: one in pediatric skeletal oncology and one on the prediction of fracture risks in osteoporotic patients. This book has wide interdisciplinary appeal and is a valuable resource for researchers in mechanical and biomedical engineering, quantitative physiology and computational biology.
Download or read book Finite Element Analysis of a Femur to Deconstruct the Design Paradox of Bone Curvature written by Sameer Jade and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The femur is the longest limb bone found in humans. Almost all the long limb bones found in terrestrial mammals, including the femur studied herein, have been observed to be loaded in bending and are curved longitudinally. The curvature in these long bones increases the bending stress developed in the bone, potentially reducing the bone's load carrying capacity, i.e. its mechanical strength. Therefore, bone curvature poses a paradox in terms of the mechanical function of long limb bones. The aim of this study is to investigate and explain the role of longitudinal bone curvature in the design of long bones. In particular, it has been hypothesized that curvature of long bones results in a trade-off between the bone's mechanical strength and its bending predictability. This thesis employs finite element analysis of human femora to address this issue. Simplified human femora with different curvatures were modeled and analyzed using ANSYS Workbench finite element analysis software. The results obtained are compared between different curvatures including a straight bone. We examined how the bone curvature affects the bending predictability and load carrying capacity of bones. Results were post processed to yield probability density functions (PDFs) for circumferential location of maximum equivalent stress for various bone curvatures to assess the bending predictability of bones. To validate our findings on the geometrically simplified ANSYS Workbench femur models, a digitally reconstructed femur model from a CT scan of a real human femur was employed. For this model we performed finite element analysis in the FEA tool, Strand7, executing multiple simulations for different load cases. The results from the CT scanned femur model and those from the CAD femur model were then compared. We found general agreement in trends but some quantitative differences most likely due to the geometric differences between the digitally reconstructed femur model and the simplified CAD models. As postulated by others, our results support the hypothesis that the bone curvature is a trade-off between the bone strength and its bending predictability. Bone curvature increases bending predictability at the expense of load carrying capacity.
Download or read book Bone Strength Multi axial Behavior Volume Fraction Anisotropy and Microarchitecture written by Arnav Sanyal and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trabecular bone is a major load-bearing tissue in the musculoskeletal system and is subjected to various multi-axial loads in vivo. For example, in the vertebral body, the trabecular bone is primarily subjected to uniaxial loads, in the proximal femur, trabecular bone is subjected to biaxial loads i.e. loads oriented at two mutually perpendicular directions, in distal radius, the trabecular bone can subjected to shear loads due to off-axis loading during a traumatic event. Understanding the multi-axial strength and underlying tissue-level failure mechanisms of human trabecular bone is of great clinical and scientific importance since age-related osteoporotic fractures primarily occur at trabecular bone sites, such as the hip, spine and wrist. With the onset of osteoporosis, there is an increase in porosity and deterioration of the microarchitecture of trabecular bone, which results in increased fragility and fracture susceptibility of trabecular bone. Using high-resolution, micro-CT based nonlinear finite element models, we investigated the strength of trabecular bone under compression, shear, biaxial and multiaxial loading conditions. Under uniaxial loading, it was shown that the variation in both compressive and shear strength was primarily attributed to the volume fraction of the trabecular bone, but the observed scatter in the ratio of the shear and compressive strength was attributed to heterogeneity and anisotropy of the trabecular microarchitecture. At the tissue-level, it was shown that shear loading leads to predominantly tensile tissue failure unlike compression loading that makes trabecular bone much weaker under shear loading. Under biaxial loading, it was shown that the yield strength varied with both volume fraction and anisotropy, and most of the variation in biaxial strength could be primarily attributed to similar variation of the uniaxial strengths with minor variations due to trabecular microarchitecture. Based on these results, the complete multi-axial yield strength behavior of trabecular bone was investigated for over 200 multi-axial load cases. A new yield strength criterion was then formulated in the six-dimensional strain space to mathematically characterize the multiaxial failure criterion of human trabecular bone. The research presented in this dissertation has provided considerable insight into the variation of both apparent-level strength and the tissue-level failure mechanisms of trabecular bone under various loading conditions. The role of bone volume fraction, anisotropy and microarchitecture on the uniaxial and multi-axial strength has been outlined. A multi-axial failure criterion has been formulated which can be used to noninvasively predict the strength of whole bones of osteoporotic patients using clinical CT scans.
Download or read book Proceedings of XXIV AIMETA Conference 2019 written by Antonio Carcaterra and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 2200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the peer-reviewed papers presented at the XXIV Conference of the Italian Association of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, held in Rome, Italy, on September 15-19, 2019 (AIMETA 2019). The conference topics encompass all aspects of general, fluid, solid and structural mechanics, as well as mechanics for machines and mechanical systems, including theoretical, computational and experimental techniques and technological applications. As such the book represents an invaluable, up-to-the-minute tool, providing an essential overview of the most recent advances in the field.
Download or read book Biomarkers in Bone Disease written by Victor R. Preedy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade there has been a major sea change in the way disease is diagnosed and investigated due to the advent of high throughput technologies, such as microarrays, lab on a chip, proteomics, genomics, lipomics, metabolomics etc. These advances have enabled the discovery of new and novel markers of disease relating to autoimmune disorders, cancers, endocrine diseases, genetic disorders, sensory damage, intestinal diseases etc. In many instances these developments have gone hand in hand with the discovery of biomarkers elucidated via traditional or conventional methods, such as histopathology or clinical biochemistry. Together with microprocessor-based data analysis, advanced statistics and bioinformatics these markers have been used to identify individuals with active disease or pathology as well as those who are refractory or have distinguishing pathologies. New analytical methods that have been used to identify markers of disease and is suggested that there may be as many as 40 different platforms. Unfortunately techniques and methods have not been readily transferable to other disease states and sometimes diagnosis still relies on single analytes rather than a cohort of markers. There is thus a demand for a comprehensive and focused evidenced-based text and scientific literature that addresses these issues. Hence the formulation of Biomarkers in Disease. The series covers a wide number of areas including for example, nutrition, cancer, endocrinology, cardiology, addictions, immunology, birth defects, genetics, and so on. The chapters are written by national or international experts and specialists.
Download or read book Elastic Properties of the Human Femur written by Annette Bretin and published by . This book was released on 2019-02-04 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patient-specific finite element modelling of bone is a promising method for surgical planning, implant design and the prediction of bone remodelling or fracture risks, yet the assignment of material properties is challenging. Bone is a complicated structure with direction-dependent, inhomogeneous material properties, influenced by compositional, geometrical and architectural aspects. This volume focuses on a density-based assignment of orthotropic bone properties. Elasticity-density relationships in homogenized femoral zones were examined to evaluate the orthotropic density-dependence of the nine elastic material constants locally. Cortical bone samples were tested in compression and torsion tests using videoextensometry to determine the elastic constants. The elastic properties of cancellous bone were predicted by micro finite element analysis. All determined constants were correlated to the radiological bone mineral density of each sample, which was determined by quantitative computed tomography. The trabecular eigensystem was investigated for each cancellous zone to assign the mean directionality of trabecular fabric. The results can be beneficial for density-based orthotropic material assignment in femoral patient-specific finite element models.
Download or read book A Comprehensive Evaluation of Methods to Determine Mechanical Properties of Long Bone written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Methods written by Franz Roters and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the leading experts in computational materials science, this handy reference concisely reviews the most important aspects of plasticity modeling: constitutive laws, phase transformations, texture methods, continuum approaches and damage mechanisms. As a result, it provides the knowledge needed to avoid failures in critical systems udner mechanical load. With its various application examples to micro- and macrostructure mechanics, this is an invaluable resource for mechanical engineers as well as for researchers wanting to improve on this method and extend its outreach.
