Download or read book Prediction of Ice Formations on an Airfoil written by M. O. Kloner and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prediction of Aerodynamic Penalties Caused by Ice Formations on Various Airfoils written by Vernon H. Gray and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Ice and Frost Formations on Drag of NACA 651 212 Airfoil for Various Modes of Thermal Ice Protection written by Vernon H. Gray and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of primary and runback icing and frost formations on the drag of an 8-foot-chord NACA 651-212 airfoil section were investigated over a range of angles of attack from 2 degrees to 8 degrees and airspeeds up to 260 miles per hour for icing conditions with liquid-water contents ranging from 0.25 to 1.4 grams per cubic meter and datum air temperatures of -30 to 30 degrees F.

Download or read book Correlations Among Ice Measurements Impingement Rates Icing Conditions and Drag Coefficients for Unswept NACA 65A004 Airfoil written by Vernon H. Gray and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An empirical relation has been obtained by which the change in drag coefficient caused by ice formations on an unswept NACA 65A004 airfoil section can be determined from the following icing and operating conditions: icing time, airspeed, air total temperature, liquid-water content, cloud droplet impingement efficiencies, airfoil chord length, and angles of attack. The correlation was obtained by use of measured ice heights and ice angles. These measurements were obtained from a variety of ice formations, which were carefully photographed, cross-sectioned, and weighed. Ice weights increased at a constant rate with icing time in a rime icing condition and at progressively increasing rates in glaze icing conditions. Initial rates of ice collection agreed reasonably well with values predicted from droplet impingement data. Experimental droplet impingement rates obtained on this airfoil section agreed with previous theoretical calculatations for angles of attack of 4 degrees or less. Disagreement at higher angles of attack was attributed to flow separation from the upper surface of the experimental airfoil model.

Download or read book Effect of Pneumatic De icers and Ice Formations on Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Airfoil written by Dean T. Bowden and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of lift, drag, and pitching moment of an NACA 0011 airfoil were made in icing using two types of pneumatic de-icers, one having spanwise inflatable tubes and the other having chordwise tubes. Ice remaining after inflation of the spanwise-tube de-icer increased airfoil section drag 7 to 37 percent for 0 to 4.6 degrees angle of attack over the ranges of airspeed, total air temperature, liquid-water content, and cycle times covered. This drag increase became constant after a few de-icing cycles. Drag increases due to ice remaining on the chordwise-tube de-icer were similar to those for the spanwise-tube de-icer. Minimum airfoil drag in icing (averaged over a de-icing cycle) was usually obtained with a short (about i min) de-icing cycle.

Download or read book Ice Formation on Aircraft written by and published by . This book was released on 1943 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Approximations for the Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of High temperature Air written by C. Frederick Hansen and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thermodynamic and transport prorerties of high-temperature air are found in closed form starting from approximate partition functions for the major components in air and neglecting all minor components. The compressibility, energy, entropy, the specific heats, the speed of sound, the coefficients of viscosity and of thermal conductivity, and the Prandtl numbers for air are tabulated from 500 degrees to 15,000 degrees K over a range of pressure from 0.0001 to 100 atmospheres. The enthalpy of air and the mol fractions of the major components of air can easily be found from the tabulated values for compressibility and energy. It is predicted that the Prandtl number for fully ionized air will become small compared to unity, the order of 0.01, and this implies that boundary layers in such flow will be very transparent to heat flux.

Download or read book NASA Technical Note written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prediction of Ice Shapes on Wings and Multi element Airfoils written by Hsun H. Chen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Dra Nasa Onera Collaboration on Icing Research Part 2 Prediction of Airfoil Ice Accretion written by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-10-27 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents results from a joint study by DRA, NASA, and ONERA for the purpose of comparing, improving, and validating the aircraft icing computer codes developed by each agency. These codes are of three kinds: (1) water droplet trajectory prediction, (2) ice accretion modeling, and (3) transient electrothermal deicer analysis. In this joint study, the agencies compared their code predictions with each other and with experimental results. These comparison exercises were published in three technical reports, each with joint authorship. DRA published and had first authorship of Part 1 - Droplet Trajectory Calculations, NASA of Part 2 - Ice Accretion Prediction, and ONERA of Part 3 - Electrothermal Deicer Analysis. The results cover work done during the period from August 1986 to late 1991. As a result, all of the information in this report is dated. Where necessary, current information is provided to show the direction of current research. In this present report on ice accretion, each agency predicted ice shapes on two dimensional airfoils under icing conditions for which experimental ice shapes were available. In general, all three codes did a reasonable job of predicting the measured ice shapes. For any given experimental condition, one of the three codes predicted the general ice features (i.e., shape, impingement limits, mass of ice) somewhat better than did the other two. However, no single code consistently did better than the other two over the full range of conditions examined, which included rime, mixed, and glaze ice conditions. In several of the cases, DRA showed that the user's knowledge of icing can significantly improve the accuracy of the code prediction. Rime ice predictions were reasonably accurate and consistent among the codes, because droplets freeze on impact and the freezing model is simple. Glaze ice predictions were less accurate and less consistent among the codes, because the freezing model is more complex and is critically dependent...

Download or read book Aircraft Ice Protection written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ice Accretion and Icing Technology written by Robert J Flemming and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of inflight atmospheric icing can be devastating to aircraft. Universities and industry have been hard at work to respond to the challenge of maintaining flight safety in all weather conditions. Proposed changes in the regulations for operation in icing conditions are sure to keep this type of research and development at its highest level. This is especially true for the effects of ice crystals in the atmosphere, and for the threat associated with supercooled large drop (SLD) icing. This collection of ten SAE International technical papers brings together vital contributions to the subject. Icing on aircraft surfaces would not be a problem if a material were discovered that prevented the freezing and accretion of supercooled drops. Many options that appeared to have promising icephobic properties have had serious shortfalls in durability. This title addresses, among other topics, the measurement techniques and the drop physics that apply to icing, certification for flight through ice crystal clouds and in supercooled large drops, improvements in predictive techniques, scaling methods, test facilities and techniques, and rotorcraft icing.

Download or read book Ice Accretion and Icing Technology written by Robert J Flemming and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of inflight atmospheric icing can be devastating to aircraft. Universities and industry have been hard at work to respond to the challenge of maintaining flight safety in all weather conditions. Proposed changes in the regulations for operation in icing conditions are sure to keep this type of research and development at its highest level. This is especially true for the effects of ice crystals in the atmosphere, and for the threat associated with supercooled large drop (SLD) icing. This collection of ten SAE International technical papers brings together vital contributions to the subject. Icing on aircraft surfaces would not be a problem if a material were discovered that prevented the freezing and accretion of supercooled drops. Many options that appeared to have promising icephobic properties have had serious shortfalls in durability. This title addresses, among other topics, the measurement techniques and the drop physics that apply to icing, certification for flight through ice crystal clouds and in supercooled large drops, improvements in predictive techniques, scaling methods, test facilities and techniques, and rotorcraft icing.

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Download or read book The Influence of Viscous Effects on Ice Accretion Prediction and Airfoil Performance Predictions written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-24 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A computational study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using a viscous flow solution in an ice accretion code and the resulting accuracy of aerodynamic performance prediction. Ice shapes were obtained for one single-element and one multi-element airfoil using both potential flow and Navier-Stokes flowfields in the LEWICE ice accretion code. Aerodynamics were then calculated using a Navier-Stokes flow solver. Kreeger, Richard E. and Wright, William B. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2005-213593, AIAA Paper 2005-1373, E-15061

Download or read book Iceg2d V2 0 An Integrated Software Package for Automated Prediction of Flow Fields for Single Element Airfoils with Ice Accretion written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An integrated geometry/grid/simulation software package, ICEG2D, is being developed to automate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations for single- and multi-element airfoils with ice accretions. The current version, ICEG213 (v2.0), was designed to automatically perform four primary functions: (1) generate a grid-ready surface definition based on the geometrical characteristics of the iced airfoil surface, (2) generate high-quality structured and generalized grids starting from a defined surface definition, (3) generate the input and restart files needed to run the structured grid CFD solver NPARC or the generalized grid CFD solver HYBFL2D, and (4) using the flow solutions, generate solution-adaptive grids. ICEG2D (v2.0) can be operated in either a batch mode using a script file or in an interactive mode by entering directives from a command line within a Unix shell. This report summarizes activities completed in the first two years of a three-year research and development program to address automation issues related to CFD simulations for airfoils with ice accretions. As well as describing the technology employed in the software, this document serves as a users manual providing installation and operating instructions. An evaluation of the software is also presented.Thompson David S. and Soni, Bharat K.Glenn Research CenterAPPLICATIONS PROGRAMS (COMPUTERS); AIRFOILS; COMPUTER PROGRAMS; FLOW DISTRIBUTION; ICE FORMATION; COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS; COMPUTATIONAL GRIDS; INSTALLING; RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; SIMULATION; STRUCTURED GRIDS (MATHEMATICS); UNIX (OPERATING SYSTEM); USER MANUALS (COMPUTER PROGRAMS)

Download or read book Handbook of Numerical Simulation of In Flight Icing written by Wagdi George Habashi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-12 with total page 1278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook of Numerical Simulation of In-Flight Icing covers an array of methodologies and technologies on numerical simulation of in-flight icing and its applications. Comprised of contributions from internationally recognized experts from the Americas, Asia, and the EU, this authoritative, self-contained reference includes best practices and specification data spanning the gamut of simulation tools available internationally that can be used to speed up the certification of aircraft and make them safer to fly into known icing. The collection features nine sections concentrating on aircraft, rotorcraft, jet engines, UAVs; ice protection systems, including hot-air, electrothermal, and others; sensors and probes, CFD in the aid of testing, flight simulators, and certification process acceleration methods. Incorporating perspectives from academia, commercial, government R&D, the book is ideal for a range of engineers and scientists concerned with in-flight icing applications.