Download or read book Prediction of Crop Yields Under a Changing Climate written by Godfrey Shem Juma and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of increasing climate variability on crop yield is now evident. Predicting the potential effects of climate change on crops prompts the use of statistical models to measure how the crop responds to climate variables. This chapter examines the usage of regression analysis in predicting crop yield under a changing climate. Data quality control is explained and application of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and contingency tables discussed. Methodological aspects of crop yield modeling and prediction using climate variables are described. Estimation of yield via a multilinear regression approach is outlined and an overview of statistical model verification introduced. The study recommends the usage of regression models in estimating crop yield in consideration of many other externalities that can contribute to yield change.
Download or read book Agrometeorology written by Ram Swaroop Meena and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-05-19 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agrometeorology is a much-needed reference to the practice of merging the science of meteorology with the service of agriculture. Written in a concise, straightforward style, the book presents examples of clinical applications (methods, techniques, models, and services) in varying climates and agricultural systems, documenting up-to-date research literature from around the world. The information contained herein is useful for scientists and planners engaged in regional and land-use planning, soil and water conservation, risk analysis of climate hazards, harvest forecasts, and the ecological and economic implications of climate change.
Download or read book Climate Change Effect on Crop Productivity written by Rakesh S. Sengar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore the Relationship between Crop and Climate Agricultural sustainability has been gaining prominence in recent years and is now becoming the focal point of modern agriculture. Recognizing that crop production is very sensitive to climate change, Climate Change Effect on Crop Productivity explores this timely topic in-depth. Incorporating contributions by expert scientists, professors, and researchers from around the world, it emphasizes concerns about the current state of agriculture and of our environment. This text analyzes the global consequences to crop yields, production, and risk of hunger linking climate and socioeconomic scenarios. Addresses Biotechnology, Climate Change, and Plant Productivity The book contains 19 chapters covering issues such as CO2, ozone on plants, productivity fertilization effect, UV (ultraviolet) radiation, temperature, and stress on crop growth. The text discusses the impact of changing climate on agriculture, environment stress physiology, adaptation mechanism, climate change data of recent years, impact of global warming, and climate change on different crops. It explores the overall global picture in terms of the effect of crops to climate change during abiotic stress and considers strategies for offsetting and adapting to ongoing climate change. Details how and why climate change occurs and how it effects crop productivity and agriculture Considers what measures should be taken to mitigate the effect of climate change on agriculture Highlights the effect of climate change on crop productivity, the invention of new technology, and strategies for agriculture practice to adapt to climate change Provides an analysis of the global warming effect on crop productivity due to climate change and long-term agriculture technique development Confirms the asymmetry between potentially severe agricultural damages such as the effect on crop yield due to variation in temperature Reports on the results of experiments to assess the effects of global climate change on crop productivity An asset to agriculturists, environmentalists, climate change specialists, policy makers, and research scholars, Climate Change Effect on Crop Productivity provides relevant information and opportunities for productive engagement and discussion among government negotiators, experts, stakeholders, and others concerned about climate change and agriculture.
Download or read book Climate Prediction and Agriculture written by Mannava VK Sivakumar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-26 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on an International Workshop held in Geneva in 2005, this book reviews the advances made so far in seasonal climate predictions and their applications for management and decision-making in agriculture. It also identifies the challenges to be addressed in the next 5 to 10 years to further enhance operational applications of climate predictions in agriculture, especially in developing countries.
Download or read book Modeling Impacts of Climate Change on Crop Yield written by Tongxi Hu and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is threatening food security as it is generally perceived to have negative impacts on agricultural production. Understanding this impact is central to adaptations to reduce potential yield loss. However, yield responses to changes in climate are complicated and have not been well understood. This project aims to characterize yield responses to the changing climate by utilizing modeling approaches, which in turn will help develop decision-supporting tools to inform policy or adaptation strategies. In this dissertation, we address several questions in modeling the impact of climate change on crop yield. First, in Chapter 2, we reviewed and synthesized current progress and findings from studies in the last 21 years using data-driven approaches. We found that previous studies generally agree that warming will negatively affect crop yields. For example, maize, wheat, soybean, and rice yield could be reduced by 7.5 ± 5.3%, 6.0 ± 3.3%, 6.8 ± 5.9%, and 1.2 ± 5.2% with 1 °C warming. Climate change could account for 37% of yield variability across the world. We also identified challenges and issues in previous studies, and thus developed a Bayesian model framework in Chapter 3 to overcome part of these challenges. The proposed Bayesian model framework was used in Chapter 4 to characterize spatial variations in yield responses to changes in climate variables with response curves. These response curves could help us identify what threats crop yield of a county is facing or will face and inform adaptation strategies to deal with these threats. If without adaptions, projected climate conditions of more than 36 climate models under four Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5 (CMIP5) scenarios would benefit crops in some areas but could also cause severe yield loss in others. These yield changes are location- and scenario-specific. The Henry County in northern Ohio, for example, would have a yield increase of 1.2% and 0.7% under RCP 2.6 and 6.0 (both scenarios are moderate warming), and a yield decline of 0.1% and 3.1% under RCP 4.5 and 8.5 when both temperature and precipitation increase too much. In addition to the data-driven approach, Chapters 5 and 6 proposed a mechanism-driven approach to simulate crop growth by combining radiative transfer and photosynthesis processes (RP). This approach holds the promise to simulate crop growth under future climate conditions which are featured with elevated CO2 concentration, frequent extreme events such as heatwaves. Our assessment of this approach indicates that its simulations have overall good agreement with either flux data measured by Eddy covariance (correlation > 0.8) or field observations of crop yields (a correlation of 0.79). We then integrated the RP approach to a widely used agroecosystem model—the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) and test its utility in quantifying crop yield and soil organic carbon (SOC) changes in the context of climate change through a case study at a watershed level. The simulated crop yields have an agreement of 0.92 with reported yields by USDA-NASS during 2006 and 2013. The model estimated that SOC change (-31.7 Mg C ha-1) is also consistent with estimates using inventory methods or model simulations in previous studies. Projected yields of maize, soybean, and winter wheat could be reduced by -26.12%, -27.3%, and -4.4%, and SOC stock could experience a reduction with a range from 36.1~41.5 Mg C ha-1 for 2036-2043 under climate conditions projected by 5 climate models form four CMIP6 scenarios (i.e., SSP 2.6, 4.5, 7.0, and 8.5). The results from this dissertation highlight the potential of these tools in helping us understand the impacts of climate change on crop yields and make adaptation strategies to fight climate change.
Download or read book Crop Yields written by Lijuan Huang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work the authors present current research in the study of the production, management practices and impact of climate change on crop yields across the globe. The topics discussed include the peculiarities of photosynthesis on wheat genotypes contrast in grain yield and their use in breeding programs, options for optimal use of water resources for securing future agricultural production, the potential impact of climate change on wheat production in Australia, and improvement of cotton production in arid saline soils by beneficial microbes.
Download or read book Climate Variability Modeling Tools and Agricultural Decision making written by Angel Utset Suastegui and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New policies must be adopted under climate change conditions to secure sustainability of agricultural crop production. Despite the proved reliability of present climate and crop-growth modelling tools for climate risk assessments, they have been not been noticeably applied for supporting agricultural decision-making in practice. The EU proposal AGRIDEMA provided initial contacts and collaborations between "developers" and potential "users", basically researchers and experts at agricultural services. This book reviews the AGRIDEMA results. The book is designed to introduce the currently-available climate and crop-growth models, to summarise their potentialities as tools to provide reliable Climate-Change adaptation options in agriculture and to show several examples of the combined use such tools in specific climate-change agricultural risks in several countries.
Download or read book Making Climate Forecasts Matter written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-27 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Nino has been with us for centuries, but now we can forcast it, and thus can prepare far in advance for the extreme climatic events it brings. The emerging ability to forecast climate may be of tremendous value to humanity if we learn how to use the information well. How does society cope with seasonal-to-interannual climatic variations? How have climate forecasts been usedâ€"and how useful have they been? What kinds of forecast information are needed? Who is likely to benefit from forecasting skill? What are the benefits of better forecasting? This book reviews what we know about these and other questions and identifies research directions toward more useful seasonal-to-interannual climate forecasts. In approaching their recommendations, the panel explores: Vulnerability of human activities to climate. State of the science of climate forecasting. How societies coevolved with their climates and cope with variations in climate. How climate information should be disseminated to achieve the best response. How we can use forecasting to better manage the human consequences of climate change.
Download or read book Crop Adaptation to Climate Change written by Shyam Singh Yadav and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A major task of our time is to ensure adequate food supplies for the world's current population (now nearing 7 billion) in a sustainable way while protecting the vital functions and biological diversity of the global environment. The task of providing for a growing population is likely to be even more difficult in view of actual and potential changes in climatic conditions due to global warming, and as the population continues to grow. Current projections suggest that the world's temperatures will rise 1.8-4.0 by 2100 and population may reach 8 billion by the year 2025 and some 9 billion by mid-century, after which it may stabilize. This book addresses these critical issues by presenting the science needed not only to understand climate change effects on crops but also to adapt current agricultural systems, particularly in regard to genetics, to the changing conditions. Crop Adaptation to Climate Change covers a spectrum of issues related to both crops and climatic conditions. The first two sections provide a foundation on the factors involved in climate stress, assessing current climate change by region and covering crop physiological responses to these changes. The third and final section contains chapters focused on specific crops and the current research to improve their genetic adaptation to climate change. Written by an international team of authors, Crop Adaptation to Climate Change is a timely look at the potentially serious consequences of climate change for our global food supply, and is an essential resource for academics, researchers and professionals in the fields of crop science, agronomy, plant physiology and molecular biology; crop consultants and breeders; as well as climate and food scientists.
Download or read book Understanding Climate Change Impacts on Crop Productivity and Water Balance written by S. K. Jalota and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Climate Change Impacts on Crop Productivity and Water examines the greenhouse gas emissions and their warming effect, climate change projections, crop productivity and water. The book explores the most important greenhouse gases that influence the climate system, technical terms associated with climate projections, and the different mechanisms impacting crop productivity and water balance. Adaptive and mitigative strategies are proposed to cope with negative effects of climate change in particular domains. This book will help researchers interested in climate change impacts on the atmosphere, soil and plants. Uncovers links between climate change and its impact on crop and water outputs Integrates information on greenhouse gas cycles and mathematical equations into climate/crop models for analysis and seasonal prediction systems Provides strategies for efficient resource management and sustainable crop production in future Helps researchers interested in climate change impacts on the atmosphere, soil and plants
Download or read book Projecting Future Crop Yields Under Impending Climate Change written by Violeta Benvenuto Freudenberg and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents a top-down, bottom-up modeling framework to investigate the effects of future climate on crop production in an intensively managed watershed of the Mississippi River Basin, a world leading crop producer. Specifically, this study will examine how climate modification will alter soil moisture, soil organic carbon, and ultimately crop yields in the Obion River, TN. Representative hydrologic response areas in the Obion River watershed are identified using the Variable Infiltration Capacity regional hydrologic model. This identification criterion considers both soil properties and changing hydrology, through the runoff coefficient and slope. Select hillslopes are further chosen in the representative areas and the physically based, hillslope-scale model, Water Erosion Prediction Project, is used to examine the cause-effect relations between management and climate. This includes changes in soil moisture, soil organic carbon loss, and soil erosion until 2050 under established climate scenarios to aid in the development of sustainable solutions. Results will indicate that effects from this changing climate are visible through a decrease in the utilization of available water and a decrease in soil organic carbon, with negative consequences to soil and water quality. Furthermore, these effects have a projected decrease to crop yields. Foreseeing potential impacts, through improvements to current management practices, could help improve future outcomes.
Download or read book Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 61 written by Shah Fahad and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-13 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book aim to contribute the latest understandings of physiological, biochemical and molecular bases of the responses of major crop plants to a range of different biomass produced biochar to introduce climate resilience crop varieties which leads to enhanced crop productivity and quality under stressful conditions and also for better utilization of natural resources to ensure food security through modern breeding. Finally, this book will be a valuable resource for future plant stress related research with biochar, and can be considered as a reference book for front-line researchers working on sustaining crop production under climate change. Adverse effects of climate changes on crops has developed the situation quite critical for sustainable agriculture. Food security has become in danger due to low production of agricultural crops by resilient climate and ever increasing human population. Heat, drought, salinity, soil compaction, flooding and poor soil organic carbon induced stress in crops by climate adverse conditions are major concerns in this regard. A mechanistic understanding of the interactions between abiotic stresses response of crops is needed to identify and take advantage of acclimation traits in major crop species as a prerequisite for securing robust yield and good quality. This underpins a need for crops with inherent yield increase, yield stability against multiple abiotic stresses and improved quality. Individual stress tolerance mechanisms have been well documented so far. However, mechanisms behind plants’ tolerance by application of biochar and its interactions with soil and plant roots towards multiple abiotic stresses are not fully understood. In addition, there will always be some uncertainty associated with modelling the complex relationships between agricultural yields, product quality with biochar under future climate scenarios. Prediction of yield and quality stability, one of most complex agronomic traits, must integrate aspects of plant development, physiology, biochemistry and genetics. Furthermore, the GxExM interactions will complicate the model predications, thus the responses of a given genotype to a defined environment under certain management strategy need to be determined empirically and used to parameterise and refine crop models.
Download or read book Climate Change and Crop Production written by Matthew P. Reynolds and published by CABI. This book was released on 2010 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trends in population growth suggest that global food production is unlikely to satisfy future demand under predicted climate change scenarios unless rates of crop improvement are accelerated. This book provides an overview of the essential disciplines required for sustainable crop production in unpredictable environments.
Download or read book Climate and Food Security written by and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1989 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food security and agricultural research; Climatic variability and crop yields; Climatic vulnerability of major food crops; Climatic variability and factors of agricultural production; Climate modeling and climate change; Social and economic implications of climate-food interaction; Strategies for coping with climatic fluctuation and change.
Download or read book Water Productivity in Agriculture written by J. W. Kijne and published by CABI. This book was released on 2003 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First title in a major new seriesAddresses improving water productivity to relieve problems of scarcity and competition to provide for food and environmental securityDraws from scientists having a multitude of disciplines to approach this important problemIn a large number of developing countries, policy makers and researchers are increasingly aware of the conflicting demands on water, and look at agriculture to be more effective in its use of water. Focusing on both irrigated and rain-fed agriculture, this book gives a state of the art review of the limits and opportunities for improving water productivity in crop production. It demonstrates how efficiency of water use can be enhanced to maximize yields. The book represents the first in a new series of volumes resulting from the Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture, a research program conducted by the CGIAR's Future Harvest Centres, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and partners worldwide. It will be of significant interest to those working in areas of soil and crop science, water management, irrigation, and development studies.
Download or read book Impacts of El Ni o and Climate Variability on Agriculture written by Cynthia Rosenzweig and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crop Yields written by Lijuan Huang and published by Novinka Books. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the authors present current research in the study of the production, management practices and impact of climate change on crop yields across the globe. Topics discussed include the peculiarities of photosynthesis on wheat genotypes contrast in grain yield and their use in breeding programs; options for optimal use of water resources for securing future agricultural production; the potential impact of climate change on wheat production in Australia; and improvement of cotton production in arid saline soils by beneficial microbes.
