Download or read book Predicting Product Properties of Fluidized Bed Spray Granulation Using CFD DEM Simulations written by Paul Kieckhefen and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Novel Method for Predicting Product Properties in Fluidized Bed Spray Granulation Band 19 written by Paul Kieckhefen and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluidized bed spray granulation is a process that facilities particle size enlargement by injecting solids in the form of a suspension, solution or melt. The produced particles are often of high value due to their highly specific, functionalized nature. This work provides a method for utilizing particle-scale simulations method like the coupled Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method (CFD-DEM) to predict the properties of particles produced in scaled-up apparatuses based on laboratory-scale experiments by correlating the conditions that particle experience to the properties they develop. Furthermore, a method for calibrating DEM models of weakly wetted particle systems by utilizing a novel, probabilistic liquid bridge state model is proposed.

Download or read book Predicting the Performance of Different Fluidized and Spouted Beds for Spray Granulation Using CFD DEM Simulations written by Paul Kieckhefen and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluidized bed spray granulation is the preferred way of generating functional, high value granular products. By injecting a solution or suspension onto a fluidized particle bed, the particles grow layer by layer. The process conditions, specifically the drying potential, influence the state of the spray droplets when they impinge on the particles, for example the droplet viscosity and the relative velocity. Both quantities affect the spreading behavior of droplets on the surface, together with the crystallization occurring within the droplets themselves in the case of solutions, resulting in either porous or dense layers. As these phenomena are well accessible in CFD-DEM simulations, their combination can be a powerful tool in the design of granulators that produce tailor-made particles. A concept to realize this goal is presented: The surface structure of granulation products is measured for a variety of different process conditions in small-scale experiments. These experiments are replicated in silico using CFD-DEM, tracking the state of the droplets at impact, as well as the time for the evaporation of liquid layer on the particle surfaces. A mapping between these particle-scale quantities from the simulations and the resulting surface properties in experiments is derived, avoiding the direct dependency process conditions that may be very inhomogeneous in larger apparatuses. The concept is applied to evaluate the influence of granulator geometry (fluidized bed, spouted bed), nozzle configuration (top-spray nozzle, bottom-spray nozzle) and stabilizing internals (Wurster tube, draft plates) on the surface structure of granulation products.

Download or read book Discrete particle modeling of a fluidized bed granulator written by Lennart Fries and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2012-10-29 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Size-enlargement and structuration processes in fluidized beds such as granulation and agglomeration play an important role in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industries as well as in food technology to improve the flowability and the instant properties of solid products. Dustfree and free-flowing particles can be produced in a process with favourable heat- and mass transfer conditions. Furthermore, this technology allows the formulation of particles with novel functionalities by applying coating layers or via the encapsulation of active ingredients. Several interdependent micro mechanisms including particle collisions, wetting, drying and phase transitions govern the process dynamics and complicate predictions on the effect of variable operating conditions on product properties such as structure, strength and re-dissolution behaviour. Profound knowledge on these mechanisms is needed to understand the influence of individual process parameters on the final product properties. A suitable approach to model the particle interactions in fluidized beds is the Discrete Element Method (DEM) coupled with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Information on gas and particle velocities, particle rotation and collision dynamics, which are very complicated to measure in fluidized beds, can be studied in detail with this technique. This thesis presents DEM-CFD simulation results for three different granulator configurations (top-spray, Wurster-coater, spouted bed) in comparison to experimental results, regarding the agglomeration of amorphous maltodextrin (DE 21). In simulation and experiment the identical geometry of the equipment was used. Mechanical material properties, such as the coefficient of restitution and the Young’s modulus, which are required for the DEM model and which are frequently used as fitting parameters, were measured via static and dynamic deformation tests using maltodextrin agglomerates, beads and bars. The strength of the experimentally produced agglomerates was characterized with a compression tester. Their flow behaviour was assessed with the help of a shear cell. Very promising results were obtained showing that the homogeneity of particle wetting can well be approximated with the residence time distribution of the particles inside the spray zone.Homogeneous wetting allows achieving a narrow product size distribution (Fries et al., 2011a).Furthermore, the growth rate of the agglomerates can well be correlated with the simulated wetting intensity, the collision frequency and the collision velocity distribution inside the spray zone. The agglomerate strength shows a strong correlation with the particle-wall collision frequency and velocity distribution found in the simulations. Good agreement was found between the simulation results for the maximum particle deformation and for the energy dissipation during collisions and the measured deformation at the breakage point and the breakage energy. Due to the high numerical effort, DEM is only suitable for small scale applications. However, the obtained information on the kinetics of particle-particle interactions can be applied as input for macroscopic process models in the framework of a multi scale modeling scheme (Fries et al., 2011b; Werther et al., 2011). It can be concluded that DEM is a powerful tool for the detailed characterization of fluidized bed granulators. Highly relevant practical answers can be obtained from the model such as the choice of the optimal equipment geometry depending on material properties and product requirements. The model can point out where to position the spray nozzles in order to achieve homogeneous particle wetting and if a draft tube is helpful to maintain stable particle circulation. Based on such findings the model shows potential to increase the throughput of a fluidized bed granulator, while avoiding a bed collapse.

Download or read book Dynamic Flowsheet Simulation of Solids Processes and Its Application to Fluidized Bed Spray Granulation written by Maksym Dosta and published by . This book was released on 2015-10 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Numerical Study of Cohesive and Non cohesive Particles in a Bottom Spray Fluidized Bed Using Fully Coupled CFD DEM Simulations written by Manogna Adepu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully coupled CFD-DEM simulations were conducted to investigate the applicability of the van der Waals cohesive force model to a bottom spray fluid bed. For the present simulation DEM was executed on the Graphic Unit Processing Unit (GPU) and the CFD on the Central Processing Unit (CPU). For this, DEM code XPS was coupled with CFD code AVL FIRE®. Based on this approach a bottom spray fluid bed coater was simulated for a process of 30 sec to investigate the agglomeration process. The growth and breakage of agglomerates was numerically confirmed. Number of particles sprayed over the simulation time and mean velocity were monitored in both cohesive and non-cohesive systems to understand the behavior of fluidization. To understand the fluidization in the cohesive system three different cases of coating process were investigated with different fluidization velocities.

Download or read book Fluidized Bed Reactors Processes and Operating Conditions written by John G. Yates and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fluidized-bed reactor is the centerpiece of industrial fluidization processes. This book focuses on the design and operation of fluidized beds in many different industrial processes, emphasizing the rationale for choosing fluidized beds for each particular process. The book starts with a brief history of fluidization from its inception in the 1940’s. The authors present both the fluid dynamics of gas-solid fluidized beds and the extensive experimental studies of operating systems and they set them in the context of operating processes that use fluid-bed reactors. Chemical engineering students and postdocs as well as practicing engineers will find great interest in this book.

Download or read book Predictive Modeling of Pharmaceutical Unit Operations written by Preetanshu Pandey and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-26 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of modeling and simulation tools is rapidly gaining prominence in the pharmaceutical industry covering a wide range of applications. This book focuses on modeling and simulation tools as they pertain to drug product manufacturing processes, although similar principles and tools may apply to many other areas. Modeling tools can improve fundamental process understanding and provide valuable insights into the manufacturing processes, which can result in significant process improvements and cost savings. With FDA mandating the use of Quality by Design (QbD) principles during manufacturing, reliable modeling techniques can help to alleviate the costs associated with such efforts, and be used to create in silico formulation and process design space. This book is geared toward detailing modeling techniques that are utilized for the various unit operations during drug product manufacturing. By way of examples that include case studies, various modeling principles are explained for the nonexpert end users. A discussion on the role of modeling in quality risk management for manufacturing and application of modeling for continuous manufacturing and biologics is also included. Explains the commonly used modeling and simulation tools Details the modeling of various unit operations commonly utilized in solid dosage drug product manufacturing Practical examples of the application of modeling tools through case studies Discussion of modeling techniques used for a risk-based approach to regulatory filings Explores the usage of modeling in upcoming areas such as continuous manufacturing and biologics manufacturingBullet points

Download or read book Monte Carlo Simulation of Fluidized Bed Spray Agglomeration written by Korina Terrazas Velarde and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry written by David J. am Ende and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-10 with total page 1431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with various unique elements in the drug development process within chemical engineering science and pharmaceutical R&D. The book is intended to be used as a professional reference and potentially as a text book reference in pharmaceutical engineering and pharmaceutical sciences. Many of the experimental methods related to pharmaceutical process development are learned on the job. This book is intended to provide many of those important concepts that R&D Engineers and manufacturing Engineers should know and be familiar if they are going to be successful in the Pharmaceutical Industry. These include basic analytics for quantitation of reaction components– often skipped in ChE Reaction Engineering and kinetics books. In addition Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry introduces contemporary methods of data analysis for kinetic modeling and extends these concepts into Quality by Design strategies for regulatory filings. For the current professionals, in-silico process modeling tools that streamline experimental screening approaches is also new and presented here. Continuous flow processing, although mainstream for ChE, is unique in this context given the range of scales and the complex economics associated with transforming existing batch-plant capacity. The book will be split into four distinct yet related parts. These parts will address the fundamentals of analytical techniques for engineers, thermodynamic modeling, and finally provides an appendix with common engineering tools and examples of their applications.

Download or read book Continuous Manufacturing of Pharmaceuticals written by Peter Kleinebudde and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive look at existing technologies and processes for continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals As rising costs outpace new drug development, the pharmaceutical industry has come under intense pressure to improve the efficiency of its manufacturing processes. Continuous process manufacturing provides a proven solution. Among its many benefits are: minimized waste, energy consumption, and raw material use; the accelerated introduction of new drugs; the use of smaller production facilities with lower building and capital costs; the ability to monitor drug quality on a continuous basis; and enhanced process reliability and flexibility. Continuous Manufacturing of Pharmaceuticals prepares professionals to take advantage of that exciting new approach to improving drug manufacturing efficiency. This book covers key aspects of the continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals. The first part provides an overview of key chemical engineering principles and the current regulatory environment. The second covers existing technologies for manufacturing both small-molecule-based products and protein/peptide products. The following section is devoted to process analytical tools for continuously operating manufacturing environments. The final two sections treat the integration of several individual parts of processing into fully operating continuous process systems and summarize state-of-art approaches for innovative new manufacturing principles. Brings together the essential know-how for anyone working in drug manufacturing, as well as chemical, food, and pharmaceutical scientists working on continuous processing Covers chemical engineering principles, regulatory aspects, primary and secondary manufacturing, process analytical technology and quality-by-design Contains contributions from researchers in leading pharmaceutical companies, the FDA, and academic institutions Offers an extremely well-informed look at the most promising future approaches to continuous manufacturing of innovative pharmaceutical products Timely, comprehensive, and authoritative, Continuous Manufacturing of Pharmaceuticals is an important professional resource for researchers in industry and academe working in the fields of pharmaceuticals development and manufacturing.

Download or read book Process Systems Engineering for Pharmaceutical Manufacturing written by Ravendra Singh and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-03-16 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Process Systems Engineering for Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: From Product Design to Enterprise-Wide Decisions, Volume 41, covers the following process systems engineering methods and tools for the modernization of the pharmaceutical industry: computer-aided pharmaceutical product design and pharmaceutical production processes design/synthesis; modeling and simulation of the pharmaceutical processing unit operation, integrated flowsheets and applications for design, analysis, risk assessment, sensitivity analysis, optimization, design space identification and control system design; optimal operation, control and monitoring of pharmaceutical production processes; enterprise-wide optimization and supply chain management for pharmaceutical manufacturing processes. Currently, pharmaceutical companies are going through a paradigm shift, from traditional manufacturing mode to modernized mode, built on cutting edge technology and computer-aided methods and tools. Such shifts can benefit tremendously from the application of methods and tools of process systems engineering. Introduces Process System Engineering (PSE) methods and tools for discovering, developing and deploying greener, safer, cost-effective and efficient pharmaceutical production processes Includes a wide spectrum of case studies where different PSE tools and methods are used to improve various pharmaceutical production processes with distinct final products Examines the future benefits and challenges for applying PSE methods and tools to pharmaceutical manufacturing

Download or read book Handbook of Fluidization and Fluid Particle Systems written by Wen-Ching Yang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference details particle characterization, dynamics, manufacturing, handling, and processing for the employment of multiphase reactors, as well as procedures in reactor scale-up and design for applications in the chemical, mineral, petroleum, power, cement and pharmaceuticals industries. The authors discuss flow through fixed beds, elutriation and entrainment, gas distributor and plenum design in fluidized beds, effect of internal tubes and baffles, general approaches to reactor design, applications for gasifiers and combustors, dilute phase pneumatic conveying, and applications for chemical production and processing. This is a valuable guide for chemists and engineers to use in their day-to-day work.

Download or read book Process Modelling and Simulation written by César de Prada and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-09-23 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since process models are nowadays ubiquitous in many applications, the challenges and alternatives related to their development, validation, and efficient use have become more apparent. In addition, the massive amounts of both offline and online data available today open the door for new applications and solutions. However, transforming data into useful models and information in the context of the process industry or of bio-systems requires specific approaches and considerations such as new modelling methodologies incorporating the complex, stochastic, hybrid and distributed nature of many processes in particular. The same can be said about the tools and software environments used to describe, code, and solve such models for their further exploitation. Going well beyond mere simulation tools, these advanced tools offer a software suite built around the models, facilitating tasks such as experiment design, parameter estimation, model initialization, validation, analysis, size reduction, discretization, optimization, distributed computation, co-simulation, etc. This Special Issue collects novel developments in these topics in order to address the challenges brought by the use of models in their different facets, and to reflect state of the art developments in methods, tools and industrial applications.

Download or read book Coupled CFD DEM Modeling written by Hamid Reza Norouzi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the CFD-DEM method of modeling which combines both the Discrete Element Method and Computational Fluid Dynamics to simulate fluid-particle interactions. Deals with both theoretical and practical concepts of CFD-DEM, its numerical implementation accompanied by a hands-on numerical code in FORTRAN Gives examples of industrial applications

Download or read book The Science and Engineering of Granulation Processes written by Jim Litster and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book had its origins in a meeting between two (relatively) young particle technology researchers on Rehobeth Beach in Delaware in 1992 near the holiday house of Reg Davies (then Director of the Particle Science and Technology Research Center in Dupont). As we played in the sand, we shared an excitement for developments in particle technology, especially particle characterization, that would lead operations such as granulation to be placed on a sound scientific and engineering footing. The immediate outcome from this interaction was the development of new industry short courses in granulation and related topics which we taught together both in Australia and North America. This book follows closely the structure and approaches developed in these courses, particularly the emphasis on particle design in granulation, where the impact of both formulation properties and process variables on product attributes needs to be understood and quantified. The book has been a long time in the making. We have been actively preparing the book for at least five years. Although the chapters have relatively good bibliographies, this book is not a review of the field. Rather it is an attempt by the authors to present a comprehensive engineering approach to granulator design, scale up and operation. It is exciting for us to see the explosion of research interest around the world in this area in the last five to seven years. Some of the most recent work will have to find its way into the second edition.

Download or read book Plasma Fluidized Bed written by Changming Du and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-09 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed overview of the plasma fluidized bed. It is an innovative tool and generally combines plasma process with another efficient reactor, fluidized bed, providing an excellent method for particulate processes over conventional technology. The development and designs of typical types of plasma fluidized beds, mainly thermal plasma fluidized beds and non-thermal plasma fluidized beds are discussed. The influencing factors on the performance of plasma fluidized beds are analyzed in detail. The mechanism, i.e. the discharge characteristics, hydrodynamics, heat transfer and mass transfer are analyzed to offer a further insight of plasma fluidized beds. Applications of plasma fluidized beds for different areas, including metallurgy extraction, green energy process, environmental protection and advanced materials are presented. The book is a valuable reference for scientists, engineers and graduate students in chemical engineering and relative fields.