Download or read book Predicting Forage Nutritive Value Using an in Vitro Gas Production Technique and Dry Matter Intake of Grazing Animals Using N alkanes written by André D. Aguiar and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first experiment, forage samples (n = 39) were collected during 4 years (2006 - 2009) from pastures grazed by Santa Gertrudis cattle at the King Ranch, TX. The in vitro gas production technique (IVGP) was performed to understand the pattern of fermentation parameters of the forage and obtain fractional digestion rate (kd) values to predict total digestible nutrients (TDN). The best nonlinear model to describe the IVGP values of the forages was the two-pool logistic equation. The passage rate (kp) of 4%/h was used. The kp predicted by the Large Nutrient Ruminant System (LNRS) model was 3.66%/h. The average TDN was 55.9% compared to 53.8% using a theoretical equation. In the second experiment, Brahman bulls (n = 16) grazed Coastal bermudagrass pastures [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] and stocked at a moderate to low grazing pressure. Three periods of fecal collections were made within each period. Bulls were individually fed at 0700 and 1900 h of 400 g of corn gluten pellets containing C32 n-alkanes. Each period was divided in 2 sub periods in which fecal samples were collected 4 times a day (0700, 1100, 1500 and 1900 h). N-alkanes in the forage and feces were determined using gas chromatography. In the third experiment, four methods were used to estimate dry matter intake (DMI): C31 or C33 with or without adjustment for forage C32 (C31_0 and C33_0, respectively). There was a difference between morning (0700 and 1100 h) and afternoon fecal collections (1500 and 1900 h) on the predicted DMI using C31 (P = 0.0010), C33 (P = 0.0001), C31_0 (P = 0.0010), or C33_0 (P

Download or read book Fundamentals of Applied Animal Nutrition written by Gordon Dryden and published by CABI. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you have ever wondered why animals prefer some foods and not others, how poor feeding management can cause conditions such as laminitis, rumenitis or diarrhoea, or how to construct a diet to optimise animal performance and health, then this book will introduce you to the fundamentals of animal nutrition and their practical implementation. With its evidence-based approach and emphasis on the practical throughout, this is a valuable textbook for undergraduate and graduate animal science students studying the feeding of farm animals. It is also an essential reference for early practitioners, veterinarians, farm managers and advisers in animal feed companies.

Download or read book Proceedings of the International Grassland Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Anais do Congresso Internacional de Pastagens written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forage Evaluation in Ruminant Nutrition written by D. I. Givens and published by CABI. This book was released on 2000-05-25 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current pressures to maximise the use of forages in ruminant diets have renewed interest in fast, inexpensive methods for the estimation of their nutritional value. As a result, a wide variety of biological and physiochemical procedures have recently been investigated for this purpose.This book is the single definitive reference volume on the current status of research in this areaCovers all forages eaten by ruminant animals

Download or read book Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production Annual Conference written by New Zealand Society of Animal Production. Annual Conference and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chemical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 2692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sward Measurement Handbook written by Alison Davies and published by Twayne Publishers. This book was released on 1993 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determination of Intake and Digestibility of Pasture Forages Using Conventional and Indicator Techniques written by Suleyman Orhan Alpan and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digestibility experiments were carried out with dairy heifers to determine the digestibility of orchard grass, Dactylis glomerata, and also to evaluate the accuracy of various indicator techniques in pasture digestibility experiments. Chromic oxide was used as an external indicator to predict fecal dry matter output in three digestion trials. Cut grass was fed in one of the trials and corn silage in the other two. The internal indicators fecal nitrogen and protein of feed and feces were studied in two of the trials in which one conventional and one grazing trial were involved. The experimental animals consisted of six approximately two year old Holstein heifers and six Jersey heifers of the same ages. All animals were in about the fifth month of pregnancy. In the experiments, five grams of chromic oxide in gelatin capsules were fed to the animals twice a day at 7 A.M. and 4 P.M. Solka-floc, which is a pure cellulose material, was used as a carrier for chromic oxide. Fecal grab samples were collected from the rectum of grazing animals at 6 A.M. and 4 P.M. The chromic oxide recoveries in the feces of the stall fed animals fed orchard grass ranged from 98.4 to 99.2 percent, averaging 98.8 percent. The average difference between the predicted and actual fecal dry matter output was 23.1 g. This magnitude of difference yielded a 1.01 percent error of prediction. However, chromic oxide recoveries for the silage trials were considerably lower, estimated as 79.9 and 74.9 percent for trials III and IV respectively. These low recoveries of chromic oxide resulted in a rather high error of prediction of fecal dry matter output with silages. The average errors of prediction for the grass forage dry matter intakes using fecal nitrogen and protein indigestibility techniques were found to be 1.4 and -6.4 percent, respectively. The respective differences between the average actual and predicted forage dry matter intakes were 86.1 and -405.2 g. Based on the results of this study the fecal nitrogen index technique appears to be superior to the protein indigestibility technique. The digestion coefficients of ether extracts were found to be higher for the conventional trial with pasture than for that of the grazing trial, while the reverse was true for the nitrogen free extracts. The average TDN and digestible energy values for orchard grass dry matter in the conventional trial were found to be 67.1 and 68.0 percent, respectively. The difference in estimations of the TDN and digestible energy values between total collection and fecal nitrogen technique was 0.5 percent, which may be regarded as a reasonable error in digestibility experiments. The TDN and digestible energy values of the grazing trial were slightly higher than that of the conventional trial. The digestible energy determinations were highly correlated with the calculated TDN values. It was concluded that chromic oxide and fecal nitrogen may be used effectively in pasture digestibility experiments. More research is needed to establish their use as reliable indicators with single feed stuffs, such as silages, or when combined in complete rations.

Download or read book Multi function Grasslands written by European Grassland Federation. General Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Use of Certain Microdigestion and Chemical Techniques to Predict the Nutritive Value of Some Forages written by Julio Alberto Garcia Tobar and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forage Herbage Accumulation and Nutritive Value Dynamics of a Mixed Cool season Grass Sward Across Seasons written by Renata La Guardia Nave and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In-field assessment of forage nutritive value could help producers manage forage harvesting or grazing based on potential feed value to ruminants. Unfortunately, limited attention has been given to developing methods for field assessment of forage nutritive value in cool-season grasses. Livestock nutrition depends not only on the herbage nutritive composition of the grass consumed, but also the amount of ingested forage. When ruminants are under strip-grazing management, successive layers of the sward are removed beginning at the top of the canopy, so the nutritive value of the selected grass is determined by the vertical distribution of the nutritive components in the sward. It is important to understand the vertical distribution of nutritive value and what factors affect it, in order to predict the potential nutritive value of the ingested herbage. The objectives of this research were: i) evaluate the relationship of forage nutritive value to sward characteristics to identify potential indicators of forage nutritive value that can be assessed in real-time, ii) characterize the vertical distribution of herbage mass yield, morphological components and nutritive value within a grass sward, and iii) characterize the shifts in vertical distribution of herbage mass and nutritive value within a grass sward during a grazing event. The first two studies were conducted at Columbus, OH, from April to October 2009 and 2010 respectively in a mixed cool-season grass sward. Forage accumulation periods were initiated in April, May, June, July, and August and the forage was allowed to accumulate for the remainder of the growing season, with weekly sampling for nutritive value and morphological composition of the sward. The third study was conducted at Columbus, OH on three dates in 2009 and 2011 during grazing events. Six spots were randomly selected for collecting forage samples to characterize morphological composition and nutritive value in strata (10-cm vertical layer). In the forage accumulation study, the proportion of dead material, proportion of lamina, age (days of growth), and herbage mass had the highest correlations with forage in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), which were higher than the correlations of sward characteristics with neutral detergent fiber (NDF). A linear model was fit to predict NDFD (g kg-1) from the herbage mass [H, kg dry matter (DM) ha-1] present, where NDFD = -0.0523H + 746, with a root mean square error (RMSE) = 44.1, r2 = 0.81, P

Download or read book The Nutritive Evaluation of Forages by Biological and Laboratory Methods written by Akinmọlayẹmi Akinrinnibade Ademosun and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Grass for Dairy Cattle written by Jerome Henry Cherney and published by Cabi. This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the current interest in the environmental and economic sustainability of dairy farming, grass forage crops have emerged as a potential solution to some of the nutrient management problems now encountered on intensively managed dairy farms. The expansion and reintegration of grass-based systems into the mainstream of dairying systems will require a major paradigm shift involving economic, social and ecological, as well as biological factors. This book examines the role of grass in milk production in sustainable agricultural ecosystems. It provides a current summary of the role of grass in dairy cattle systems, including the breeding, management, storage, feeding and economics of grass for both lactating and dry dairy cows. Written by leading specialists from Australia, Europe, New Zealand, North and South America, this is an essential reference source for researchers, dairy industry professionals and advanced students of forage and dairy cattle nutrition.

Download or read book Index to Theses with Abstracts Accepted for Higher Degrees by the Universities of Great Britain and Ireland and the Council for National Academic Awards written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forage in Ruminant Nutrition written by Dennis Minson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forage in Ruminant Nutrition is the 12th text in a series of books about animal feeing and nutrition. The series is intended to keep readers updated on the developments occurring in these fields. As it is apparent that ruminant animals are important throughout the world because of the meat and milk they produce, knowledge about the feeds available to ruminants must also be considered for increased production and efficiency. This text provides information that readers will find considerably invaluable about forage feeds, such as grass, legumes, hay, and straw. The book is composed of 16 chapters that feature the following concepts of ruminant forage feeding: • composition of ruminant products and the nutrients required for maintenance and reproduction; • energy and nutrient available in forage: calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, copper, iodine, zinc, manganese, selenium, and cobalt; • intake of forage by housed ruminants; • grazing; • forage digestibility; • protein in ruminant nutrition; • protein and other nutrient deficiencies. This volume will be an invaluable reference for students and professionals in agricultural chemistry and grassland and animal husbandry researches.